1. Defensive Driving
Chapter 5

2. Preview chapter 5 topics
Road rage & driving distractions
Safe distance & following distance
Road conditions
Driving situations
Reacting to driving problems
Vehicle failure
PRESENT posters

3. Prevent a Collision
Accident prevention formula 1. Be alert 2. Be prepared 3. Act in time

4. Do Now
What actions could most likely lead to road rage?

5. Aggressive Driving
Progression of unlawful driving actions including altering the
Altering the speed of a vehicle
making improper lane changes
disregarding traffic control devices
failing to yield the right of way
tailgating.
Extreme cases of aggressive driving leads to road rage

6. Road rage
Road rage- motorists lose their tempers or become frustrated because of a traffic disturbance
more likely to cause a collision
Examples: run stop signs & red lights, speed, tailgate, weave through traffic, pass illegally, improper/unsafe lane changes, make hand or face gestures, scream, honk horns, flash high beams, *cause collision
*Have you ever experiences someone with road rage?
Christmas Vacation

7. ACTIVITY Get into groups of 5
Discuss and write a situation that can result in a driver becoming aggressive/angry based off of the examples we discussed.
Write how you could react to the aggressive driving.
Act out in front of class
106 – 109 Drive Right

8. Summarizer
In extreme cases, an aggressive driver might do what?

9. Answer
Cause an accident

10. Activity Road Rage Raps Criteria for Success My rap/poem includes…
What aggressive driving is
5 examples of aggressive driving
What road rage is
Examples of road rage
How you would react to someone with road rage
3 verses
A chorus (at least twice)
A title
Typed final draft
Participation from each group member in writing and performance (sing, dance, sound, props)
Creativity & enthusiasm

11. Do now
What are some things that could lead to distracted driving?

12. Answer Adjusting the radio
Using a cellular phone or any other electronic device
Eating

13. Distractions
*In many cases, collisions are caused by a distracted motorist
Lighting a cigarette
Fasten seatbelt
Reaching to grab something
Getting $ for tolls
Watching children or pets in vehicle
Reading
Eating
Adjusting mirror
Cell phones
Adjusting radio
Applying makeup
Shaving Robbinsville

14. Distractions Have you ever seen a distracted driver on the road?
Have you ever been in the car with a distracted driver?
Cell phone/electronics?
Talking?
Children/pets in vehicle?
Reaching to grab something?

15. Distractions videos Texting Don't Text and Drive
ATT - It Can Wait *Texting while driving is involved in 200,000+ vehicle crashes each year, often causing injuries and deaths.*
State Farm
Steer Clear
 Pt. 2
 Steer Clear

16. OBJ: Identify roadway conditions and driving situations
Do now
When are road surfaces the MOST slippery?

17. The first few minutes of a rainfall Why?
Answer
The first few minutes of a rainfall
Why?
Moisture mixes with oil and dust that hasn’t been washed away

18. Highway Hypnosis Highway hypnosis
Trance like state that may be avoided by not looking at any one thing for more than a few seconds
How to avoid it?
Not looking at any one object
Can not drive well and reaction time is reduced
A tired driver can be as dangerous as a drunk driver
*Maggie's Law* – 2003 illegal to knowingly drive a vehicle while impaired by lack of sleep

19. Highway Hypnosis Drowsy driving – who is at risk? Sleep deprived
Driving long distances
Driving through the night
Taking medicine
Driving alone
Driving long rural roads
Shift workers
Commercial drivers

20. Communicating
Communicate with motorists by all available means and signals. Always stay in the lane that shows where you intend to turn.
Turn signals
Hand signals
Eye contact
Horn
Flip head lights quickly

21. Safe Distance
One Car Length Method- For every 10mph you are traveling, leave one car length between you and the car you are following
(Ex. 5 car lengths if traveling at 50 mph
Three Second Rule- Keep 3 seconds of distance between you and the car you are following.
1. Pick a fixed object ahead of you.
2. When the car in front of you passes that object—begin counting.
3. If it takes at least 3 seconds for you to reach that object you are at a safe following distance.

22. Following Distance Road Condition 20 mph 30 mph 40 mph 50 mph Ideal
2 car lengths 3 4 5
Wet
4 car lengths 6 8 10
Gravel
Packet snow
6 car lengths 9 12
Ice
12 car lengths 18

23. Road Conditions WET ROADS Drive more slowly
Road surfaces are the MOST slippery the first few minutes of a rainfall
When driving through puddles expect your car to pull in the direction the puddle is on. Pump your brakes after driving through one to dry them out.
After driving through a puddle test your brakes

24. Road Conditions HYDROPLANING
When your tires ride on a film of water and lose contact with the road surface.
Begins to occur at 35 mph
Between 35 and 55 mph the tires begin to lose contact.
At reaching 55+ mph tires lose all contact with the road.
In a heavy rainstorm, try to drive on the highest point of the road
hydroplaning

25. Road Conditions
SNOW AND ICE Potential dangers include longer night hours, fog, rain, snow, sleet and ice. Necessary precautions include: a) Allowing a proper warm up. b) Remove all ice and snow from your car (you may be liable if ice falls off of your car and causes either and injury or property damage). c) Get the feel of the road- start slow d) Snow tires (studded tires legal from (Nov. 15th – April 1st). e) When starting to move keep engine speed slow- spinning wheels will cause you to skid. ABS- keep foot on brake pedal and don’t pump brakes Conventional- firm, steady pressure on the brake pedal.

26. Other Road Conditions REDUCED VISIBILITY
Frost/Ice- scrape, wipe all windows, turn on defroster
Fog- use low beams; use pavement markings and other vehicle lights as guides.
Sun Glare- adjust sun visors or wear sun glasses; slow down
NO Matter What the REASON- STOP If you cannot see!!

27. Other Road Conditions NIGHT DRIVING
90 % of driving decisions are based on what a motorist sees while driving. At night, a motorists vision is reduced.
To drive safely at night…
Slow down and drive within the range of the vehicles headlights (if you need to suddenly break, you have enough time to do so)
Don’t over drive your headlights (350 for low beams/500 for high beams).
Use lights when required by law.
Allow more:
a) Of a space cushion.
b) Distance to complete a stop.

28. Other Road Conditions NIGHT DRIVING CONT. Keep: Alert and awake.
Your windshield clean inside and out.
Dash light low to avoid affecting your vision
Your headlights clean.
Don’t look directly at an oncoming car lights- shift your eyes down and toward the center of your lane.
Dim lights to low beams for on coming traffic
Use parking or emergency lights if you have to park on a highway shoulder.
Be sure you can stop – within the distance you can see ahead

29. Driving Situations
CITY DRIVING More traffic and distractions; try to look at least 12 sec. ahead (about 1 city block). Drive more slowly and be careful for pedestrians HIGHWAY DRIVING Faster speeds/less time to react; easier to lose focus (including highway hypnosis) SECONDARY ROAD DRIVING- hills, bridges, hazards Usually only 2 lanes; sharper turns and hills; limited sight; animals.

30. Driving Situations RESIDENTIAL
More children/pedestrians are present; delivery vehicles.
CONSTRUCTION
Lane changes; slow moving vehicles; detours, temporary traffic devices including flagmen. **fines doubled**

31. summarizer
To maintain the proper following distance when driving, you should remain how far behind the vehicle in front of you?

32. Answer
At least 3 seconds

33. Activity
Complete Road Rage raps

34. OBJ: Identify collisions and reacting to driving problems
Do now:
Your car has gone into a skid. What do you do?

35. Answer Take foot off gas
turn the wheel in the direction the rear of the car is going (into the skid)

36. Reacting to Driving Problems
IGNITION SYSTEM
A motorist in an emergency situation many attempt to turn off the vehicle while it’s still in motion.
Never turn the ignition to lock position while the vehicle is in motion.
The steering will lock and the motorist will lose control of the vehicle.
Permits key removal only when in park

37. Reacting to Driving Problems
SKIDS
CAUSES?
Sudden turns / lane changes
Hard braking
More common on wet and/or icy roads
HOW DO YOU HANDLE IT?
Foot off of accelerator
Steer in direction rear end is heading (into the skid)
Look in the direction you want to go
*If the rear end of the vehicle starts to slide, take your foot off the gas pedal
*A vehicle may spin if the steering wheel is quickly turned away from the direction of the skid

38. Reacting to Driving Problems
EMERGENCY STOPS
KEEP SEVERAL BASIC POINTS IN MIND
Pull over as far as you can
Make yourself and car as visible as possible
PULLING OVER
Paved shoulder: Allows you to pull over at or near traffic speed
Unpaved shoulder: Slow to a safe speed before pulling over!

39. Reacting to Driving Problems
EMERGENCY STOPS
VISIBILITY!
Turn on lights/emergency flashers
Raise hood
Flares/warning instruments
Tie a white cloth to the antenna or left door handle as a signal, if help is needed
MAKE YOURSELF AS VISIBLE AS POSSIBLE!

40. Reacting to Driving Problems
RUNNING OFF THE PAVEMENT
If a vehicles wheel’s drift onto the shoulder of the road, do not try to turn back onto the pavement right away. This could throw the vehicle off balance.
Stay on shoulder
Gradually slow down
At 25 MPH or less, steer ¼ turn towards roadway

41. Reacting to Driving Problems
CAR FIRES
Most caused by short circuits in the electrical system – never try to put out
Get out
Get away
Call for help

42. Reacting to Driving Problems
PLUNGING INTO WATER
Vehicles will float 3-10 minutes
Open windows immediately (escape while vehicle is still floating through open window)
Sinks nose (front end) first
Always wear a seatbelt! Reduce risk of being knocked out unconscious

43. Vehicle failure BRAKE FAILURE Conventional or drum disk
shift to lower gear and pump the brake pedal fast and hard several times (this could build up enough pressure to stop the vehicle)
If that doesn’t work, the parking brake should be used while holding the brake so the wheels lock up and the vehicle will skid.

44. Vehicle failure TIRE BLOWOUT Grip the steering wheel
Keep vehicle straight while gradually slowing down
Remove foot from gas and don’t use the brakes
Vehicle should coast to a stop

45. Vehicle failure GAS PEDAL PROBLEMS
Keep eyes on the road & shift to neutral
Steer the vehicle to a safe area off the roadway
Turn engine off and call for help

46. Summarizer
If you have a flat tire or a blow out, you should?

47. summarizer
Hold the wheel firmly
Remove foot from gas pedal
Let vehicle coast to a stop

48. Collisions AVIODING COLLISIONS
If a motorist sees that they are going to hit something, one of three things should be done:
Stop quickly -
(conventional brakes) pump the brakes to gain better control of steering.
(ABS brakes) will adjust automatically to prevent wheel lock up. The motorist can put max pressure without pumping the brakes.
Turn quickly – If a motorist can’t stop in time, turn away and drive off the road. Try not to brake to lessen skid chance. Don’t brake hard if turning onto a shoulder to lessen skid and loss of control.
Speed up- When another motorist is about to hit you from the side or behind, speeding up may be necessary to get out of danger. Slow down once out of danger.

49. Collisions LAST MINUTE CHOICES
Turn away from oncoming traffic, even if it means leaving the road
Driving off the road, rather than skidding, gives the motorist more control of the vehicle
What to hit first?
Hit something moving in the same direction as you
Hit something not moving (tree, parked car, median)
Last option- hit coming straight on at you
If collision is unavoidable, try to make a glancing blow
A sideswipe will slow the vehicle

50. Collisions
REAR
Be ready to apply brakes to avoid being pushed into a vehicle ahead
Brace your body and press head against head rest
SIDE
Keep a tight grip on the wheel to prevent being thrown against the side of the vehicle
Be ready to turn fast, so that if the vehicle spins you are ready to control it
HEAD ON
Use arms and hands to protect face if wearing a seat belt and the vehicle has airbags

51. collisions If you are in a collision Stop the vehicle Remain calm
Assume worst and get help (police, ambulance)
Wait at the scene
Ask for assistance
Report to the MVC within 10 days

52. Activity
Finish road rage raps
Perform