1. The Central Processing Unit: What Goes on Inside the Computer
Computer Hardware and Software Maintenance

2. The CPU

3. The CPU The brains of the computer system
Converts data into information
Control center
Set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions
Two parts
Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

4. CPU Socket Connection
Socket X (X being any numerical number) is a descriptive term for the way certain processors plug into a computer motherboard so that it makes contact with the motherboard's built-in circuitry or data bus.
Example: LGA 1156 (Intel) or Socket AM3+(AMD)

5. CPU Sockets
Common sockets have retention clips that apply a constant force, which must be overcome when a device is inserted. For chips with a large number of pins, either zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets or land grid array (LGA) sockets are used instead. These designs apply a compression force once either a handle (for ZIF type) or a surface plate (LGA type) is put into place. This provides superior mechanical retention while avoiding the risk of bending pins when inserting the chip into the socket

6. CPU Basic Component #1 Control Unit CU
Part of the hardware that is in-charge
Directs the computer system to execute stored program instructions
Communicates with other parts of the hardware

7. CPU Basic Component #2 Arithmetic / Logic Unit ALU
Performs arithmetic operations
Performs logical operations

8. Arithmetic Operations+
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
Division - / *

9. Logical Operations NOT AND OR >= <= > < < > =
Evaluates conditions
Makes comparisons
Can compare
Numbers
Letters
Special characters
AND OR
>=
<=
>
<
< > =

10. Registers Special-purpose High-speed
A processor register (CPU register) is one of a small set of data holding places that are part of the computer processor. A register may hold an instruction, a storage address, or any kind of data (such as a bit sequence or individual characters)
Special-purpose High-speed
Temporary storage Located Inside The CPU
Instruction register
Holds instruction currently being executed
Data register
Holds data waiting to be processed
Holds results from processing

11. Executing Programs CU gets an instruction and places it in memory
CU decodes the instruction
CU notifies the appropriate part of hardware to take action
Control is transferred to the appropriate part of hardware
Task is performed
Control is returned to the CU

12. Microprocessor(CPU) CPU etched on a chip CPU is made of Sand(silicon)
Contains millions of transistors
Electronic switches that can allow current to pass through

13. Types(Brands) of Microprocessors(CPU’s)
Intel
Cyrix
AMD

14. Computer Processing Speed
Time to execute an instruction
Millisecond-one thousandth of a second.
Microsecond-one millionth of a second
Nanosecond- one billionth of a second
Modern computers
Picosecond-one trillionth of a second.
In the future

15. Microprocessor(CPU) Speed
Clock speed the operating speed of a computer or its microprocessor, defined as the rate at which it performs internal operations and expressed in cycles per second.
Common CPU Clock speeds…
Megahertz (MHz) one million cycles per second, especially within the processor
Gigahertz (GHz) A thousand million cycles per second within the processor