1. 1. Write today’s date and the title Extreme Tourism - Antarctica
1. Write today’s date and the title Extreme Tourism - Antarctica. Underline it with a ruler. Then answer the questions in full sentences.
Who do you think goes on holiday to places like these?
Why are the number of people visiting places like this growing?
What are the impacts of this sort of tourism?

2. What this lesson will cover:
What extreme tourism is.
The attractions of extreme environments to tourists.
Why there is increased demand for adventure holidays.
The impact of tourism on an extreme environment.
A case study of Antarctica and how it is coping with tourism.

3. What is extreme tourism?
Tourism that involves visiting locations with difficult environments – often with difficult climates and remote places that are sparsely settled or not occupied at all.
Examples of extreme environments and their activities

4. Who goes to these extreme environments?
DINKS – often around 30 years old, unmarried, without children, high powered jobs, good income.
Why are the numbers growing?
Greater awareness, greater ease of travel, desire to experience fragile landscapes, deeper cultural experience, healthy activities, contributes to local communities.
Between 2010 and 2014 the industry grew by 195%.
What are the impacts of this type of tourism?
Can bring economic benefits to remote communities, with very little investment needed. There are a large number of environmental concerns. These include pollution, deforestation, footpath erosion, wildlife disturbed, littering.

5. What this lesson will cover:
What extreme tourism is.
The attractions of extreme environments to tourists.
Why there is increased demand for adventure holidays.
The impact of tourism on an extreme environment.
A case study of Antarctica and how it is coping with tourism.

6. Why would you visit Antarctica?
Links to a video clip of WOW images of Antarctica:

7. You must work your way around the room to the 4 research stations and complete the activities at each to have a full set of notes.
Completing these tasks will give you all the case study information you require.

8. Why have tourist numbers to Antarctica grown?
Greater awareness
Melting ice is increasing accessibility
Increased annual leave
Cheaper air travel
What are the top 3 activities in Antarctica?
Cruises, small boat landings & cruises
Other activities: kayaking, scuba diving, camping
Most tourists from US
Impacts of tourism
Pollution – from exhaust fumes, oil and liquid gas from boats
Wildlife impacted, krill can be killed
Impact on penguin breeding
Transmit microbes
Managing tourism
The International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators
Regulate boat companies, trying to ensure a sustainable future
No boat over 500 passengers
All follow Antarctic treaty rules
Not allowed to visit SSSIs
Permits are required

9. Use a case study to discuss how well an extreme environment is coping with the development of the tourist industry. 8 marks
What is the command word?
What are you going to need to do?
The command is discuss so you have to give positive and negative comments about coping with tourists.
Comments can be social, economic and environmental.
Positives could include management e.g. IAATO, move to limit tourists numbers, growth of responsible tourism, public awareness.
Negatives: erosion, disturbed wildlife e.g. Penguins breeding patterns, pollution.

10. Mark scheme Level 1: List points, no real attempt to discuss them
Level 3: Stronger attempt to discuss two sides with some balance between positive and negatives e.g. Express a view on how well Antarctica is coping
Antarctica is coping well with tourism in some ways. This is because they have an organisation called IAATO to regulate activity. Controls such as limiting numbers on ship to 500 means that pollution is reduced. In addition, having lower tourists numbers means...
Level 2: Developed statements with some attempts to discuss. Positives and negatives only e.g.
In Antarctica they have limited numbers allowed onshore so penguins are not disturbed. They can still be frightened though so all tour operators have to join IAATO so they sign to be more responsible.

11.   How are you feeling? What extreme tourism is.
The attractions of extreme environments.
Why there is increased demand for adventure holidays.
The impact of tourism on an extreme environment.
A case study of Antarctica and how it is coping with tourism.