1. World War II ( )

2. Mobilizing the Military
Selective Service Act
5 million volunteers
10 million drafted
Only 8 weeks of training
Expanding the Military
George Marshall: US Army Chief of Staff
Created WAAC (Women’s Air Corps)
Segregated units for minorities

3. Industrial Changes
War Productions Board: consumer products to military products
New workers: women and minorities (Rosie the Riveter)
Office of Scientific Research and Development
Radar, sonar, DDT, Manhattan Project

4. Opportunity and Adjustment
Economic gains (unemployment at 1.2%)
Women- 35% of workforce
Farmers- able to pay off debts
Population shifts (California, Midwest)
Families
Single parent homes
Teenage delinquency
Quick marriages
GI Bill of Rights: education and training for veterans

5. Discrimination Discrimination CORE (Congress on Racial Equality)
James Farmer
Detroit Riots (34 dead)
Mexican Americans
Zoot suit riots
Japanese Americans
Internment Camps: 110,000 people
Korematsu v US: gov’t upheld policy

8. US & Great Britain join forces
FDR & Churchill’s plans
Decided to focus on Germany first
Would accept only unconditional surrender
Battle of the Atlantic
Germany attacking US ships off east coast
US enhanced ship building program

9. Eastern Front German troops attacking USSR
German troops couldn’t continue during winter
USSR held onto Stalingrad and Germany retreated
Considered a turning point of war

11. North Africa Operation Torch Led by General Eisenhower
US pushed Germany/Italy north
Casablanca Conference: planning of D-Day

12. Italy Allies captured Sicily & headed towards Italy
Italians tired of war; forced Mussolini to resign; King of Italy had him arrested
German’s took Italy and released Mussolini
Allies freed Italy after 1 year of fighting; Italians arrested/killed Mussolini

14. D-Day D-Day (June 6, 1944) Largest amphibious invasion in history
Allies attacked Normandy, France
Led by Eisenhower and Patton
Sept: Allies freed France from Germany

16. Battle of the Bulge Oct. 1944 Last major battle with Germany
Allies won

17. The End (Europe) Liberation of concentration camps
FDR died on April 12, 1945
Germany surrendered
April 25, 1945: USSR in Berlin
April 30, 1945: Hitler committed suicide
May 8, 1945: V-E day (Victory in Europe)

19. Pacific Japan advances Conquered most of Pacific by 1942
Defeated Gen. MacArthur in the Philippines

20. First Actions Bombed Tokyo
Battle of Coral Sea (stopped Japan from attacking Australia)

21. Battle of Midway Stopped Japan from advancing to Hawaii
US Admiral: Chester Nimitz
US victory; the avenging of Pearl Harbor
Considered the turning point in the Pacific

23. Military Strategy Island Hopping US bypassed Japanese strong islands
Freed the Philippines
Leyte Gulf: use of kamikazes
Last battles: Iwo Jima and Okinawa

25. The End (Pacific) Manhatten project had already begun
Secret creation of the bomb
Led by J. Robert Oppenheimer
: bomb tested in New Mexico
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
August 6, 1945 & August 9, 1945 (200,000 killed)
Sept 2, 1945: Japan surrendered

28. Rebuilding (Europe/Japan)
Yalta Conference: agreed to establish UN
Nuremburg war trials: Nazi leaders on trial
Occupation of Japan
Led by MacArthur
Focused on economy, government, education