1. 2 families: - Molossidae - Vespertilionidae
Chiroptera
2 families:
- Molossidae
- Vespertilionidae

2. Bat Anatomy

3. CALCAR
The calcar, also known as the calcaneum, is the name given to a spur of cartilage arising from inner side of ankle and running along part of outer interfemoral membrane in bats, This is to help spread the interfemoral membrane, which is part of the wing membrane between the tail and the hind legs. This membrane can form a basket or pouch to help catch and hold insects captured in flight. The oldest known ancestor to present day bats, Icaronycteris index, apparently did not have a calcar or spur as evidenced by fossil remains.

4. TRAGUS SHAPE

5. Molossidae Brazilian Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida braziliensis)
Tail extends beyond uropatagium

6. Vespertilionidae Red Bat (Lasiurus borealis) Short, Rounded Ears
Beautiful Red Fur (females duller)
Uropatagium well furred

7. Vespertilionidae Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) *Not Required
Fur is 4-banded, heavily frosted
Nose and ears black
Yellow fur around Face
Uropatagium well furred

8. Vespertilionidae Eastern Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus subflavus)
Face and Ears pinkish brown
Tragus broad at base
Fur Tricolor – roots dark, tips buffy
Calcar Unkeeled

9. Vespertilionidae Big Brown Bat (Eptesicus fuscus)
Facial Skin and Ears Blackish
Fur dark but can be light brown
Tragus blunt and slightly curved
Calcar Keeled, tail extends beyond uropatagium

11. Vespertilionidae Little Brown Myotis (Myotis lucifugus)
Fur on back glossy, yellow-brown
Belly buff yellow
Tragus straight, narrow, not sharply pointed
*Calcar unkeeled
*Hair on toes extend beyond claws

12. Vespertilionidae Indiana Myotis (Myotis sodalis)
Fur on back dull, brown or gray-brown
Belly buffy
*Skin around eyes pinkish
*Tragus narrow, not sharply pointed
*Calcar slightly keeled
*Toes sparsly haired

13. Vespertilionidae Keen’s Myotis (Myotis keenii)* Typical Myotis
Very long ears and tragus
Tragus pointed

14. Vespertilionidae Gray Myotis (Myotis grisescens)*
Fur short and same grayish color from root to tip
Medium sized ears; long, pointed tragus
Plagiopatagium attaches to ankle
Large Feet

15. Vespertilionidae Eastern Small-footed Myotis (Myotis leibii)*
Golden brown fur, Black mask and ears
Small Foot, Keeled Calcar

16. Vespertilionidae Silver-haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)*
Black hair that is frosted with silver
Black face and ears
Hair on uropatagium
Pale patch at base of ears

17. Vespertilionidae Evening Bat (Nycticeius humeralis)*
Short/Blunt and slightly curved tragus
Calcar not keeled
Legs short and stocky
Small Eptesicus
-One upper incisor

18. Vespertilionidae Rafinesque’s Big-eared Bat (Plecotus rafinesquii)*
Huge ears
Fleshy lumps on each side of the snout
Fur gray on dorsal, white on ventral side