1. From Republic to Empire

2. City on Seven Hills
Latin's
Settled along the
Tiber River

3. City on Seven Hills Romulus and Remus
Mother was Latin woman, Father was Mars (god of war)

4. Romans
Shared peninsula with the Etruscans

5. Romans
Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
Romans learned
Alphabet

6. Romans Shared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learned Alphabet
Arch construction

7. Romans Shared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learned Alphabet
Arch construction
Gods and Goddesses

8. Roman - Latins Romans conquer –
509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
Greek City States 8

9. Roman - Latins Romans conquer –
509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
Greek City States
Success due to
Skillful diplomacy
Well trained army
Legion – 5000 man units
Loyalty, courage, respect for authority

10. Res Publica - Republic Senate – most powerful legislators
300 members all Patricians
Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)

11. 509 BC Latins drive out the Etruscans Res Publica - Republic
Senate
300 members all Patricians
Landowning upper class
Consuls – elected by Senate
Supervise business, government, and armies

12. 509 BC Latins drive out the Etruscans Res Publica - Republic
Tribunes
Represent the Plebeians – Farmers,merchants, and traders
Right to VETO

13. 509 BC Latins drive out the Etruscans Res Publica - Republic
Dictator
Elected in time of war

14. Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony

15. Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony
Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism) 15

16. Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony
Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)
Carthage fought for self-preservation
(They had empire of their own) 16

18. Carthage North Africa Punic War
Hannibal attacks Rome from North
Elephants 18

19. Carthage North Africa Punic War
Hannibal returns to protect Carthage
Defeated on open plains 19

20. Romans Destroyed Carthage.
poured salt on all of farm land to never let Carthage return.
Roman law let you live…but, if you went against them…

21. Mare Nostrum “Our Sea”

22. Roman Republic Declines

23. Julius Caesar Military General
Led army nine years in Gaul

24. Julius Caesar Military General
Led army nine years in Gaul
Pompey convinced Senate to call him home

25. Julius Caesar Military General
Led army nine years in Gaul
Pompey convinced Senate to call him home
He came home – Took over the Senate

26. Julius Caesar Military General
Reorganized a corrupt Senate
Allowed more people Citizenship

27. Julius Caesar Military General
Reorganized a corrupt Senate
Allowed more people Citizenship
Veni, Vedi, Vici
I came, I saw, I conquered
Re-established Mediterranean
…and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.

28. Julius Caesar Military General
Assassinated on Senate Floor
Fear of him naming himself
Emperor – or Caesar

29. Octavian and Mark Antony
Octavian – Caesar’s grandnephew
Mark Antony – general
joined together to hunt down the murderers

30. Cleopatra VII After Caesar assassinated
Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome

31. Octavian and Mark Antony
Go to War over control of Roman Empire
used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s relationship as a political tool

32. Octavian defeats Antony
Battle of Actium
Octavian defeats Antony
takes supreme rule of Rome
names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire
one of the most influential empires the world has known

33. Octavian soon becomes Augustus or
“Exalted One”

34. Augustus to Marcus Aurelius
Pax Romana
Roman Peace
200 year Period
Augustus to Marcus Aurelius

35. Entertainment Chariot Races Gladiator Contests
Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight
Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions