1. Spanish Missions in Texas

3. Mission
Locations

4. Corpus Christi de la Ysleta Mission 1682
Type
Mission
Date Established
1682
Mission Information:
The French had entered the Gulf of Mexico
Oldest Hispanic settlement in Texas
Located a few miles from present-day El Paso

5. The French… 1st threat from France.
1682: La Salle sails down the Mississippi River and claims the land for France.
1685: La Salle & colonists built Fort St. Louis in Texas.
1st threat from France.

6. The Spanish learn of the expedition and begin searching for it.
LaSalle Expedition
New Spanish Policy: establish missions in East TX to convert the Tejas and protect the region from the French.
De Leon and Massanet find the remains of Fort St. Louis and meet the Tejas.
Alonso de Leon (Governor of Texas) and Father Massanet find 2 French survivors.
The Spanish learn of the expedition and begin searching for it.

7. Mission 1690 San Francisco de los Tejas Mission Information:
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1690
Mission Information:
Started by Father Massanet after expedition to destroy Fort St. Louis
Caddo Hasinai: Spanish called them Tejas
Drought and flood ruined crops
Supplies scarce
Indians rejected Catholic religion
Outbreak of disease, & the Tejas blamed the Spanish
Spaniards burned the mission and buried the bells in October of 1693

8. Mission Information: Mission 1699 San Juan Bautista
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1699
2nd threat from France
Mission Information:
Flourishing mission along the Rio Grande known as the “Mother of TX Missions”
Father Hidalgo: priest who writes letter to French Governor Cadillac in Louisiana asking the French to build a mission in East Texas
To check into trade opportunities, Louis de St. Denis was sent to San Juan Bautistia
Along the way, St. Denis established a trading post at Natchitoches

9. Mission Information: Mission 1699 San Juan Bautista
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1699
Mission Information:
Diego Ramon is the commander at the presidio
St. Denis is arrested, but eventually released and marries Manuela (step- granddaughter of Captain Ramon)
Spanish are convinced that the French want to move into Texas. Domingo Ramon sent (with St. Denis as guide) to establish missions in East Texas.

10. Mission
Locations

11. East Texas Missions & Presidio Delores
Many of these missions built under the leadership
of Ramon and St. Denis
Nuestra Padre San Francisco de los Tejas
(re-established)
Mission on Angelina River
Mission in present day Nacogdoches
Northwest Nacogdoches County
Natcitoches (Louisiana)
San Augustine
Presidio Delores built on the Angelina River.

12. Mission
Locations

13. East Texas Missions & Presidio Delores
Problem:
These missions are 500 miles from the
nearest Spanish settlement!

14. Mission
Locations

15. Spain needed a settlement midway between New Spain and East Texas
Mission:
San Antonio de Valero
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1718
Mission:
San Antonio de Bexar
Type:
Presidio
Date Established:
1718
Spain needed a settlement midway between New Spain and East Texas

16. San Antonio de Valero (Alamo) San Antonio de Bexar (presidio)
Mission Information:
Established by the Governor of Texas, Martin de Alarcon
Alamo means: cottonwood
Civil Settlement San Fernando de Bexar started with 15 families from the Canary Islands
Heart of the city of San Antonio today
El Camino Real (Royal Highway) developed from San Juan Bautista thru San Antonio to East Texas

17. Los Adaes 1719: France & Spain go to war
3rd threat from France: Established by Governor Aguayo after French soldiers seized a Spanish mission near Nacogdoches (called the “Chicken War”).

18. Mission Information: Mission 1719 Los Adaes
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1719
Mission Information:
Mission located in Louisiana (near Natchitoches)
This is French territory
First unofficial capital of Texas

19. Mission Information: Presidio 1720 La Bahia Near modern-day Goliad
Type:
Presidio
Date Established:
1720
Mission Information:
Near modern-day Goliad
Presidio is the only remaining Spanish presidio in the Western Hemisphere
Served the Karankawa Indians

20. Presidio La Bahia Goliad, TX

21. Presidio La Bahia Goliad, TX

22. Presidio La Bahia Courtyard

23. Inside mission walls – cannon ramp

24. C A N O

25. Mission
Locations

26. Mission 1720 Mission Information: San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1720
Mission Information:
Most successful Texas mission
Father Antonio Margil de Jesus (priest from San Juan Bautista) requested, after the “Chicken War”, a site in San Antonio for another mission.

27. Jose de Escandon
1st Governor of Spanish area called Nuevo Santander between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River (lower Rio Grande valley). He founded over 20 Spanish towns and villages in this area and is known as the Father of the Lower Rio Grande River Valley.

28. Mission 1757 San Saba Mission Information:
Type:
Mission
Date Established:
1757
Mission Information:
Apaches would not stay in mission:
Came for food
Or to escape the Comanches
Mission destroyed by the Comanche, Caddos, Tonkawas
Mission burned
Killed 3 of the missionaries
Attack ended Spanish attempts to settle in Central Texas

29. 1. How did the conflict between France and Spain affect Texas?

30. 2. How successful were the missions in converting the Native Americans to the Spanish way of life?

31. 3. Identify some examples (at least 2) of Spanish influence on modern-day Texas: