1. Arthropods

2. Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS.
What is Entomology?
The study of insects
(and their near relatives).
What are insects
(and near relatives)?
Insects and their relatives are
ARTHROPODS.

3. Review of Zoological Nomenclature
(classifying & naming)
Taxonomic Categories
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Genus & species

4. Review of Zoological Nomenclature
Taxonomic Categories
Kingdom - Animalae
Phylum - Arthropoda
Class - Insecta
Order - Coleoptera
Family - Scarabaeidae
Genus - Popillia
Genus & species
Popillia japonica Newman

5. Characteristics of the Phylum
Arthropoda
The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen).
The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed.
They posses a chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth.
They have bilateral symmetry.
The nervous system is dorsal (back) and the circulatory system is open and ventral (belly).

6. What are some other Animal Phyla?
Porifera & Cnidaria – sponges & corals.
Platyhelminthes - flatworms, tapeworms
Nematoda - roundworms
Mollusca - clams, snails & slugs, squids
Echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins
Annelida - segmented worms (earthworms)
Chordata - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

7. Arthropod Groups (taxa)
The arthropods are divided into two large groups that exist today:
Chelicerates
and
Mandibulates

8. Chelicerate Arthropod Characters:
Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps
NO antennae
Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen
Four pairs of legs
Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are only living groups

9. Mandibulate Arthropod Characters:
Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways
One or two pairs of antennae
Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen
Variable leg numbers
Insects, crustaceans & myriapods

10. Orders of Arachnids Scorpions Pseudoscorpions Daddy Long-Legs
Mites & Ticks
Spiders

11. Pseudoscorpion
Tick
(a mite)
Scorpion
Wolf
Spider
Daddy-long-legs

12. Scorpion Anatomy

14. chelicerae
eyes
pedipalp

15. Pseudoscorpion

16. Mite and Tick Body Regions
pedipalps &
chelicerae
cephalothorax
abdomen

17. American dog tick male
Blacklegged (deer) tick female

18. American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).

19. Clover mites
Twospotted spider mites
Predatory mite

20. daddy long-legs
cephalothorax
abdomen

21. Spider Anatomy pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax narrow waist
abdomen

22. Jumping Spider
Abdomen
Cephalothorax
Chelicera (fang)
Pedipalp

23. Wolf spider with egg case
Spitting spider
Orb-weaving spider
Tarantula

24. Black widow with egg case
Brown recluse

25. (many legged arthropods)
Classes of Myriapods
(many legged arthropods)
(all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea)
Diplopoda - millipedes
Chilopoda - centipedes

26. Myriapods Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda)
[one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs]
Millipede (Diplopoda)
Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body.
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body.
No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.

27. Millipede (Diplopoda)
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Garden centipede

28. Classes of Crustacea Sowbugs or pillbugs Sand fleas Barnacles
mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial
all have two pair of antennae
five or more pairs of legs
segmented abdominal appendages
head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement
have gills
Sowbugs or pillbugs
Sand fleas
Barnacles
Crabs, lobster, shrimp

29. Crayfish cephalothorax
(Decapoda)
Sowbug (Isopoda),
a terrestrial crustacean