1. Chapter 12 - Discourse analysis
Meeting 3
Chapter 10 - Semantics
Chapter 11 - Pragmatics
Chapter 12 - Discourse analysis

2. Today’s agenda Repetition of meeting 2
Mini-lectures & seminars on chapters 10-12
Preparation for meeting 4
Qs?
Goodbye

3. Immediate constituents
The Greek was drinking.

4. Immediate constituents
The Greek was drinking.
The Greek was drinking. He
drank.

5. The FBI agent is going to save the patient.
Semantic roles for NPs
The FBI agent is going to save the patient.
agent
patient/theme
NPs are entities which fulfill certain roles within the situation described by a sentence.
Agent = the entity that performs the action, typically human
Theme/Patient = the entity that is involved in or affected by the action. Typically non-human, but in this case it is a human. In the book, The boy kicked the ball. The ball = patient/theme

6. An awful tsunami hit Thailand.
Agent – theme/patient
A boy kicked the ball.
I shot the sheriff.
An awful tsunami hit Thailand.

7. Instrument, experiencer, location
Sinead O’Connor shaved her hair with a razor.
Fredrik Reinfeldt felt tired.
Schwarzenegger lifted weights in the gym.
Instrument = with a razor
Fredrik Reinfelt = experiences

8. Source, goal The child received a gift from Santa.
Santa gives presents to children.
Instrument = with a razor
Fredrik Reinfelt = experiences

9. Lexical relationships
Example
Type
Almost/nearly
Rich/poor
Flour/flower /
Vegetable/carrot
Foot (human vs. of table)
Synonymy
Antonymy
Homophones
Homonyms
Hyponymy
Polysemy

10. He drank the whole bottle.
Metonymy
Wheels
= Car
Whole-part relationship, where the wheels are part of the car
He drank the whole bottle.

11. Collocations
fast food
*quick food
*speedy food

12. Can you think of…? Synonyms Remember Purchase Big Antonyms Dark Hot Up
Come
Recall
Buy
Large
Light
Cold
Down Go

13. Polysemy - two or more related meanings
Word
Meaning A
Meaning B
Bright
Shining
To glare
To shine intensely
A deposit
Minerals in the earth
Head
Foot ?
Bright: Intelligent
Glare: To stare angrily
Deposit: Money in the bank
Head
Polysemy - two or more related meanings
Foot

14. Seminar - Semantics
The four sharings: Worksheet 3: Qs 1-14 ( )

15. Semantic feature analysis4)

16. Pragmatics
How speakers use language in order to achieve their goals and how hearers understand the meaning speakers wish to convey.
No necessary connection between the literal meaning of an utterance and the message behind the meaning: ”It’s hot in here!”
Utterance meaning: Temp is high!
Utterance force/message: Open the window!

17. ’point to something/pointing (via language)’
Deixis
We need to know the context, otherwise we cannot interpret the word. Deixis, deictic words. Today, tomoorrow, ou me she heim it them,
’point to something/pointing (via language)’

18. Terminology Anaphora Inference Presupposition Speech acts
Direct and indirect
…politeness, face-threatening act…

19. Seminar - Pragmatics
The four sharings: Worksheet 3: Qs 18-26

20. Discourse analysis
The branch of linguistics that deals with the study and application of approaches to analyze written, spoken or signed language
Bla, bla

21. The Gricean maxims Quantity Quality Relation Manner
The co-operative principle
Herbert Paul Grice (March 13, 1913, Birmingham, England – August 28, 1988, Berkeley, California),[1] usually publishing under the name H. P. Grice, H. Paul Grice, or Paul Grice, was a British-educated philosopher of language, who spent the final two decades of his career in the United States.
Born and raised in the United Kingdom, he was educated at Clifton College and then at Corpus Christi College, Oxford.[1][2] After brief period teaching at Rossall,[2] he went back to Oxford where he taught until In that year, he moved to the United States to take up a professorship at the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught until his death in He returned to the UK in 1979 to give the John Locke lectures on Aspects of Reason. He reprinted many of his essays and papers in his valedictory book, Studies in the Way of Words (1989).[1]
He was married and had two children. He and his wife lived in an old Spanish style house in the Berkeley Hills.

22. Be relevant

23. What’s the implicature?
-How did you like the guest speaker? -Well, I’m sure his was speaking English.

24. Cohesion vs coherence? ?

25. Seminar - Discourse analysis
The four sharings: Worksheet 3: Qs 27-29

26. Preparation meeting 4 Read chapter 13: Language and the brain
Read chapter 14: First language acquisition
Read chapter 15: Second language acquisition

27. Studying abroad? Five grants! 25,000 SEK Fall ’10 Outside Europe

28. The end
Good luck studying
Goodbye!