1. Surgical Outcomes In Children With Primary Childhood Glaucoma
Suzan Guven Yılmaz, Bilge Yıldırım, Halil Ates
Ege University Hospital, Ophthalmology Department
INTRODUCTION
Surgical treatment is usually the primary approach for childhood glaucoma. Classical initial surgery is goniotomy or trabeculectomy. 1,2 When the IOP is not controlled after the first surgery, the surgical options are filtration surgery with anti-fibrosis drugs, glaucoma drainage implants or cyclodestructive procedures. Repeat surgery is relatively frequent. 3
PURPOSE
To evaluate outcomes of surgical treatment in children with primary childhood glaucoma.
MATERIAL and METHOD
The medical records of 91 eyes of 52 patients with primary childhood glaucoma who underwent glaucoma surgery at university clinic between 2001 and 2016, were reviewed. Trabeculotomy was prefered as initial procedure. Trabeculectomy (with mitomycin-C), tube shunt (Ahmed valve) and cyclodestructive (endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation) procedures were performed as a next surgeries. Success was defined as postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg with or without medication. Success rates, IOP, subsequent interventions and and ocular comorbidity were determined during follow-up and at the final visit.
RESULTS
The mean age of 52 patients (29 male, 23 female) at the surgery was 14.8±31.7 (1day-168 months) months. The diagnosis was primary congenital glaucoma (<2 months) in 26 (50%) eyes, infantile glaucoma (2months-2 years) in 18 (34.6%) eyes, and juvenil glaucoma (>2 years) in 8 (15.4%) eyes. The mean follow-up was ± (6-240) months. The mean IOP decreased from 30.9±6.7 (21-54) mmHg to 17.4 ± 6.8 (5-28) mmHg at the last follow-up (p<0.05). Surgical success was achieved in 70 (76.9%) eyes after a mean number of operation/eye of 1.9±1.3 (1-7). The postoperative complications included hyphema (5 eyes), choroidal detachment (3 eyes), shunt extrusion (3 eyes), retina detachment (1 eye) and endophthalmitis (2 eyes).
Table 2 - Clinical characteristics of patients with primary childhood glaucoma.
Table 1-Type and Number of Surgery.
DISCUSSION
The treatment of pediatric glaucoma cases is particulary challenging due to the nature of the disease and to the inttrinsic difficulties in operating them.4 Initial surgery is indicated in nearly all cases with primary childhood glaucoma. Surgical treatments can usually achieve safe and effective results with congenital glaucoma if performed promptly and appropriately Whenever possible these cases should be referred to tertiary care centers.
In conclusion glaucoma surgery is essential treatment with good success in primary childhood glaucoma. However, because of high risk of postoperative complications close follow up is required.
REFERANCES
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