1. Mayan cities built during their classic period were made from __stone_____________. (sec 1)
2. The Mayans lived in which area of the world?___Central America _________________(sec 1)
3. The time period in Mayan civilization that included their decline was _post-classic_____.(sec 2)
4. What is the name for central American civilizations?___Mesoamerican___________ (sec 2)
5. What were three major Mayan accomplishments? (sec 2)
written language stone buildings accurate calendar math system

2. 6. The Native American society that preceded (came before) the Mayas in the same area were the ______Olmecs______________________. (sec 2)
7. Mayan peasant girl/woman most likely to be found making the _meals____________ in the villages. (sec 4)
8. A Mayan peasant man most likely would be _hunting___________ for food. (sec 4)
9. Mayan priests were the only ones able to read the sacred____calendar_______. (sec 5)
10. The Mayan ballgame that they played was called _pok-a-tok ___________. (sec 5)
11. What were the major Mayan crops? (sec 6) squash, corn, peppers

3. 12. What are three theories for why the Mayan civilization declined
12. What are three theories for why the Mayan civilization declined?(sec 6)
War, drought, population growing too quickly
13. The Mayan number system was based on the number ___20______.
14. What does the picture on the Mexican flag symbolize? (sec 1) the story about how the Aztecs found the island for their capital city
15. One benefit of settling on land surrounded by Lake Texcoco was it was easy to _defend_. (sec 2)
16. By forming the Triple Alliance, the Aztec leader Itzcoatl was able to_ free his people from Tepanec rule __ (sec 2)
17. A paid soldier who fights for others is called a _mercenary_. (sec 2)
18. The original tribe of the Aztecs was called the __Mexicas__ (Sec 2)

4. 19. The Aztecs borrowed the god Quetzalcoatl and building design from the _Toltecs_ (sec 2)
20. The Spanish were __amazed__ when they first saw Tenochtitlan. (sec 3)
21. The Aztecs of Tenochtitlán built chinampas to_gain extra land for farming_ (sec 3)
22. The Aztecs built a _ceremonial plaza_ in the center of Tenochtitlán (sec 3)
23. The Aztec Empire was based on tribute. What was tribute? (sec 4)
Payment to the Aztec government, kind of like taxes.
24. The Aztecs let the conquered people keep their customs. Why was this a problem when it came to making a strong empire? (sec 4) There was not great unity between the various groups that made up the empire.

5. 25. Which could be given as tribute to the Aztecs? (sec 4)
Food, gem stones, people
26. The Spanish conquistadors most eager to find _gold___ in Mexico.
27. Tenochtitlán has become _Mexico__ City.
28. The Aztec warriors carried weapons made from_obsidian____
29. _Smallpox__ (disease) killed many in the Americas after the Spanish arrived.
30. _Moctezuma II__ was the Aztec emperor when the Spanish appeared in 1519

6. 31. A set of strings tied into knots, called a _quipus_, helped Incas remember information.(sec 1)
32. Much of the land that was once the Inca Empire is in which countries today? (sec 2)
Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Argentina
33. The Incas created a network of __roads_ to hold their empire together. (Sec 2)
34. _Francisco Pizarro_ (conquistador leader) conquered the Incas.
35. The most important Incan food crop was __potatoes___
36. After the Incas conquered a new area, why were local leaders and their sons brought to Cuzco? (sec 3)
So they learned Incan law and language

7. 37. The main reason why Europeans wanted to travel to Asia was to get _spices_. (sec 2)
38. _Muslims__and__Italians___ controlled the land routes, so European monarchs want a sea route to Asia. (sec 2)
39. The _caravel_ made it easier for explorers to sail through shallow water. (sec 2)
40. Henry the Navigator started a __school for sailors_, which helped Portugal lead the way in exploration. (sec 3)
41. Vasco da Gama was the first European to __sail to India from Europe___. (sec 3)
42. Portuguese explorers brought back__gold____from Africa to Europe.(sec 3)

8. 43.Ferdinand Magellan and his crew were the first Europeans to _sail around the world____(sec 4)
44. _Spain_ sponsored Columbus’ trip to find a western route to Asia. (sec 4)
45. The Spanish conquistadors were mostly out to find _gold and fame__ (sec 5)
46. Bringing back so much gold from the New World led to __inflation (of prices)_ in Europe. (sec 5)
47. What weapons gave the Spanish the advantage over the Aztecs? Steel weapons and guns.
48. Terrible diseases more common in Europe and Asia than in the Americas because the Europeans were around __domesticated__ animals which carried the diseases. (video)

9. 49. _Scurvy___was a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C and was common on board ships of the era.
50. When the sailors take over a ship because they lost confidence in the captain it is called a __mutiny________
51. Columbus landed in what is today _____the Bahamas__on his first journey.