1. Excretion!

2. What are two benefits of sweating?
cools body temp
excretion

3. Excretion vs. Egestion

4. Excretion Egestion
the removal of
metabolic undigested
waste material

5. Metabolic Waste Source
CO Cellular Respiration
H2O “ “
dehydration synthesis
Nitrogenous
Compounds
ammonia NH3 amino acid metabolism
urea CH4N2O
uric acid nucleic acid metabolism

6. Metabolic Waste Source
mineral salts muscle and nerve NaCl activity
bile pigments metabolism of
hemoglobin

7. Why are protists like the ameba able to excrete highly toxic waste (e
Why are protists like the ameba able to excrete highly toxic waste (e.g. ammonia), but we can’t?

8. Why do multicellular organisms need an excretory system?

9. Excretory Organs
lungs
liver
kidneys
skin

10. skin
lungs
liver
kidney

11. liver produces bile (made from breakdown of hemoglobin) produces urea
mixture of cholesterol, colored pigments, and bile salts
produces urea
from ammonia and CO2
urea is less toxic than ammonia
deaminates proteins
detoxification
- removes bacteria, toxins, drugs, hormones

12. Urinary System

13. Renal artery
cortex
Renal vein
Adrenal gland
medulla
Kidney
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Urinary Bladder
Ureter
Urethra

15. The Kidney

16. The kidneys filter metabolic wastes out of the blood and produce urine
What do the kidneys do?
The kidneys filter metabolic wastes out of the blood and produce urine
(which removes these wastes)

17. Urine
water
mineral salts
urea
ammonia

18. The microscopic filtering unit of the kidney
The Nephron
The microscopic filtering unit of the kidney

19. The Nephron Renal tubule Bowman’s capsule arteriole Renal artery
glomerulus
Capillary
Collecting duct
Renal vein
venule
Loop of Henle

20. The Nephron https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkyFPMXa28c 3:20
5:46
Detailed!

21. The Nephron

25. Filtration into the nephron
water
amino acids
glucose
salts
urea
Remains in blood
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
blood proteins
fats

26. Reabsorption into Blood
water
amino acids
glucose
salts

27. Urine
water
urea
uric acid
salts

29. When do our kidneys produce less urine:
in the winter or summer?
Summer – Why?
Conserve water – water already
lost as sweat

30. Kidney
Dialysis

32. What can urine tell us about the health of a person?

34. Sweat
99% water
salt
urea
uric acid

35. What are the functions of skin?

36. Functions of the Skin Protection against infection
Protection against water loss
Excretion of salt, water, heat
Regulation of body temperature
Sensation

37. Sweat Glands
filter water, urea and salts from blood

38. hair
pore
epidermis
keratin
nerves
sebaceous gland
dermis
blood vessels
Sweat gland

39. The Skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypo dermis

40. hair
keratin
epidermis
pore
dermis
nerves
sweat gland
sebacious (oil) gland
hair follicle

47. melanoma
a form of skin cancer that begins on the surface of the skin and can, if not detected soon enough, extend into the deeper layers of the skin where the chance of cancer spread increases.

50. Diseases of the Excretory System
kidney stones
hepatitis
cirrhosis
jaundice
kidney failure

51. Kidney Stones

54. Kidney Stones
- solid pieces of material (calcium; uric acid) that form out of substances in the urine in a kidney.
may stay in the kidney or break loose and travel down the urinary tract. A small stone may pass all the way out of the body without causing too much pain.
- a larger stone may get stuck in a ureter, the bladder, or the urethra. A problem stone can block the flow of urine and cause great pain.

55. Gallstones

56. Gallstones

57. Gallstones
Small, hard, pathological concretions, composed chiefly of cholesterol, calcium salts, and bile pigments, formed in the gallbladder or in a bile duct

58. Liver

59. Hepatitus
Hepatitis B virus

61. Hepatomegally in an alcoholic

63. Jaundice

65. Jaundice
3:36
hemolysis

66. bilirubin Variation of bruises
is the yellow breakdown product of normal heme catabolism. Heme is found in hemoglobin.
Variation of bruises

67. Jaundice
Yellowish discoloration of the whites of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes caused by deposition of bile salts in these tissues. It occurs as a symptom of various diseases, such as hepatitis, that affect the processing of bile

68. Jaundice
deposition of bile pigments that follows interference with normal production and discharge of bile (as in certain liver diseases) or excessive breakdown of red blood cells (as after internal hemorrhage or in various hemolytic states)

69. Which excretory disease?1 3 2 4