2. Quantum State of the Union

3. Why a Retreat?

4. Why a Center?

5. Transforming Caltech Quantum Science
Pre-historic: Feynman, Thorne, …
Pre-millennial: Preskill (1983), Vahala (1986), Kimble (1989), Yeh (1989), Eisenstein (1996)
Theory: Schulman (2000), Kitaev (2002), Refael (2005), Motrunich (2006), Y. Chen (2007), Alicea (2012), X. Chen (2014), Vidick (2014), Brandão (2016)
Experiment: Painter (2002), Adhikari (2006), Schwab (2009), Hsieh (2012), Faraon (2012), Rosenbaum (2014), Nadj-Perge (2016), Endres (2016)

6. All cite IQIM as a positive factor in decision.
Jason Alicea, 2012
Quantum Matter
Theory
(Physics)
David Hsieh, 2012
Quantum Matter
Experiment
(Physics)
Andre Faraon, 2012
Quantum Optics
Experiment
(Applied Physics)
Xie Chen, 2014
Quantum Matter
Theory
(Physics)
Thomas Vidick, 2014
Quantum Information
Theory
(Computer Science)
Manuel Endres, 2016
Quantum Optics
Experiment
(Physics)
Fernando Brandão, 2016
Quantum Information
Theory
(Physics)
Stevan Nadj-Perge, 2016
Quantum Matter
Experiment
(Applied Physics)
All cite IQIM as a positive factor in decision.
5 of the last 9 Physics hires. (Not counting Tom Rosenbaum (2014)).

7. How the IQIM Happened
: Institute for Quantum Information (IQI)
2010: Center for Exotic Quantum Systems (CEQS)
2011: NSF Physics Frontiers Center
53 pre-proposals, 17 full proposals, 11 reverse site visits. 4 centers renewed, 1 new center funded (us).
5 years, $12.6M + $5M from Moore Foundation

8. 23 Professorial Faculty, Two Divisions
PMA Division
Physics: 15 (+ 1 UCSB)
9 theorists, 7 experimentalists
(Total Physics Professorial Faculty: 40)
EAS Division
Applied Physics: 5 experimentalists
Computer Science: 2 theorists

9. entanglement frontier!
Challenging the
entanglement frontier!
Quantum Information
Quantum Matter
Surface-spin
Quantum Optics
Mechanical Quantum Systems
1 atom

10. Four “Major Activities”
MA1: Quantum Information
Brandão, X. Chen, Kitaev, Preskill, Refael, Schulman, Vidick,
MA2: Quantum Matter
Theory: Alicea, X. Chen, Kitaev, Fisher, Motrunich, Refael. Experiment: Eisenstein, Endres, Hsieh, Nadj-Perge, Rosenbaum, Yeh
MA3: Quantum Optics
Endres, Faraon, Kimble, Painter, Vahala
MA4: Mechanical Quantum Systems
Adhikari, Y. Chen, Painter, Schwab, Vahala

11. Annenberg
Watson
Steele
Bridge
Sloan
Downs
Cahill

12. What’s Coming? Renewal pre-proposal due 1 August 2016
Full proposal due 30 January 2017
Reverse Site Visit May 2017
Next funding cycle would begin fall 2017
Other PFCs competing for renewal:
Center for Ultracold Atoms (CUA)
JILA PFC
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics (KICP)
Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP)
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter (IQIM)

13. NSF Structure PHY (Physics Division):
oversees Physics Frontiers Centers
vs.
DMR (Division of Materials Research):
oversees most condensed matter research

14. Things that seem to be going well
Faculty recruitment.
Retention of senior faculty.
New directions due to young faculty.
Successful interactions across research groups.
Enthusiasm for IQIM from students, postdocs.
Post-IQIM success of students and postdocs.
Broad involvement in Outreach.
Annual retreat.
Caltech commitment to IQIM fundraising.

16. Quantum Summit, Caltech, 27 January 2016 IQIM YouTube Channel
Jennifer Ouellette
Gizmodo
Jim Clarke
Intel
Parsa Bonderson
Microsoft
Ray Laflamme
IQC
Harmut Neven
Google
Charles Bennett
IBM
Ray Beausoleil HP
Quantum Summit, Caltech, 27 January 2016
IQIM YouTube Channel

17. NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report
The panel is unanimous in its view that the IQIM is functioning as one of the very top places in the world for research in quantum information and matter, in both theory and experiment. The Institute is effectively governed by its director and the internal steering committee. The students, postdocs, and junior faculty are all positive about their experiences at IQIM. The outreach efforts are unusually strong. The panel is impressed
with the high level of institutional support and Caltech’s commitment to raise private funds for quantum science. Having looked carefully, we see no areas of concern that would have bearing on a one-year extension. The panel strongly recommends funding the one-year supplement.
NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report

18. NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report
[MA-1] is characterized by cutting-edge research over a wide range of areas…The work is highly visible to the quantum-computing community beyond Caltech.
[MA-2] has done outstanding research at the forefront of correlated and topological states of matter…if funded for an additional year, the IQIM will undertake some exciting directions of research.
[MA-3/4] investigators are clearly leaders in the areas of quantum optics and quantum mechanical systems, and have made outstanding research progress during the IQIM funding period…it is apparent that IQIM will continue this success in the future.
In the education and outreach area, the IQIM is “off the charts” in a good way.
NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report

19. NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report
Beyond the outstanding research accomplishments of the IQIM investigators, the center clearly fosters a cohesiveness among its members…The panel noted evidence of a number of synergistic effects enabled by the center…IQIM funds provide the investigators with the flexibility to pursue high-impact but riskier research directions.
NSF 2016 Site Visit Panel Report

20. Discuss Scientific ambitions, common research interests
Grand challenges, reachable goals
Enhancing interactions
What are our transformative achievements?
What’s our brand?
Interaction with industry?
Diversity, Mentoring, Outreach …
Retreat format and participation

21. Some quantum science grand challenges
(Last year’s discussion)
-- SPT phases and real materials.
-- Gapless phases.
-- Experimental signatures of topological phases.
-- Ephemeral phases / stroboscopic imaging.
-- Classical applications of quantum materials.
-- Experimental systems with strong long-range interactions.
-- Testing quantum mechanics.
-- Experimental explorations of quantum measurement.
-- Better methods for (classically) simulating 2D and 3D strongly correlated systems.
-- Quantum memories with very long storage times.
-- Thermalization, MBL, foundations of quantum stat. mech. -- Nanoscale thermodynamics.
-- Entanglement area law.
-- Emergent geometry and quantum entanglement.

22. New Directions (Experiment)
-- Probing hidden order in cuprates and iridates (Hsieh).
-- Building atomic structures on surfaces of superconductors (Nadj-Perge).
-- Atom-by-atom assembly of many-body systems in optical tweezers (Endres).
-- Quantum simulation and error correction with superconducting circuits (Painter).
-- Waveguide QED (Kimble / Painter).
-- Superfluid helium as an optomechanical system (Schwab).

23. New Directions (Theory)
-- Simulating thermal states of quantum systems on a quantum computer (Brandão).
-- Classical algorithms for many-body quantum systems (Vidick).
-- Loop braiding statistics in three dimensions (X. Chen).
-- Quantum information and holography (Kitaev / Preskill).
-- Quantum cognition (Fisher).
-- Topolaritons, floquet systems (Refael).
-- Majorana roadmap (Alicea).

24. Themes Scaling up quantum systems Topological matter Quantum dynamics
Precision quantum measurement(?)
???

25. Frontiers of Physics short distance long distance complexity
Higgs boson
Neutrino masses
Supersymmetry
Quantum gravity
String theory
Large scale structure
Cosmic microwave background
Dark matter
Dark energy
Gravitational waves
“More is different”
Many-body entanglement
Phases of quantum matter
Quantum computing
Quantum spacetime

26. ???
Quantum Supremacy!

27. APS Topical Group on Quantum Information
(Founded Membership is 57% students.)

29. Additional Slides

30. Quantum Error Correction
-- Codes for small superconducting circuits.
-- Continuous-variable codes for microwave resonators.
-- Physically robust encodings in superconducting circuits.
-- Majorana fermions and beyond.
-- Holographic quantum error-correcting codes.