1. RADIOCOMMUNICATION TRAINNING
PAD Logistic – september 2012
24 janvier 2018

2. General telecom politics
Generalities for Security needs
Good independance
HF and VHF Radios
BGAN
Iridium
ISAT Phone
FACTORS
Independence
and
Reliability
Thuraya
ISAT Phone
VSAT – Land line – GSM phone
Few or no independance
24 janvier 2018

3. General telecom politics$
Generalities for Operationnal needs
HF and VHF Radios
FACTORS
Communication Cost
and
Reliability (in function of local quality)
VSAT – Land line – GSM phone
Thuraya
ISAT Phone
BGAN
Iridium
$ $ $ $ $
24 janvier 2018

4. Electromagnetic wave Photon Caracteristics of a wave: Amplitude
Frequency (Hz)
Lenght (m)
Speed (light
speed)
:                                                                                                           
24 janvier 2018

5. Radio Frequencies 24 janvier 2018 18 MHz Band: 18068 - 18100 CW CW
Digimode, CW
IBP
Phone, CW
24 janvier 2018

6. HF propagation
24 janvier 2018

7. HF Propagation depens on:
Time of the day
Day higher frequencies
Night – lower frequencies
Hight frequencies
Season
Summer – higher frequencies
Winter – lower frequencies
Medium frequencies
Solar cycle
1998 – 2002 higher frequencies
2003 – 2008 lower frequencies
Low frequencies
24 janvier 2018

8. NVIS communication
Skip zone can be reduced using NVIS (near vertical incidence skywave).0 – 500 Km
But then the antennas and frequencies need to be adapted.
HF dipole antennas in inversed V position close to the ground
NVIS 9350 Whip antenna
24 janvier 2018

9. Waves transmission trough antennas
The perfect antenna has the same physical length than the frequency we want to use (reception or transmission).
In this case almost all the power of the transceiver is tranmited into electromagnetic wave.
Electromagnetic wave
Transmission
Reflected power
If the antenna is not well choose of if there is to many obstacles, the power of the transmission is dangerously reflected into the transceiver.
Electromagnetic wave
Electromagnetic wave
Tranmission
Reflected power
24 janvier 2018

10. HF material Managing the relfected power DANGEROUS !
The only feed back you have : SWR meter
GOOD
PERFECT
24 janvier 2018

11. To optimize the HF transmission
Antenna position
Topview
Sideview
24 janvier 2018

12. Storm Lightning protection
So we need to protect the radio antennas
Lightnings can go up to volts
And radio antennas are a important target.
24 janvier 2018

13. To optimize the HF transmission
Technicaly speaking :
NEVER TOUCH THE HF ANTENNA WHILE TRANSMITING !
Position your HF antennas as hight as possible (6 meters) exept for NVIS, far from any obstacle.
Take great care of the connections (grease and silicone).
Take great care of the cables (respect lenght, do not bend).
Respect the earth connection.
24 janvier 2018

14. HF RADIO TEST HF Communication plan for Base 1
OBJECTIVES : 1 - To get a good knowledge of the best frequencies to use to contact a base from an other one.
2 – To be aware of the radio-communication gaps.
Exemple :
HF Communication plan for Base 1
To contact
Capital
Base 2
Mobile1
1:00 AM C B /
2:00 AM
3:00 AM
4:00 AM A
5:00 AM
6:00 AM …
Frequence A
Ww.wwww,w Khz
Frenquence B
Xx.xxx,x Khz
Frequence C
Yy.yyy,y Khz
24 janvier 2018

15. VHF radios
24 janvier 2018

16. VHF material GP340 GM340 Antenna: 16 channels 136 – 174 MHz
5 watts (Tx)
8 to 14 hours autonomy
Computer programming
265 euros
GM340
6 channels
136 – 174 MHz
25 Watts (Tx)
Computer programming
About 300 euros
Antenna:
As high as possible
24 janvier 2018

17. VHF repeater
In duplex mode : one frequency to tranmit, an other one to receive.
Duplex
TX: KHz
RX: Khz
VHF contact is similar to visual contact
VHF reapeater can overcome the obstacles.
Duplex
TX: Khz RX: KHz
Duplex
TX: Khz RX: KHz
In simplex mode : the same frequency to tranmit and to receive.
Simplex
TX-RX: KHz
Simplex
TX-RX: KHz
24 janvier 2018

18. - + ++ +++ VHF RADIOTESTS
If the coverage is not sufficient (< green zone for ex),
=> IMPROVE THE COVERAGE
Material
Power
Altitude
Range
VHF Handset
VHF Mobile
VHF Base
VHF Repeater
5 watts
25 Watts
25 Watts
25 Watts
About 2 meters
About 3 meters
About 6 meters
About 20 meters - + ++
+++
24 janvier 2018

19. Assessment and improvement of radiocom if needed
On the mission
Better efficiency Better safety (Capitalization)
Local Radio Supplier Material test Practical technical support HF and VHF installation
Assessment and improvement of radiocom if needed
Logistic IT – Paris Technical specifications General technical support Communication plan, advices…
Field radiocom situation
24 janvier 2018

20. ANNEXES
24 janvier 2018

21. HF Electromagnetic properties
Wavelength (m) = 300 (million meters per second) / Frequency (Mhz)
As a reminder : Wavelengh (meters) x Frequency (MHz) = 300
To know the lengh of the frequency 12 Mhz :
300/ 12 Mhz = 2.5 meters
To know the frequency of the wavelenght 10 meters :
300/10 = 30 MHz
:                                                                                                           
24 janvier 2018

22. Transceiver (Transmiter – receiver)
HF material
Transceiver (Transmiter – receiver)
Human voice : 300 to 3500 Hz. Very difficult to catch (antenna biger than 100 m!).
HF : 3 Mhz to 30 Mhz
Amplitude Modulation
Frequency Modulation
Single Side Band
USB
LSB
24 janvier 2018

23. Connecting HF Radios Do not forget the earth connection. :
:                                                                                                           
Do not forget the earth connection.
24 janvier 2018