1. Honors World History
Mentionable Monarchs

2. Monarch To-Do List 1 Control Your Armies 2. Officially Collect Taxes
They are enforcers of your law
People will obey you
By the 1600’s there aren’t anymore noblemen, armor, knights. Just peasants w/new fire arms
2. Officially Collect Taxes
Nobles and soldiers
3. Efficient Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy- have to hire people that know what they’re doing. This creates a class of professionals, better bureaucrats.
4. Control of the Nobility
Neutralize their power
5. Control of the Church
Control of the Church, more worldly control

3. Charles V: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
Spain
Absolute Monarch
When Charles became king of Spain, he inherited the Low Countries of Belgium and the Netherlands, along with colonies in the Americas.
1519 Became head of the Holy Roman Empire, acquiring Italy, Austria, various German states
Attempted to crush Protestantism

4. Philip II: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
Spain
Absolute Monarch
Insisted on approving every decision himself
Sought to make all of his territories Roman Catholic
Sent the Duke of Alba set up the Court of Blood
Tortured, executed thousands suspected of being rebels
Revolt dragged on for decades
Invaded England (Spanish Armada)
To stop English from raiding Spanish ships
Also to enforce Catholicism in England

5. Henry IV: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
France
Monarch
Had control of his armies, that’s how he was able to become the king of France
He was able to gain acceptance from France by converting from Protestantism to Catholicism
Henry issued the Edict of Nantes
Eliminated France’s debt and was able to build a surplus
All in ten years

6. Louis XIV: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
France
Absolute Monarch- “I am the state”
Control of Religion- Evokes Edict of Nantes, crushes Huguenots
Demanded to be in charge of the:
Military
Political Affairs
Versailles
Economic Affairs
Being in control of all of these areas deprived the nobility of influence

7. Louis XIV continued Enlarged his army from 70,000 to 200,000
Went to war 4 times
Surrounded himself with a bureaucracy
Treasurer – Jean-Baptiste Colbert

8. Henry VIII: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
England
O0o0o0o0o0o0o0o tough one
More likely to be defined as an absolute monarch
Had control over his armies and the religion of his state because he was reason for the English Reformation
Wanted to make England independent of the pope and increase his personal power
Yet still had to work with parliament when he needed money or even to pass the Act of Supremacy

9. Elizabeth I: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
England
Monarch
More likely to be considered a monarch because of her willingness to work w/Parliament
Called into session 10 times during her 45 years reign
Returned England to Anglican, English Protestant
Didn’t want to share her power with a king so she refused to marry

10. James I: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
England
Monarch
Believed firmly in divine right
James I constantly conflicted with Parliament
Wouldn’t pass most of the Puritans (wanted to “purify” the English Church) requests, he saw them as a threat
He was the one that united the crowns of Scotland and England
Son of Mary Queen of Scots, who Elizabeth killed

11. Charles II: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
England
Monarch
Unlike his father, who attacked parliament and caused the English Civil War
Supported religious toleration for Catholics
Reintroduced some of the things Crowell deemed “distractions”

12. Oliver Cromwell: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
England
Absolute Monarch
Control of armies- Roundheads, how he rose to power
Named himself Lord Protector of England
Surrounded himself with “alike thinkers” Rump Parliament and abolished House of Lords
Enforced religious unity and restrictions

13. Maria Theresa: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
Austria
Monarch
Army and Nobility: She did preserve the empire and win the support of most of her people
Bureaucracy: She strengthened Hapsburg power by reorganizing the bureaucracy
Taxes: Improved tax collection
* mother to Marie Antoinette

14. Frederick II: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
Prussia
Absolute Monarch
Control of his armies:
Expanding territory (Silesia of Austria)
Entered the War of Austrian Succession against Maria Theresa with Spain, France and two German states on his side.
Won the Seven Years War and emerged the most powerful military leader in Europe

15. Catherine the Great: Monarch or Absolute Monarch
Russia
Absolute Monarch
Husband became Czar Peter III but Catherine and many nobles grew angry at his incompetent, weak rule so Catherine seized power and was declared czarina of Russia
westernization
Reformed legal, education systems
Faced war in Poland, where people wanted freedom from Russian influence
Eventually won war, took over half of Poland, territory on Black Sea
Man claiming to be Peter III traveled countryside, leading ragtag army
man captured, beheaded, rebellion put down

16. Peter the Great: Monarch or Absolute Monarch?
Russia
Absolute Monarch
Promoted officials based on service instead of their social status
Westernization
Brought the Church under state control
Control of his armies
Expanded land: acquired St. Petersburg
Some of the military corps wanted to put his sister back on the thrown so he had all of them executed
Expanded Navy, built hundreds of ships