1. Scholastic Dishonesty
As commonly defined, plagiarism consists of passing off as ones own the ideas, work, writings, etc., that belong to another. In accordance with this definition, you are committing plagiarism if you copy the work of another person and turn it in as your own, even if you have the permission of the person. Plagiarism is one of the worst academic sins, for the plagiarist destroys the trust among colleagues without which research cannot be safely communicated. If you have questions regarding plagiarism, please consult the latest issue of the Texas A&M University Student Rules [ under the section Academic Misconduct. Academic Integrity Statement “An Aggie does not lie, cheat, or steal or tolerate those who do.“ Upon accepting admission to Texas A&M University, a student immediately assumes a commitment to uphold the Honor Code, to accept responsibility for learning and to follow the philosophy and rules of the Honor System. Students will be required to state their commitment on examinations, research papers, and other academic work. Ignorance of the rules does not exclude any member of the Texas A&M University community from the requirements or the processes of the Honor System. For additional information please visit: On all course work, assignments, and examinations at Texas A&M University, the following Honor Pledge shall be preprinted and signed by the student: “On my honor, as an Aggie, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this academic work."

2. CPSC-608 Database Systems
Fall 2017
Instructor: Jianer Chen
Office: HRBB 315C
Phone:
Notes 1

3. What is a Database System?
Notes 1

4. What is a Database System?
A database is an organized collection of data. It is the collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other objects.
Notes 1

5. What is a Database System?
A database is an organized collection of data. It is the collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other objects.
A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software 
application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data.
Notes 1

6. What is a Database System?
A database is an organized collection of data. It is the collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other objects.
A database management system (DBMS) is a computer software 
application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data.
Notes 1

7. Two parts about database

8. Two parts about database
purpose
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Understand how DB works
(database principle)

9. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
Understand how DB works
(database principle)

10. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
Understand how DB works
(database principle)
Know better about DB

11. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
necessary
Understand how DB works
(database principle)
Know better about DB

12. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
Help
develop
better DB
necessary
Understand how DB works
(database principle)
Know better about DB

13. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Undergraduate Database
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
You are assumed to know
Help
develop
better DB
necessary
Understand how DB works
(database principle)
Know better about DB

14. Two parts about database
purpose
After the study
Undergraduate Database
Learn how to develop DB
(database design)
Be able to build a DB
You are assumed to know
Help
develop
better DB
necessary
Understand how DB works
(database principle)
Know better about DB
Graduate Database
We are going to study

15. DBMS in tables (relations) lock table DDL language DDL complier file
database
administrator
DDL
complier
lock table
DDL
language
file
manager
logging &
recovery
concurrency
control
transaction
manager
database
programmer
index/file
manager
buffer
manager
DML (query)
language
query
execution
engine
DML
complier
main
memory
buffers
secondary
storage
(disks)
DBMS

16. Database Design DBMS undergraduate database in tables (relations)
administrator
DDL
complier
lock table
DDL
language
file
manager
logging &
recovery
concurrency
control
transaction
manager
database
programmer
Database
Design
index/file
manager
buffer
manager
DML (query)
language
query
execution
engine
DML
complier
main
memory
buffers
secondary
storage
(disks)
DBMS
undergraduate database

17. Database Management System DBMS graduate database in tables
(relations)
database
administrator
DDL
complier
lock table
DDL
language
file
manager
logging &
recovery
concurrency
control
transaction
manager
database
programmer
index/file
manager
buffer
manager
Database
Management System
DML (query)
language
query
execution
engine
DML
complier
main
memory
buffers
secondary
storage
(disks)
DBMS
graduate database

18. Undergraduate Database
A Quick Review on
Undergraduate Database

19. Database Design DBMS undergraduate database in tables (relations)
administrator
DDL
complier
lock table
DDL
language
file
manager
logging &
recovery
concurrency
control
transaction
manager
database
programmer
Database
Design
index/file
manager
buffer
manager
DML (query)
language
query
execution
engine
DML
complier
main
memory
buffers
secondary
storage
(disks)
DBMS
undergraduate database

20. Database Design DBMS undergraduate database database users in tables
(relations)
database
administrator
DDL
complier
lock table
DDL
language
file
manager
logging &
recovery
concurrency
control
transaction
manager
database
programmer
Database
Design
index/file
manager
buffer
manager
DML (query)
language
query
execution
engine
DML
complier
main
memory
buffers
secondary
storage
(disks)
DBMS
undergraduate database

21. Computer for Information Processing

22. Computer for Information Processing
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.

23. Computer for Information Processing
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
CPU
Data in memory

24. Computer for Information Processing
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components:
CPU
Data in memory

25. Computer for Information Processing
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components: data structure,
Data structure

26. Computer for Information Processing
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components: data structure, basic operations
Data structure
+, –, ×, ⁄

27. Computer for Information Processing
Algorithm
(ideas)
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components: data structure, basic operations, algorithm
Data structure
+, –, ×, ⁄

28. Computer for Information Processing
Algorithm
(ideas)
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components: data structure, basic operations, algorithm, and programming language
main(); { …… }
Data structure
+, –, ×, ⁄

29. Computer for Information Processing
Algorithm
(ideas)
General information processing: data are in computer (memory) and users run CPU to process the data.
Information processing is involved in four components: data structure, basic operations, algorithm, and programming language.
Example: programming with Java, C++ etc.
main(); { …… }
Data structure
+, –, ×, ⁄

30. Database is just another model of information processing

31. Database is just another model of information processing
Then why study DB?

32. Database is just another model of information processing
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?

33. Database is just another model of information processing
Data in memory
CPU
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?

34. Database is just another model of information processing
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?

35. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?

36. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?
Operations are simpler & more specific: How do we take advantage of it?
π, σ, ρ,
∩, ⋃, \,
╳, ⋈, ⋈C

37. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?
Operations are simpler & more specific: How do we take advantage of it?
New programming languages for the above.
π, σ, ρ,
∩, ⋃, \,
╳, ⋈, ⋈C
SQL

38. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?
Operations are simpler & more specific: How do we take advantage of it?
New programming languages for the above.
(ACID) Reliability, security, consistency, currency
π, σ, ρ,
∩, ⋃, \,
╳, ⋈, ⋈C
SQL

39. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?
Operations are simpler & more specific: How do we take advantage of it?
New programming languages for the above.
(ACID) Reliability, security, consistency, currency
π, σ, ρ,
∩, ⋃, \,
╳, ⋈, ⋈C
SQL

40. How Should Data be Stored?
Large volume: cannot fit in memory, thus in general stored in disks;

41. How Should Data be Stored?
Large volume: cannot fit in memory, thus in general stored in disks;
Regular files are not organized enough;

42. How Should Data be Stored?
Large volume: cannot fit in memory, thus in general stored in disks;
Regular files are not organized enough;
Hierarchical structure and network structure were considered, but became less popular;

43. How Should Data be Stored?
Large volume: cannot fit in memory, thus in general stored in disks;
Regular files are not organized enough;
Hierarchical structure and network structure were considered, but became less popular;
Table structures (2-dimensional arrays) are currently the most popular model (relational model);

44. How is Information Represented?
How can everything be given by tables?

45. How is Information Represented?
How can everything be given by tables?
Well, information consists of objects/items and relationships among items;

46. How is Information Represented?
How can everything be given by tables?
Well, information consists of objects/items and relationships among items;
An item has certain properties, which can be listed in a row. Thus, a collection of similar items can be given as a table, one row for an item;

47. How is Information Represented?
How can everything be given by tables?
Well, information consists of objects/items and relationships among items;
An item has certain properties, which can be listed in a row. Thus, a collection of similar items can be given as a table, one row for an item;
A relationship can be given by listing each item group that satisfies the relationship;

48. How is Information Represented?
How can everything be given by tables?
Well, information consists of objects/items and relationships among items;
An item has certain properties, which can be listed in a row. Thus, a collection of similar items can be given as a table, one row for an item;
A relationship can be given by listing each item group that satisfies the relationship;
High-level representation of information (E-R Diagram: read Chapter 4)

49. Table structures (terminologies)
Information is stored in tables (≡ relations);
Each column of a table is an attribute, with an attribute name;

50. Table structures (terminologies)
Information is stored in tables (≡ relations);
Each column of a table is an attribute, with an attribute name;
A database is a collection of relations;

51. Table structures (terminologies)
Information is stored in tables (≡ relations);
Each column of a table is an attribute, with an attribute name;
A database is a collection of relations;
An example table (Account):
Account No.
Balance
Type
12345
20,520
checking
23456
1,000,000 CD
34567 26
savings
45678
7,023

52. Table structures (terminologies)
A relation schema gives the name of the relation and its attributes;

53. Table structures (terminologies)
A relation schema gives the name of the relation and its attributes;
A database schema gives the schemas for all relations in the database;

54. Table structures (terminologies)
A relation schema gives the name of the relation and its attributes;
A database schema gives the schemas for all relations in the database;
Schemas affects how the data is stored;

55. Table structures (terminologies)
A relation schema gives the name of the relation and its attributes;
A database schema gives the schemas for all relations in the database;
Schemas affects how the data is stored;
Database schemas are given and altered using database definition language (DDL);

56. Table structures (terminologies)
A relation schema gives the name of the relation and its attributes;
A database schema gives the schemas for all relations in the database;
Schemas affects how the data is stored;
Database schemas are given and altered using database definition language (DDL);
Only database administrator can use DDL.

57. What is a good DB schema?

58. What is a good DB schema?
What is a good table structure? Fat or thin?

59. What is a good DB schema? What is a good table structure? Fat or thin?
More important: how can tables guarantee information consistency?

60. What is a good DB schema? What is a good table structure? Fat or thin?
More important: how can tables guarantee information consistency?
There is a beautiful theory (functional dependency) for constructing a good database schema;

61. What is a good DB schema? What is a good table structure? Fat or thin?
More important: how can tables guarantee information consistency?
There is a beautiful theory (functional dependency) for constructing a good database schema;
Read Chapter 3.

62. Database is just another model of information processing
(in disks)
Then why study DB?
Much more data, regular data techs would be very inefficient: How should data be stored?
Operations are simpler & more specific: How do we take advantage of it?
New programming languages for the above.
(ACID) Reliability, security, consistency, currency
π, σ, ρ,
∩, ⋃, \,
╳, ⋈, ⋈C
SQL