1. London Docklands Regeneration

2. Where is the Docklands ?

3. The Docks in the past

4. The Docks was used for the shipping of goods into London.
The Docks in the past
The Docks was used for the shipping of goods into London.

5. Reasons for the Decline of the Docklands
The ships could no longer fit in the docks due to containerisation.
Goods were being moved quicker and faster by air travel.
During the war the London Docklands was bombed very badly. This caused a lot of damage.

6. 20,000 jobs lost in the Docklands
The Effects of Decline
In % of the area was derelict, vacant or under-used.
20,000 jobs lost in the Docklands
The population of London Docklands fell by 20% between 1971 and 1981.
The unemployment rate in London Docklands in 1981 was 17.8%.

7. THE LDDC Aims Encourage development of existing Industry
Ensure housing is available to all
Bring Land and Buildings back into use
Encourage development of existing Industry
Create an attractive Environment

8. Aim 1 ; Ensure Housing is available to all
The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created appropriate Housing to meet the locals needs.

9. 1981 Housing BEFORE THE LDDC AFTER THE LDDC
20% was classified as being in poor or uninhabitable condition.
BEFORE THE LDDC
9.1 % of stock was classified as overcrowded.
AFTER THE LDDC
95% of the housing was rented, mostly (83%) through the local authorities. Owner occupation was 5%.

10. Aim 1 ; Ensure Housing is available to all
% of homes were owner occupied
What does this suggest about the LDDC meeting the needs for housing ?
1991 – 38% of homes were owner occupied

11. Port East Apartment Guess the Price !!!
A 3rd floor apartment in this popular warehouse conversion with a lift & concierge close to the transport and amenities of West India Quay. 
1 dbl bedroom
Reception/dining room
Kitchen
2 bathrooms (1 en-suite),
£375,000
Balcony & allocated parking

12. Housing Pent house owned by Bob Hoskins
Apartments above the Marriott Hotel
Pent house owned by Bob Hoskins
Housing

13. What could you buy in Skipton with the same money ?
breakfast kitchen
family bathroom
music room
Double
Garage
master bedroom with ensuite
dining room
entrance hall
cloakroom
4 bedrooms
lounge

14. There is now a lack of council housing.
The housing stock was aimed at high wage earners coming into the area.
Only 2000 cheap houses were built.
3500 people still homeless in East London.

15. Did they achieve the aim ?
Ensure housing is available to all
Yes
24,000 new homes have been constructed
2031 of the houses were produced by Housing Associations. No
804 of the houses are Local Authority Housing

16. Aim 2; Attract Business and Investment
The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands attracted Business and Investment

17. Aim 2; Encourage the Development of Industry
London City Airport was built . This provided jobs for those who had previously worked around the docklands.
Over 700 new firms located in the area including HSBC, Bank of America, The Sun, Daily Telegraph and The Sunday Telegraph

18. Transport around the Docklands
Access to the London Docklands was improved with the creation of the DLR making access to the Docklands easier and quicker.

19. The creation of jobs in the local area.
Most New jobs area transfers from outside the area. Hence it did not create employment but merely moved the employment from one part of the country to another.
Employment trends are still similar to 1981 for the locals in the area.

20. How the LDDC attracted Industry into the area.
1. It had the power to grant planning approval.
2. It had compulsory purchase powers to speed up the process of land clearance.
3. It had a range of incentives, to encourage developers. Investors did not pay tax. This saved the buidlers of Canary Wharf £200million.
4. It had backing from central government for expenditure. Durring 1990 the LDDC was spending £6million a week.

21. Aim 3; Bring Land and Buildings back into use
The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created an attractive Environment.

22. Changes to land use – Port East
After the war the docks went into decline. The industry left the area due to competition from abroad.
After the introduction of the UDC the Docklands was redeveloped.
Warehouse previously used for temporary storage of sugar from the West Indies. Each dock was named after where the produce came in from e.g West India Docks

23. Shadwell Basin; Bringing land back into use.
BEFORE THE LDDC
The LDDC opened up to the public waterfront from in 3.7 miles in 1981 to 31 miles (50 km) in 1998
AFTER THE LDDC

24. Changes to Western Docks
BEFORE THE LDDC
AFTER THE LDDC

25. Bringing Land back into use; West India Docks
BEFORE THE LDDC
AFTER THE LDDC

26. The Cranes show the original purpose of the area.
Evidence of the past
The evidence of the original Docks is seen here with a gateway being built to show the original purpose of the area.
The Cranes show the original purpose of the area.

27. Current Land use
Warehouses have been turned into expensive apartments.
Restaurants and bars on the first floor.
Original signs of the docks left for heritage purposes.
Floating Ships such as St Pauls

28. Aim 4; Create an attractive environment
The next few slides will help you decide whether the London Docklands created an attractive Environment.

29. Creating an Attractive Environment
The trees cost £30,000 each. They were brought fully grown to give the area a feel of establishment
Marble was imported from various countries and used all around the Docklands to give the idea of luxury and class.

30. Creating an attractive Environment
The water fountain is climate controlled and will be adjusted according to the wind speed.
The water fountain base is made from marble to give the impression of luxury

31. Creating an Attractive Environment
Open Space has been left in the Docklands so that the workers have some green space within a high density area.
Local artists are invited to contribute to the local area. These can be changed at any time.

32. Creating an attractive environment
Notice the lack of litter and chewing gum. This is due to the high maintenance in the area.
High quality marble used all around the Docklands

33. Creating an Attractive Environment
Marble was imported from all around the world. This was to give the impression of luxury and quality around the Docklands.

34. Creating an attractive environment
Award winning underground station. Even the underground station has been designed in a manner which suggests luxury and style

35. Creating an attractive environment
Bronze was used for the finishing touches rather than brass
Teak Wood was used for the exterior of the stores which is very expensive and normally used for inside interiors
High Quality of marble on the floor

36. How much would you pay for these trees ?
It has planted 160,000 trees and won 94 awards for excellence in landscaping, planning, architecture and conservation.
How much would you pay for these trees ?
£30,000 each. The LDDC purchased 20,000 of theses trees.
Every effort is taken to make the area look attractive. This will create some semi skilled employment around the Docklands e.g. Maintenance Work

37. 830 Hectares of derelict land had been reclaimed
Success
Population has increased from 30,000 to 79,000
830 Hectares of derelict land had been reclaimed
There are now over 2,500 companies located in the Docklands
41,421 jobs created
It is a major tourist attraction attracting 2 million visitors a year.
The DLR was extended in Nov 2005 to provide access to City Airport

38. Failure
There has been a change in the type of jobs available. The change from secondary to Tertiary had a major impact on the local area.
The LDDC expenditure ON the community was 5%
The increase in work is mainly part time and service sector based

39. Local Opinions according to the LDDC

40. The other side to the story

42. The loss of the community as they knew it;
Peter Wade worked in the Docklands for over 20 years and became the spokesperson for the local community when the Docklands Development Corporation began.

43. The death of the community

44. Opinions around the Docklands – taken from the Wharf Newspaper.