1. CHAPTER 18
THE AGE OF CITIES

2. Population Growth
,443,321
,155,783
,994,575
,710,620

3. Growth of Cities
New York 1 to 3 million
Chicago 100,000 to 1 million

4. 1920
First time a majority of Americans (51.2%) live in urban areas (2500 or more)

5. Why Growth?
*Migration
movement from rural areas to the cities

6. Young women: Southern Blacks:
Larger farms & commercial farms mean less farm family and less chance for marriage
Southern Blacks:
Start of movement to the North

7. What is the lure?
*convenience
*entertainment
*culture
*better paying jobs

8. *Immigration
million
million

9. 2nd great shift in immigration Southern and Eastern Europe
They were:
Uneducated
Poor
Unskilled

10. Ellis Island

21. Groups tend to settle together in the same geographic location

22. Little Italy

24. As larger groups get established, they turn their numbers into political power

25. John Francis Fitzgerald
“Honey Fitz”

26. Reactions
Deny entry to undesirables:
Convicts
Paupers
Mentally ill
50¢ Tax per person

27. PROBLEMS IN THE CITIES

28. Housing

29. Lack of Transportation

30. Congestion of the City causes:
Disease

31. Chicago Fire

33. Greatest problem:
POVERTY

34. POLITICAL MACHINES
&
THE BOSS

35. How Machines work
*Help people out *Reward supporters *Power of immigrant vote *Link with wealthy *Weakness of city government

36. Tweed Ring
William Tweed

37. Tammany Hall

38. Thomas Nast

39. “Let us Prey”

41. “I don't care a straw for your newspaper articles; my constituents don't know how to read, but they can't help seeing them damned pictures.” - Boss Tweed - November 1870

55. Society & Culture

56. Beginning of mass consumption and mass marketing
White collar workers have money

57. Start of Department stores and ready made clothes

58. Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co.
A & P

59. Sears Building

60. Sports as Entertainment

62. Boston 1903 World Series

63. Dickinson College 1900

64. John L. Sullivan

65. Florenz Ziegfeld

70. Samuel Clemens
Mark Twain

71. Stephen Crane

72. Upton Sinclair

73. Education
Public HS ,000
1900: 31 states have compulsory school attendance

74. Education for Women
Land Grant Colleges begin to accept women

75. Women’s College set up:
Vassar
Wellesly
Smith
Bryn Mawr

76. Pragmatists:
William James
No idea valid unless it stood test of experience
Applied to other areas:
F.J. Turner

77. The Gilded Age
The Gilded Age

78. "What is the chief end of man. --to get rich. In what way
"What is the chief end of man?--to get rich. In what way?--dishonestly if we can; honestly if we must." -- Mark Twain-1871

79. Carnegie 5th Ave & 91st St

80. Mrs. Astor 6th Ave & 65th St

81. Vanderbilt Chateau 5th Ave & 52nd St

82. Summer Cottages
Newport, R.I.

83. The Breakers

85. The Great Hall

86. Kitchen

87. Library

88. Belcourt Castle

89. The Elms

90. Marble House

91. Beechwood

94. Fenway Court

96. Wedding of Helen Hay to Payne Whitney

97. ‘The Girl on the Red Velvet Swing’
Evelyn Nesbit
‘The Girl on the Red Velvet Swing’

98. The Crime of the Century
Stanford White
The Crime of the Century