1. Overview Definition Measurements of process capability control
How can Process Capability be used in an organization
This slide present what is going to be covered during this presentation. The presenter gives the general overview of what will be talked about and this is the slide to do so.

2. Overview
A real world example
Exercise
Summary

3. Definition
Process capability is defined as a how likely a product is going to meet the design specification.
It has been argued whether the specifications are actually set by customers or design engineers.
A general definition that is common among firms and is agreed on by most experts.
A survey that was conducted in 1997

4. Measurements of process capability
Most of the times, conventional process capability work quite well, but we have to keep in minds that they will be times when the usual formulas don’t work.
An index that measure potential process capability is used in unusual situation.
Potential process capability is defined as the best a process can do under an ideal operating conditions

5. Measurements of Process Capability
The formula C sub P is the tolerance divided by six standard deviations (also known as sigma)
C sub P = tolerance/6-sigma
Reveals how many six-sigma fits within a specified tolerance
In order for a product to meet specifications, at least % of productions should confirm anticipated operation condition.
Six standard deviation = sigma will be discussed later
Specified tolerance usually means that the limits can not go
lower or higher than 6-sigma from a given mean

6. How Can Process Capability Be Used in an Organization
Basic tools
measurements data
a run chart : a plot of data in order of time
histogram
*Measurement data gives more information than just noting whether or not the product meets specifications
*a run chart is 100% inspection.

7. Measurement of process capability
Population : a collection of all observation of interest to a decision maker.
Sample: a portion of population
population distribution: a distributions of the entire population
sampling distribution: distributions of sample means.
These definitions are given by S. Thomas Foster in “Managing Quality”

8. How to use process capability in an organization
The control chart
bell-shaped curve: as long as all inputs to a process remain constant, the output will always vary
Control chart (the most powerful tool of SPC): a statistical tool used primarily in the quality control area to determine if the process is stable

9. The difference between Stable and capability
A process is capable if a given product meets specifications.
A process is stable if there is a common variation present in the process
The difference between capability and stable is given by S. Thomas Foster

10. The disadvantage of using process capability
Over-correcting: the most common
reducing variation
Over-correcting of a stable process in fewer product meeting specifications and therefore, reducing the overall variability.

11. Factors influencing the tolerance allocation
Statistical aspects of the dimensions and manufacturing processes involved
Assembly requirements and conditions
the cost-tolerance relationship
International Standards Organization's practices for fits.
With these factors, the problem of tolerance allocation reduces to the resolution of a model that minimizes costs and maintains performance criteria.

12. A real world example
Taking an example of a car manufacture company. The process capability will be used if out of cars produced, only 3.4 cars come out defective
This is using the six-sigma method.

13. Exercise
A certain manufacturing process is producing metal washers that have diameters that are known to be normally distributed with mean 1 inch and standard deviation .006 inch. The process is known to be stable and in control. The specifications for these washers are 1 inch +/ What percentage are within specification limits?
P(.99<m<1.01 = .9050
about 90.5% of the washers are within specifications.

14. Summary
We have just reviewed process capability. This process is used in production to determine whether a product meets specification on a consistent basis. Even though they are a lot of complex ways to to figured out process capability, it’s more important to understand the basics before we can get in more details.

15. summary
This presentation has definitely focused on the basics of process capability. It is very important to minimize defects in production if you want to optimize the profit.

16. summary A bibliography used to come up with these slides is as follow;
Hart, M. Quality Tools for Decreasing Variation and Defining Process Capability. V33 n2. Second Quarter 1992, p.6-11.

17. summary
Raouf, A. On developing optimal process capability index. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. V9 n P
Bothe, D. R. Measure process capability when Cp won’t work. Quality. V34 n8. Aug P

18. Summary
Foster, T. S. An integrative approach. Managing Quality P