1. The Scientific Revolution

2. Understand the new scientific method and how it developed.
Lesson 5 The Scientific Revolution
Learning Objectives
Explain how new discoveries in astronomy changed the way people viewed the universe and world around them.
Understand the new scientific method and how it developed.
Identify the contributions that Galileo, Copernicus, Newton, and other scientists made to the Scientific Revolution.

3. The Scientific Revolution
Key Terms
Nicolaus Copernicus
heliocentric
Tycho Brahe
Johannes Kepler
Galileo Galilei
scientific method.
Francis Bacon
René Descartes
hypothesis,
Robert Boyle
Isaac Newton
calculus
gravity

4. Changing Views of the Universe
The Renaissance and the Reformation looked to the past for knowledge. The Renaissance spirit of inquiry led scientists to explore beyond the knowledge of the ancient Greeks.

5. Ptolemy
-ancient Greek astronomer believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe and the sun and stars revolved around it. This was the common belief for the next 1,300 years.

6. Ptolemy Classical Greco-Roman “Renaissance Man”
Believed in a geocentric model of the universe

7. Nicolaus Copernicus
Published On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres just before his death in 1543, triggering the Scientific Revolution.
Proposed a heliocentric model of the universe.

8. Models of the Universe
Heliocentric- Sun centered model of the universe.
Geocentric- Earth centered model of the universe.

9. Milky Way’s Galactic center

10. Geocentric

11. Heliocentric

12. Why did people reject heliocentrism?

13. Tycho Brahe
Recorded positions of heavenly bodies every night for years.
Provided evidence that supported Heliocentrism.

14. Tycho cont.
Had a pet Moose that got drunk, fell down stairs, and died.
Had his nose cut off during a duel. The duel was fought over a math problem.
Wore fake nose made of brass.

15. Johannes Kepler Assistant to Tycho Brahe.
Used Brahe’s data to calculate orbits of planets around the sun.
Showed that planets move in an oval, not a circle.

17. Galileo Galilei Created first true astronomical telescope.
First person to see mountains on the moon.

18. Galileo cont.
Put on trial for his theory that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
Forced to recant under threat of execution.
Said “And yet it moves” as he walked out of trial.

19. Scientific Method
Careful, step by step process used to confirm findings and to prove or disprove a hypothesis.

20. Hypothesis
An educated guess about what will happen after an experiment.

21. Francis Bacon
Englishman who stressed experimentation and observation, wanted advancements in science to make life better for people. Co-father of scientific method.

22. I think, therefore I am, dude
Rene Descartes
Frenchman who emphasized human reasoning as best path to understanding. The other father of scientific method, as well as the father of modern philosophy
I think, therefore I am, dude

23. Renaissance Medicine
Continued study of the human body led to many advancements in medicine.

24. Breakthroughs in Medicine and Chemistry
English surgeon John Banister dissects a corpse to teach students about human anatomy. New approaches to scientific investigation helped to change how physicians learned about the human body.

25. Isaac Newton
Responsible for Laws of Planetary Motion (by age 24), Laws of Gravity, Calculus, etc. Connected math with science.

26. Breakthroughs in Medicine and Chemistry
Exploring Human Anatomy
The Microscope
The New Science of Chemistry
Isaac Newton Links the Sciences