1. THE IMPACT OF Lantana camara’s LEAF EXTRACT TO PREDATORY INSECTS IN THE SOYBEAN FIELD
SRI NUR AMINAH NGATIMIN*, ANNIE P. SARANGA, JUNAEDI
Pest and Plant Diseases Department
Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Makassar
2014

2. INTRODUCTION Healthy Food Improve for human health.
Free from pesticides (organic).
High nutrient.
Safety for consumers and
environment.
Cheap (vegetable protein).

3. Soybean (Glycines max L.)
Familiar food.
Source of vegetable
protein.
Cheap and easy to
find.
Product : tempe, tofu,
soybean sauce etc.
Waste product of tofu
were used as the
source of feed
livestock.

4. Soybean Problem in Indonesia
Lower harvest :
Pest insects activities
(decreasing quality
product) : import
from other countries.
Synthetic insecticides
against pest insects.

5. Synthetic Insecticides
Positive
Negative
Easy to find.
Fast and visible result in field.
Combining with two or more compound : increasing effectively in field.
Resistance.
Resurgence.
Loss of beneficial insects.
Dangerous to user.
Residu in nature.

6. How to get soybean free from synthetic insecticides????
Botanical Insecticides
Biodegradable when incured by sunlight.
Narrow spectrum.
Safety for human and environment.

7. Lantana camara L. Weed family Verbenaceae. Origin from Middle America.
Leaf and flower contain lantanin, pentacyclic triterpenoids, fenilpropanoid & hydrocarbon.
Inhibit seed germination to crop.
Repellent, anti-feedant, inhibitor growth and caused mortality.

8. Purpose of Research
To study the impact of Lantana camara’s leaf extract as the botanical insecticides that safety for predatory insects in soybean fields

9. Research was conducted in :
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Research was conducted in :
Field experiment from June to September 2013 in Experimental Farm, Cereal Research Centre, Maros District South Sulawesi.
Laboratory experiment in Plant Protection Lab, Dept. of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture Hasanuddin University Makassar.

10. Field Experiment Soybean variety : Gema.
Treatment plot on the soybean field (2,5 m x 2,5 m; long x wide), distance one to another soybean plant 25 cm x 25 cm.
Apply L. camara’s leaf extract fermentation and without fermentation into soybean field.
Observation the impact of L. camara’s leaf extract on predatory insects.

11. Laboratory Experiment
Processing L. camara’s leaf extract fermentation and without fermentation.
Identify pest insects and their predator using Kalshoven (1981), CSIRO (1991) and Anonymous (1992).

12. L. camara’s Leaf Extract Fermentation and Without Fermentation
The fresh L. camara’s leaves weighing 5 kg were cut into 0,5 cm and crushed with blender.
The substance were entered into plastic pail with cover (30 x 27 cm; diameter x height). This pail have contain 10 L water from rice washing, then added 1 kg white sugar.
All of the component mixed together on the plastic pail and cover them. Keep the liquid during for 14 days ahead. After 14 days, filtered them with an 80 mesh sieve and ready to spray on the soybean field.
L. camara’s leaf extract without fermentation has the same compound and procedure with leaf extract fermentation. The difference of them, the fresh liquid ready apply into soybean field.

13. Treatment on Soybean Plant
We were used Randomized Block Design in four treatment: A = L. camara’s leaf extract fermentation. B = L. camara’s leaf extract without fermentation. C = synthetic insecticide (active compound lambda cyhalotrin). D = control (distilled water). We were applied this treatment into soybean field 15 days after planting. Visual observation for predatory insects was done on five clump soybean plant sample. The significant differences of the data using DMRT.

15. RESULTS aKalshoven (1981), bCSIRO(1991), cAnonymous (1992)
Table 1. Pest Insects on Soybean Field
aKalshoven (1981), bCSIRO(1991), cAnonymous (1992)
Insect Pests
Ordo : Family
Sites of Soybean
White fly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)
(Homoptera : Aleyrodidae)
Leaves
Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esper)
(Lepidoptera : Noctuidae)
Lima bean podborer Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke)
(Lepidoptera : Pyralidae)
Seed on pods
Leaf roller Lamprosema indicata Fabricius
Bean fly Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon)
(Diptera : Agromyzidae)
First leaves on cotyledon
Bean bug Riptortus linearis (L.)
(Hemiptera : Alydidae)
Army worm Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)

16. aKalshoven (1981), bCSIRO (1991), cAnonymous (1992) Predatory Insects
Table 2. The Potential Predatory Insects on Soybean Field
aKalshoven (1981), bCSIRO (1991), cAnonymous (1992)
Predatory Insects
Common Name
Ordo : Family
Menochilus sexmaculatus F.
Lady Bird / Coccinellids
(Coleoptera : Coccinellidae)
Agriocnemis sp.
Damselflies
(Odonata : Coenagrionidae)
Stagmomantis carolina L.
Mantids
(Mantodea : Mantidae)

17. The Potential Predatory Insects
Menochilus sexmaculatus F.
(Coleoptera : Coccinellidae)
Agriocnemis sp
(Odonata : Coenagrionidae)

18. Potential Predatory Insects
Stagmomantis carolina L.
(Mantodea : Mantidae)

19. Fig 1. Population Density of Predatory Insects in Soybean Field

20. CONCLUSION
The higher population of Agriocnemis sp on L. camara’s leaf extract fermentation 0,35 individual and M. sexmaculatus 0,30 individual, respectively.
The result of L. camara’s leaf extract without fermentation similar between M. sexmaculatus and Agriocnemis sp is 0,30 individual.
On control treatment, S. carolina has a higher number 0,05 individual.
We were recommended L. camara’s leaf extract as the botanical insecticides safety for predatory insects in the soybean field.

21. Terima Kasih