1. Sound
Part 1

2. Another form of energy is sound
Vocabulary words you should know and listen for while watching Bill Nye are:
Sound (duh!)
Vibration
Pitch
Absorption

3. Bill Nye Quiz Questions
A(n) __________ is an instrument that visually shows the changes in a varying current or frequency of sound waves.
a. laser b. microscope c. oscilloscope d. telescope
Which of the following is an important term related to sound and music?
a. frequency b. pitch c. vibration d. all of the above
A ________ creates sound by making air molecules vibrate at certain frequencies and can be used to fix the sound of an out-of-tune instrument.
a. divining rod b. rhythm spoon c. treble staff d. tuning fork
How many quarter notes make up a half note?
a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 6
5. ___________ discovered that the octave had a ratio of two to one and used the idea to develop the musical scale.
a. Galileo b. Plato c. Pythagoras d. Socrates

4. Bill Nye Quiz Answers
A(n) ____________ is an instrument that visually shows the changes in a varying current or frequency of sound waves.
C. Oscilloscope
Which of the following is an important term related to sound and music?
D. All of the above
A ________ creates sound by making air molecules vibrate at certain frequencies and can be used to fix the sound of an out-of-tune instrument.
D. Tuning fork
How many quarter notes make up a half note?
B. 2
_________ discovered that the octave had a ratio of two to one and used the idea to develop the musical scale.
C. Pythagoras

5. What is Sound?
Turn to page 1 in your books (draw glasses at the bottom of the page then read)
Turn to page 2. If a tree falls in a forest and no one is there, does it make a sound? Why or why not? Let’s talk about it…what do you think?
We’ll get back to the answer at the end of the lesson
Sound is a form of energy caused by vibrations.
Vibrations are the rapid back and forth movement of molecules.
Sound energy is transmitted by vibrating an object.

6. How sound happens Let’s write down the 8 steps how sound happens
Pluck the string
The string vibrates
Molecules around the string vibrate
This causes more molecules to vibrate
The vibration continues to travel through the molecules
The vibration reaches your ear
Your eardrum and other bones vibrate
This tells your brain you’ve heard a sound

7. Choose an instrument that does not have strings
Choose an instrument that does not have strings. How does it produce sound?
For instance:
Instrument: Drum
How it produces sound: Strike the drum. The drum vibrates. This vibrates molecules which travel to your ear. Your ear bones vibrate and you hear a sound.
Instrument: Recorder
How it produces sound: You blow into the recorder making a vibration, this vibrates molecules, your ear bones vibrate, you hear the sound.

8. Tuning Fork Turn to page 3 Have you seen one of these before?
What does it do?
Let’s see if we can get it to make a sound
What will happen if I place the tines in water? What if I exert more energy upon the tuning fork and place it in water again?
Why? The tines vibrate, which vibrates the water.
What will happen if I only place the handle of the tuning fork in the water after hitting it?
Why? The handle is not vibrating, so it will not vibrate the water.
How does sound travel?
Sound travels in a wave.

9. Sound travels in waves
We are going to see how a slinky can be used to show sound waves
Let’s try it, too
Draw this in your book

10. How does the Slinky relate to the Molecule Model?
The coils of the slinky actually represent the molecules in the air.
As sound waves travel through air, the molecules compress and stretch apart just like the
coils of the slinky
Let’s draw a group of molecules close together (these are compressions), when they are
stretched apart, they are rarefactions
Let’s add the sound wave.
The wave is up high (crest) when the molecules compress and is down low (trough) when
they rarefract.
The distance from one crest to another or one trough to another is known as one
wavelength.

11. Circle Model Here’s another model to show you how sound waves travel.
I need 2 volunteers
I need one person to sit down on the floor and one person to stand on a chair
Remind me to take off the microphone 
I’m going to stand in the center of the room…and talk
Raise your hand if you can hear me
Even though I was only talking in one direction, how come everyone could hear me?
Sound travels in all directions from its source.
Let’s draw the circle model

12. In conclusion
If a tree falls in a forest and no one is there, does it make a sound? Why or why not?
When the tree hits the ground, it causes the ground to vibrate. This causes the molecules to vibrate, and those vibrations spread out in all directions from the source. If the vibrations in the air reach your ear, you will hear the sound. However, even if you are not there, the vibrations still exist, so the sound still occurs.
Fill your answer in on page 4

13. Since we talked about water in glasses…

14. And strings on a guitar https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERjE22bwFcA