1. Unit 2 Fit for Life Welcome & Reading
保持健康

2. Lead-in 1. Do you think health is important for us?
2.What shall we do if we feel uncomfortable or even sick?

3. Picture-talking 1.What is the man in white? A chemist.
2.What does a chemist do?
A chemist.
A chemist’s job usually involves preparing and selling medicines.

4. 1.What are these on the ear?
2.What do we call this treatment?
Needles.
Acupuncture.
Acupuncture has its origin in China beginning before 1000 BC.

5. What are the doctors doing?
an operation
The doctors are performing _____________. During the process of an operation, the surgeons _______ 切开a part of a person’s body and remove or _______ a damaged part. The special room for operation is called an ________________ .
cut open
repair
operating theatre

6. 1. Do you have good eyesight?
2. If not, what should you do?
3.What can he or she do for us?
To see an eye doctor.
An eye doctor tests our eyes to see if we need glasses.

7. If so, what would the doctor do for you?
Have you ever seen the doctor ?
If so, what would the doctor do for you?

8. Do you know what kind of medicines or treatments we need when we catch a cold?

9. What did it feel like ? feel like 想要；摸起来好像 接受医治感觉怎么样?
Useful expressions in Welcome:
What did it feel like ?
feel like 想要；摸起来好像
接受医治感觉怎么样?
1. 我想要睡觉。
2. It feels like cotton.
I feel like sleeping.
这块布摸上去像是棉花。

10. Unit 2 Reading Two life-saving medicines
aspirin
penicillin

11. Fast-reading
1.When did people find that drinking a special tea could reduce fever and pain?
2.Who discovered penicillin?
About 2500 years ago.
A Scottish scientist named Alexander Fleming.

12. Two _________ medicines
Skimming
Passage structure
Two _________ medicines
life-saving
aspirin
penicillin
The _________
of aspirin
The _______ of aspirin
The
_________
of penicillin
The___________ of penicillin
uses
/ effects
uses
/effects
development
development

13. Development of aspirin
Scanning
Development of aspirin
tablet
______in shops as a _____
sold
In 1900:
In 1950:
In 1971:
In 1977:
In 2003:
as the best-selling _________
recorded in the Guinness Book
painkiller
blood-thinning
proved to be a ____________
medicine
used to prevent a ______
stroke
used to ______ blood sugar
levels
reduce

14. Uses/Effects of aspirin
fever
Reduce
___________
Help stop ______ ______
Reduce the risk of_____ _______
__________
Reduce the risk of ______ ________
Increase the _____ of people’s lives
Help with _______
body pains
heart attacks
Prevent
a stroke
colon
cancer
length
diabetes

15. Development of Penicillin
Scanning
Development of Penicillin
In 1928:
World War II:
In 1945:
discovered
_________ by Alexander
Fleming
chemical
found new _______ techniques to _____ it
purify
Fleming, Florey and Chain _______ the Nobel Prize
shared

16. Uses/Effects of penicillin
wounds and infections
Help in treating______________________
caused by_________
Treat other illnesses including________
bacteria
pneumonia

17. True or False statements:
1.It has been 100 years since aspirin was invented.
2.As a standardized aspirin tablet, it should contain
500 milligrams of ASA.
3.In 1953 Lawrence Craven published a report to
introduced the idea that aspirin could cure heart
attacks.
4.Smith and Wills carried out a study in the USA to
prove that aspirin was a blood-thinning medicine.
5.Stroke is a type of serious illness when blood
vessels in the heart burst suddenly or are blocked.
6.Because many lives were saved during the World
War ,penicillin spread widely.
7.Alexander Fleming noticed mould which could
grow on transparent jellies can kill bacteria.

18. F T F True or False statements: 1.It has been 100 years since aspirin
was invented.
2.As a standardized aspirin tablet, it
should contain 500 milligrams of ASA.
3.In 1953 Lawrence Craven published a
report to introduce the idea that
aspirin could cure heart attacks.
over 100 years since aspirin F
L 30 T
L 16 F
reduce the risk of heart attacks
L22-24

19. F F F F 4. Smith and Wills carried out a study in the
USA to prove that aspirin was a blood-
thinning medicine.
5. Stroke is a type of serious illness when
blood vessels in the heart burst suddenly or
are blocked.
6. Because many lives were saved during the
World War II, penicillin spread widely.
7. Alexander Fleming noticed mould which
could grow on transparent jellies can kill
bacteria. F
proved
L 25 F
brain
L 27
L 50
Many lives were saved during the World War II due to the wide use of penicilin. F
7. Alexander Fleming noticed mould can kill bacteria. F
L 38-40

20. What do you think the world would be like if there were no medicines?
Discussion
What do you think the world would be like if there were no medicines?
Do you believe that ‘wonder drugs’ will be invented to treat diseases like AIDS in the future?

21. date 后为______从句，that 相当于________.
Sentence patterns:
The date that aspirin was invented is given by medical historians as 1897,but in fact, 3,500 years ago, some recipes recommended drinking a tea made from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains （Line 6-8）
date 后为______从句，that 相当于________.
made from the dried leaves充当__________ . 定语
when
tea 的后置定语

22. 2. Lawrence Craven, (a doctor from the USA), is the author of several published reports, one of ______ introduced the idea in 1953 ______ aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood. (L22-25)
A. which; that B. that; which
C. which; which D. whom; that A
非限制性定语
which 引导的是_____________从句，that引导的是_______________从句
idea 的同位语

23. 3. If penicillin had not been available, many people would have died from bacterial illness or even minor wounds.
此句为____________________________
if引导的对过去时态虚拟条件句

24. Reading strategy How can we understand medical terms?
(1)Words coming form the same stem:
(2)Words that are compound words:
(3)Words with irregular plural forms:
medicine, medical, medicinal; pure, purify
chemical, chemist; bacterium, bacteria
painkiller blood-thinning;
heart attack acetylsalicylic
bacteria; bacterium

25. Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the reading
Consolidation
Fill in the blanks with proper
words according to the reading
material.

26. W: I’d like to know about the two medicines
—aspirin and penicillin. Could you please
tell me something about them?
M: I’ll be glad to. If you open up any medicine
cupboard in the world, there is a high
(1)p___________ that you will find aspirin
and penicillin. Both of them have saved
many people’s lives since they were
invented.
robability
W: When was aspirin invented?

27. M: I don’t know for sure, either. 3, 500 years
ago, some recipes (2)r_____________
drinking a tea made from the dried leaves
of a particular plant to reduce body pains.
In 1897, a European chemist produced
ASA from some chemicals to make a
medicine for his father. The first (3)t_____
of this medicine took place in 1899 when
the powder form began to be used with
(4)p_______. In 1900, it was sold in shops
as a tablet (5)c________ 500 milligrams of
ASA.
ecommended
rials
atients
ontaining

28. W: Besides reducing fever and pain, what
other functions does it have?
M: It can also help reduce the risk of heart
attacks and colon cancer and so on.
W: What about penicillin?
M: Penicillin was (6)d_________ by a Scottish
scientist in He thought it might help
in treating wounds and illness (7)c________
by bacteria. But it was not until World
War II that two other scientists managed
to use new chemical techniques to
iscovered
aused

29. (8)p______ it and then produced it in
large (9)q________. Thanks to it, many
lives were saved during World War II. It
can also treat other illnesses
(10)i_________ pneumonia.
urify
uantities
ncluding
W: I’ve learned a lot today. Thank you.
M: It’s a pleasure.

30. Translation:
1.查明;弄清
2.打开(药柜)
3.由树皮制成汤药
find out about
open up (a medicine cupboard)
make a juice from the bark of a kind of tree
4.以粉末状
5.以标准片剂出售
6.吉尼斯世界纪录
in powder form
sell as a standardized tablet
the Guinness Book of Records

31. 7.减少心脏病发作的危险
reduce the risk of heart attacks
降低血糖
8.延长人的寿命
9.提高人类的健康水平
10.在当代社会
11.在……上尝试某物
12.大量地
reduce blood sugar levels
increase the length of people’s lives
increase the standard of people’s health
in contemporary society
try … out on…
in large quantities

32. 13.批量生产
14.死于由细菌引起的疾病
15.强效的神奇药物
16.共同获得诺贝尔生理学或药学奖
mass production
die from bacterial illnesses
the powerful wonder drug
share the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

33. Homework Write a brief introduction to the two medicines.
Recite the phrases and words.

34. Read the article by yourselves and try to answer the questions
Exercise
Read the article by yourselves
and try to answer the questions
in C1 on page 20.

35. 1. About 2500 years ago.
2. In 1897.
3. It can also help
reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood,
prevent a stroke,
reduce the risk of colon cancer,
increase the length of people’s lives
and help with diabetes.

36. 4. In the mould that killed bacteria.
5. It can be used to treat bacterial
illnesses and other illnesses
including pneumonia.
6. Because Fleming discovered
penicillin and the others
turned it into the great drug
which saved millions of lives.

37. Unit 2 Reading Two life-saving medicines

38. Fill in the blanks with the correct word
recommended; invented; ASA; contemporary; published; discovered; tablet ; available
Aspirin a medicine that was __________in It has saved and brought relief to millions of people’s lives. It is made from a chemical called _____and was first sole as a tablet in This was the first medicine to be sold as a standardized ______. It works by reducing fever and pain. It is now ______________for reducing potential heart attacks, strokes and cancer. Many reports have been___________about how aspirin can improve people’s health.
invented
ASA
tablet
recommended
published

39. Fill in the blanks with the correct word
recommended; invented; ASA; contemporary; published; discovered; tablet ; available
Penicillin, a chemical in mould that was first __________ in 1928, but it was not until World War II that penicillin was purified to be used as a medicine. It was needed as soon as it was ________because there were many people injured in the war. It was fundamental to saving many thousands of lives and is one of the most important medicines of _____________ society.
discovered
available
contemporary

40. Language points in Reading:
1、If you open up any medicine cupboard in the world there is a high probability that you will find aspirin and penicillin. (Line 2)
明天可能会下雨。
There is a probability that it will rain tomorrow.
There is a probability of rain tomorrow.
The probability is that it will rain tomorrow.
It is __________ that it will rain tomorrow.
probable

41. 明天可能会听写。（3种说法）
_____ __________ ___ _____ we will have a dictation tomorrow.
___ ___ _______ ____we will have a dictation tomorrow.
____ ___ ___ _________ ____ we will have a dictation tomorrow.
The probability is that
It is probable that
There is a probability that

42. 2. (1) It was in 1897 that a European chemist called
Dr Felix Hoffmann produced … to make a
medicine for his father. (L11-13)
(2) However, it was not until World War II that two other scientists managed to use new chemical techniques to purify it. (L46-48)
强调句型的结构为:It is/was +被强调部分+that…。将第(2)句还原(两种)： =
Two other scientists didn’t manage to use new chemical techniques to purify it until World War II.
Not until World War II did two other scientists manage to use new chemical techniques to purify it.

43. not until forty married C
强调not...until结构中由until引导的短语（或从句）表示时间状语的句型是：
It is (was) not until...+that...+其他部分。
e.g. 1）He didn’t marry until forty.
--- It was _________________ that he ________.
2）_____ he realized it was too late to return home.
A. Not until dark B. It was until dark that
C. It was not until dark that D. It was dark that
not until forty married C
注意:如果not...until放在句首时就要用部分倒装句式。

44. 3. The first trial of this medicine took place in 1899 when the company…. (L13)
Through trial and error, I find the correct way eventually.
Life is full of trials.
The case is now under trial.
She succeeded in the examination ___ her second trial.
A. at B. in C. to D. on on
常与___连用
经过反复试验
人生充满考验。
案件正在审理中。 D

45. 4. This is one of the first medicines … ever to be sold as a standardized tablet. (L17-18)
◆ standardize vt.
使标准化, 使合于标准, 用标准检验
Effort to standardize English spelling has not been completely successful.
standardized: adj. 标准的, 定型的
standard: n. 标准, 规格
living standards
set a standard for…
将英语拼写标准化的努力并没有完全成功。
生活水准(常用复数)
设定……的标准

46. 5. Not only has aspirin saved many people’s lives by reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. (L20-21)
◆Not only…but also 并列连词,连接两个并列成分。连接两个并列主语时，采用就近原则；连接两个并列句时, 若not only 位于句首,则not only部分采用倒装结构,即“助动词+主语+动词原形”,但but also部分无需倒装。
* Not only ___ to leave his homeland, but ___ taken away.
A. he was forced, was everything he had
B. was he forced, everything he had was
C. was he forced, was everything he had
D. he was forced, everything he had was B

47. 6. However, in 1971, Smith and Wills from the UK proved that aspirin was a blooding- thinning medicine, and in 1977, a study carried out in the USA showed that the chemical ASA in aspirin could prevent a stroke, which is a type of serious illness when blood vessels in the brain burst suddenly or are blocked. (L24-28)
◆ block vt. 阻塞；阻止；限制
n. 块；街区；障碍物

48. The roads were blocked with crowds of people.
________
The main roads of the city have been blocked off ____________
These painkillers can block pain signals from reaching the brain _________
I walked a half mile, then ran a block, then walked home ________
A book that remains shut is nothing but a block __________
The three-hour class is divided into four blocks of 45 minutes each __________ 拥挤
封锁,关闭
阻止疼痛信号到达大脑 街区
尘封的书无异于一块木头。 块

49. a large/ small quantity of 大量/少量 in (large) quantities 大量地
7. They were able to produce it in large quantities. The new drug was needed immediately because of the war, so mass production started quickly. (L48-50)
◆ quantity: n.量; 分量; 数量
a large/ small quantity of 大量/少量
in (large) quantities 大量地
This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.
The factory turns out a large quantity of paper products.
比起产量，这家公司对质量更重视。
这家工厂生产大量的纸制品。

50. 都为复数形式 注意: a quantity of + n. +谓语，其中谓语动词的形式__________________
quantities of 谓语动词的形式____________
1) Quantities of nuts _______ on the table.
2) A quantity of nuts ______ on the table.
3) Large quantities of cotton ____ shipped all
over the world already.
A large quantity of bamboo ____ used for pipes to carry water.
A. has been, are B. has been, is
C. have been, is D. have been, are
与所修饰的名词一致
都为复数形式
are
are C

51. ◆ mass adj.群众的;大规模的;大量的
n. 团; 块; 堆; 大小; 群众; 人群; 主体部分
Don’t trouble me. I have masses of work to do.
The page was covered with a mass of figures.
It is only the interests of the masses with which we are concerned.
大量的
大量的 群众

52. 8. So, although Fleming discovered penicillin it was over a decade before someone else turned penicillin into the great drug of the 20th century. (L54-56)
◆ It was/will be + 段时间 +before…… “过了一段时间才……。”
◆ It is/has been + 段时间 + since …… “从……已多久了” 。
◆ It was + 时间 +when.
(it指时间，when引导的是_______ 从句)
时间状语

53. A B D C C 1) It was five o’clock ____ he came to see me.
2) It was at five o’clock ___ he came to see me.
3) It is five years ______ I left school.
4) It will be three days ______ he comes back.
5) The telephone rang at midnight, but it
stopped _______ I could answer it.
A. when B. that C. before D. since A B D C C

54. ◆ relief n. [U](痛苦的)减轻,(债务的)免除,安慰
9 . It has saved and brought relief to millions of people’s lives. (PE, L2-3)
◆ relief n. [U](痛苦的)减轻,(债务的)免除,安慰
It was a great relief to hear that my family was all safe. 听到我的家人安然无恙,我_________________。
_______________________, he has realized the importance of study.
松了一囗气
Much to my relief
使我大为宽慰的是
◆ relieve vt. 减轻,缓解,救济,救助
The medicine will relieve your pain.
Something must be done to relieve my mother from anxiety.
I was relieved to hear that you had arrived safely. 止痛
解除……的忧虑
……甚感安慰

55. Homework
Finish Part A1 & A2 in the Workbook.
Preview Grammar Part.