1. SESSION 11
PLANNING FOR THE ADOPTION OF ELECTRONIC DATA COLLECTION TECHNOLOGIES
as presented
By Jimmy MUKASA
Director of ICT NISR
During UN Regional Workshop on the 2020 World Programme on Population and Housing Censuses: International Standards and Contemporary Technologies at Dar-es-Salaam, Republic of Tanzania from 29 May to 1 June 2017

2. PAST EXPERIENCE AND PLAN:
700 Devices in use under 3 surveys: EICV5, USAS, CPI
Do not trust time when it comes to procurement
PLAN: 28,000 smart phones to be acquired for 2022 Rwanda Housing and Population Census. Estimated cost on a later slide
After, these can be used as follows:
Used for CRVS and other administrative data capture
Given to enumerators at lower price
Sold on auction
Used by another country
This will be decided later
Staffing: Mixture of IT and NON-IT in teams

3. USE OF MULTIMODE DATA COLLECTION METHOD:
Problematic due to disparities in raw data
Enumerators have backup questionnaire to use in case of abrupt technical problem of the digital device in current surveys
Even this might be impractical for census

4. ADVANTAGES OF USING CAPI:
Cost
Time
Quality
Environmental friendly

5. ADVANTAGES: Cost benefits
Printing of not only questionnaires but (colored) maps
Transport of questionnaire back to central office
Scanning/data entry: clerks salary, computers, room
Storage space (often forgotten but more costly)

6. ADVANTAGES: Time benefits No data entry period Analysis starting
No much cleanings and all those struggles

7. Quality benefits (Cost effectiveness ≠ less cost )
ADVANTAGES:
Quality benefits (Cost effectiveness ≠ less cost )
Quality check control
Enumerator GPS control
Quick feedback
User group with same devices
Possibility of modifying questionnaires live

8. Environmental friendly
ADVANTAGES:
Environmental friendly
Paper industry pollute the air using protective matter as raw material
Printing machines are pollutant (there are other emissions we do not see from the machines) and ink cartridges is pollutant during both production and consumption
Vehicle transporting papers are pollutant

9. Confidence and cooperation of interviewed:
ADVANTAGES:
Confidence and cooperation of interviewed:
Interrogated people are worried about the confidentiality of the information. When digital devices are used interviewed have expressed the augmented trust on information control.

10. DISADVANTAGES: Jobless data entry clerks: how to solve it
Management of devices against theft and damage
Anonymity and confidentiality at loss of device
Data backup
Extra time at training session
Extra technical assistance or training of data capture form programmer
Higher budget at beginning
Plan to share devices between survey for cost effectiveness

11. HARDWARE SPECS DESIGN: NOT THAT MUCH EASY; DO NOT GO HIGHER THAT NEEDED
Operating system: Android vs Windows vs IOS
Processor: not an issue
Screen size (smart phone vs tablet)
RAM size: decisive factor
Screen protection: very important
Power bank: yes vs no ??
GPS accuracy: should be as much high as possible
Camera resolution: should be low!

12. Sample technical specification: Tablet for National Labor Force Survey
MINIMUM Technical Specification for Tablet Computers
Quantity: 150
Processor: CPU: Quad-core 1.3 GHz, GPU: To be specified by bidder
Memory: RAM Size (GB): 2 GB; Storage: 4 GB
OS: Android latest version
Display: 7"-11" range, touchscreen with keyboard, 1200 x 800 pixels resolution
Battery: Supports 10 hours of average usage e.g. data collection and transmission using CSEntry
Communication: Wi-Fi a/b/g/n; Bluetooth 4.0; 2G GSM; 3G WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA+, LTE, USB data transfer, USB charge
Navigation: Imbedded Geographic Positioning System (GPS) with assistance (A-GPS)
Imbedded cameras: Rear: 5 MP, LED Flash, Geo-tagging, autofocus, HDR; Front: 2 MP
Accessories: Cover, Glass screen protector and power charger; to be specified by bidder
Weight: To be specified by bidder
Operating temperature and altitude: Rwanda environment

13. SOFTWARE DESIGN AND STAFF CAPACITY
Involves outsourcing of experts to code the questionnaire
Surveys need more expertise but censuses may be handled by local staff with experience in data entry application design using windows
Rwanda signed contract with US Census bureau for training on CSPro for Android among else and the conduction of training sessions have just started this month
NISR hired an expert to assist in developing CAPI applications and he is tasked also to conduct training to data processing officer;
One question per screen vs several
PHP, etc…; CSPro vs ODK vs WB Survey solution: With CSEntry, CSPro still rocks.

14. SUMMARY HARDWARE PLANNING
SUYVEY
CENSUS
HIGH
LOW
SIZE OF HARDWARE I.E UNIT COST
NUMBER OF DEVICES
This:
Balances budget for the two cases
Impacts so much management of devices the fate after use
Server specification: Datasets are light, mind rather about power and connectivity 24/7 availability:: Use of cloud VM or Laptop PC.

15. SUMMARY HARDWARE PLANNING
RAM SIZE; Screen size
ESTIMATED UNIT PRICE IN USD +Accessories
TYPICAL USE
1 GB; 5.5” 80
Establishment Census; CRVS
2 GB; 8.3”
300
Labor Force Survey, Housing and Population Census
3 GB; 8.3”
550
EICV, DHS, SAS
Cost estimate for 2022 HPC: 8.4 Million USD, therefore need for redesign to lower the cost

16. ACQUISITION OF HARDWARE: BUYING VS HIRING
Hiring is difficult because suppliers do not have that under their business plan and customers trust very less second hand gadgets
Buying leads to:
Keeping
Selling
Transferring
Either way care must be taken to secure data confidentiality

17. HARDWARE MANAGEMENT: Screen protector
Dedicated ICT staff for management and monitoring
Use of tracking tools to fight theft
Cooperation with police anti cyber crime unit
Contract article binding enumerator to pay loss and damage

18. PLANNING FOR DATA TRANSMISSION: CENTRAL SERVER AND NETWORKING
Send by Bluetooth for Local verification and concatenation in case of enumerators in teams
Public IP and the service provider
Which FTP server software
One server vs several
Public vs private data center cloud
Internal transfer and access
Backup

19. CENTRAL OFFICE DATA PROCESSING SERVER
PLANNING FOR DATA TRANSMISSION: CENTRAL SERVER AND NETWORKING
ENUMERATOR
1: Use of Bluetooth 2: Use of GSM, 2G can do the work with difficulty 3: Use of Intranet or Extranet 1
TEAM LEADER 2 3
CENTRAL DOWNLOAD
/UPLOAD SERVER
CENTRAL OFFICE DATA PROCESSING SERVER

20. DATA SECURITY: CIA FTP Offer encryption Service provider can set VPN
Configure strong firewall settings especially at the central server OS level
Research on how to remotely delete or encrypt data upon device theft, difficult but possible to keep it encrypted on the handheld device before device theft

21. INTEGRATION OF MAPS
EA Maps are available and updated on download/upload server folder ready for download by devices the same way as they update application

22. THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION!