1. The Civil Service Examination Preparatory Institutes in Noryangin Neighborhood
The Life Styles, Interpersonal Networks, and Survival Strategies of Young People

2. A History of the Civil Service Examination
The “Gwagoe” System for the Recruitment of Government Officials
The Origin
The Sui Dynasty of China ( )
Continued to Qing Dynasty
The Silla Dynasty (King Wonseong,788) adopted the system with a limited success due to the caste system
The Koryeo Dynasty
The Literati
Technical
The Yi Dynasty
Literati
Military

3. The Civil Service Examination
The Japanese Colonial Administration
Judiciary
Administrative
Diplomacy
Very limited number of Koreans passed the examinations
The Passers of the Examination
Opportunities for Appointment
Labelling of the Passers after the Liberation

4. The Civil Service Examination Since 1945
The Judiciary Examination
The Bar Examination,
The Judiciary Examination Section of the Civil Service Examination,
The Judiciary Examination,
The Two-Year Training Program for the Passers before Acquiring the License
The Importance of the Academic Performance in the Two-Year Training Program for Appointment as Judges and Prosecutors

5. The Judiciary Examination
The Required Subjects
First Stage (Multiple Choice Type)
Constitutional Laws
Civil Laws
Criminal Laws
One of Three Areas: Penal Policy, International Laws, or Labor Laws
Second Stage (Essay Type)
Administrative Laws
Civil Laws Litigation
Commercial Laws
Criminal Laws Litigation

6. The Judiciary Examination
Third Stage Examination
An Interview Type
Awareness of the Ethics
Articulation of Personal Opinion
Ability of Application
High, Middle, and Low Grade in Each Subject
An Average of Middle is Required to Pass
If a Majority of the Interview Examination Committee gives “Low” in Any of the Subjects the Applicant Fails the Examination

7. The Judiciary Examination Takers and Passers
Total Number of Examination Takers
First Stage Third Stage
Year Exam Takers Exam Passers

8. The Judiciary Examination Statistics
Total Number of Examination Takers
708,276
Total Number of Passers
20,728
Passing Rate: 2.9%
Proportion of Female Passers
1990: 4.02%
2000: 18.8
2010: 41.5
2016: 36.7
The Law School System Was Introduced in 2007
The End of the Judiciary Examination System in 2017

9. The Administrative Examination
The Civil Service Examination
The first Examination in 1948
Judiciary Examination
Administrative Examination
The Civil Service Examination in 1974
Diplomacy Examination
Technical Examination
Subjects of the First Stage Examination
Public Service Aptitude Test
Language and Logical Reasoning
Analysis of Data and Information
Understanding of Situation and Problem Solving
English, Korean History, and Consitution

10. The Administrative Examination
The Subjects of the Second Stage Examination varies by Job Category
Administrative Laws
Public Administration
Economics
Political Science
Others
The Third Stage
An Interview
Passing Rate: 70% of the Second Stage Passers

11. The Noryangjin Cram Schools
A History of the Cram Schools in Noryangjin
The Government’s Population Dispersion Policy in 1978
Relocation of the Major Cram Schools for the College Admission (Scholastic Ability Test) from the Jongno to Noryangjin Area
Daeseong Institute
Daeyang Institute
Samsung Institute
Sangahtap Institute
Seongji Institute

12. Changes in Noryangjin
The Rise and Fall of the Cram Schools for the SAT Preparation
The Rise,
The Fall, Mid 1990s-
The fall was due to the emergence of Daechidong Cram Schools
The Rising Demand of the Cram Schools for the Civil Service Examination Preparation
The Replacement of the Old Specialty by the New Specialty Cram Schools

13. The Emergence of the Cram Schools for Civil Service Examination Preparation
The Impact of the Financial Meltdown in 1997 on the Labor Market in Korea
Bankruptcies, Mergers, and Acquisitions of Large Business Firms
Disappearance of the Life-time Employment
Rising Concerns about Job Security
Increasing Popularity of the Public Sector Jobs
The Public Sector Organizations Utilize the Formal Examination System for the Recruitment of New Employees
The Rise of the Cram Schools for Civil Service Examination Preparation

14. The Cram Schools in Noryangjin
The Programs
The Examination for the Government Jobs at 7th
The Examination for the 8th, and 9th Grade Jobs
The Police Officers Examination
The Test for Firemen’s Jobs
The Cost
$230 ~$400/ two months minimum
The Daily Schedule of Classes
“Mandatory” vs. “Self-Determination”
The reputation of the Schools and Instructors

15. The Subcultures of Noryangjin
The Diversity of the Participants
College Students
Graduates
Individuals who are planning to change their careers
The Life Styles
Commuters
One Room Tenant
The Dinning
Restaurants
The Street Food
“Cup Rice”

16. The Subculture The Dress Code The Shoes The Study Rooms
The Interactions at Coffee Shops and Restaunrants
The Social Network and Information System
The Life Style of Young People at the Cram Schools

17. Discussion
The Possible Impact of the President Moon’s Proposal of Creating 810,000 New Jobs in the Public Sectors
Pros and Cons
The Changing Values of the Young Cohorts on their Professional Careers
The Possible Influence of the Changing Values of the Young People on the Roles of Institutions of Higher Education in Korea
The Culture of Happiness and Jobs