1. Ocean Properties

2. Actual Percentages
Water covers 71% of the Earth’s surface
The oceans contain 97.25% of all the water on Earth
95% of the ocean is still unexplored
50% of all know species are found in the oceans
1 out of every 6 U.S. jobs is ocean related (17%)
The average depth of the ocean is 3720 meters OR 12,240 feet OR 2.3 miles
The deepest part of the ocean is meters OR 36,197 feet OR 6.8 miles

3. Actual Depths Humans can survive only 100 meters down OR 328 feet
10,911 meters is the deepest any vessel can go OR 32,808 feet OR 6.2 miles
The pressure at sea level is 14.7 psi
The pressure at 100 meters is psi
The pressure at 500 meters is psi
The pressure at 1000 meters is psi
The pressure at the deepest parts of the ocean is psi
interactive

4. Oceanography
Oceanography: The branch of science that studies the ocean
Marine plants and animals
Ocean currents
Tsunamis
The sea floor
Weather
Tides

5. oceans The 5 major oceans Southern (Antarctic) Arctic Pacific Atlantic
Indian

6. Where did all the water on earth come from?
Formation of the oceans:
1. Comets and asteroids hitting earth brought water with them
2. Outgassing: extreme volcanism during earth’s early history released water vapor into the atmosphere
origin of earth's water

7. Salinity why is the sea salty?
Salinity: The amount of dissolved salt in a body of water
Halocline: an area in the ocean where salinity changes rapidly with depth

9. Salinity The average salinity of freshwater is 0.05%
The average salinity of the ocean is 3.5%

10. Ocean Salinity Increase Salinity Decrease Salinity Evaporation
Ice formation
Depth
Volcanic activity
Decrease Salinity
Precipitation
Ice melting
Surface currents
River run off

11. Ocean Density
Pycnocline: the area in the ocean where density changes rapidly with depth
Factors that affect ocean density
1. Temperature: Cold water is more dense than warm water
temperature and density
2. Salinity: Water with more dissolved salts is more dense
salinity and density
3. Depth: dense water sinks and pushes less dense water up

13. Thermocline
Thermocline: an area in the ocean where temperature changes rapidly with depth

15. Ocean Temperature Ocean water has a wide range of temperatures
Average temp = 38° F (3.5 °C)
Ice Cap areas = 35° F (2 °C )
Coral Reef areas = 100°F (38°C)
Freezing point = 28°F (-1.9°C )
Hydrothermal vents = 752°F (400°C )

16. Ocean Pressure
Sea level: a measure of the average height of the oceans surface
Pressure at sea level is 14.7 psi = 1 atmosphere
For every 10 m down, the pressure increases by 14.7 psi (1 atm)

17. Ocean Pressure 10 meters down = 14.7 x 2 = 29.4 psi 20 meters down =

18. Ocean Pressure 50 meters down = 14.7 x 6 = 88.2 psi 100 meters down =

19. EDPuzzle Videos Salinity of water salinity and ocean currents
what it feels like at 10,000 feet
physics of pressure
Mariana Trench
ocean temps