1. The Byzantine Empire

2. Table of Contents update- week one
Page 57 – Chapter 12 vocabulary
Page 58 – Map of the Byzantine Empire
Page 59 – Notes “Geography of the Byzantine Empire”
Pages 60&61 – “Constantinople- The New Rome”
Page 62 – Warm Ups week of March 20
Table of Contents update- week one

3. Chapter 12 Vocabulary p. 57 1. strait 2. crossroads 3. diversity
4. heresy
5. divine
6. mosaic
7. icon
8. hippodrome
9. cathedral
Chapter 12 Vocabulary p. 57

4. Map of byzantine empire p. 58
Label the following:
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
Red Sea
Anatolia
Macedonia
Italy
Egypt
Rome
Constantinople
Alexandria
Jerusalem
Damascus
Map of byzantine empire p. 58

5. Geography of the Byzantine empire p. 59
Constantinople was located on the crossroads of many trade routes connecting Europe to Asia (Silk Road)
This led to many people settling down in the city, thus creating a diverse population
The location on the Bosporus Strait allowed the empire to control, which would create wealth and power
Without any natural barriers to protect them, the empire was constantly having to defend its borders
Geography of the Byzantine empire p. 59

6. Constantinople-The New Rome pages 60&61
Introduction
R.A.C.E. Why did Constantine chose the Bosporus for the site of his new capital?
Explain the tetrarchy and why it was needed.
Solidifying Power
R.A.C.E. What sent the Roman Empire into a civil war?
Who did Constantine give credit to for his victories?
Old and New Gods
R.A.C.E. Explain the effect of the Edict of Milan.
Why would integrating Christians into Constantinople be a “delicate balancing act”?
Constantinople-The New Rome pages 60&61

7. Constantinople-The New Rome pages 60&61
Divine Influences
R.A.C.E. Explain how Constantine’s decision to use pagan imagery was a “calculated and shrewd one.”
What is one similar trait between Christianity and paganism?
Cities Rise and Fall
R.A.C.E. Explain why Constantinople would no longer be known as, “the other Rome”?
According to the map at the end of the article, what was the Mese?
Constantinople-The New Rome pages 60&61

8. Table of Contents update – week two
Page 63- warm ups week of March 27
Page 64- Biography of Justinian
Page 65- Biography of Theodora
Page Web Quest on the rule of Justinian
Pages Notes on Politics and the Church
Pages Notes on the Great Schism
Table of Contents update – week two

9. Biography of Justinian page 64
Background:
Born to peasant family
Uncle was a powerful general who gave him many important jobs
Very intelligent and ambitious
Accomplishments:
Expanded the empire’s borders
Built the Hagia Sophia, largest cathedral at the time
Justinian Code- Roman law that is still the basis of many European governments today
Major Challenge:
Almost lost his throne during the worst riot in Byzantine history
Biography of Justinian page 64

10. Biography of Theodora page 65
Background:
Born to a low class family
Very intelligent
Accomplishments:
Had a huge influence on imperial policy
Probably behind laws protecting women, children, and Christian minority groups
Saved Justinian’s crown during a major riot
Challenge:
Couldn’t escape insults from her past
Biography of Theodora page 65

11. The Greens and the Blues were constantly fighting each other
The Greens and the Blues were constantly fighting each other. Justinian united them by interfering with their conflicts, taxes, and by marrying Theodora
The Nika Revolt lasted for about five days were rioters burned much of the city
Justinian ended the revolt by trapping citizens inside the hippodrome and having Scandinavian mercenaries slaughtering 30,000 people.
The Nika revolt

12. The Hagia Sophia and iconoclasm
The Hagia Sophia was a cathedral and its name means “holy wisdom”
The original Hagia Sophia was burned during the Nika Riots
The building of the church could’ve been a triumph for Justinian because it showed his ability to oversee such a huge construction project. It could have been a triumph for the church, as it shows how far they have come from being persecuted to have the largest cathedral in the world
Iconoclasm was a dispute over the use of religious images
The Hagia Sophia and iconoclasm

13. Politics and the church
The Byzantine Empire was a Christian state, which means religion heavily influenced politics.
The Church was led by 5 patriarchs located in: Alexandria, Jerusalem, Antioch, Constantinople, and Rome
The pope in Rome was above all others and many considered him to be over all Christians
The was a close and fragile relationship between the emperor and the Church
Justinian claimed that God desired him to be emperor and the Church backed up this claim, validating his rule. The Hagia Sophia was built, in part, to keep this good relationship
Politics and the church

14. The Demise of the byzantine empire
565
Justinian dies and leaves empire nearly bankrupt
Plague reappears, leaving many dead
634
Empire has confronted a new rival, Islam. Arabs conquered Egypt, disrupting the empire’s main source of grain
711
Arabs have conquered Syria, parts of SW Asia, and North Africa
1054
East-West Schism-church split after Pope excommunicated the patriarch of Constantinople and patriarch of Constantinople excommunicated the Pope
1096
Crusade army is launched to fight the spread of Islam
1204
Crusade army sacked and occupied Constantinople
1453
Turks (Muslims) finally take Constantinople and kill the emperor
The Demise of the byzantine empire