1. Unit 1 Federalist Period Washington’s Administration

2. George Washington and his influence on the New Government

3. Washington’s Cabinet Washington was elected president in 1789
John Adams was elected Vice President
Washington and Adams were the only members of the executive branch
Washington used his position as the first president to CREATE the executive branch

4. The Cabinet Makes up the various branches of the Executive Branch
The Members of the Cabinet acts as advisors to the President

5. The First U.S. Cabinet Attorney General Edmund Randolph
The Country’s Chief Legal
Officer
Legal Advisor to the
President

6. The First U.S. Cabinet Secretary of War Henry Knox In charge of
The War Department
Chief Military advisor to the
President

7. The First U.S. Cabinet Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson
In charge of the State
Department
President’s chief advisor
on foreign affairs

8. Jefferson became one of Washington’s harshest critics

9. WHY ?????

10. Jefferson was an Anti-Federalist He distrusted the new strong central government

11. The First U.S. Cabinet Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton
In charge of the Treasury
Department
Chief Financial advisor
to the President

12. The Nation’s Capital
Located in the South (deal to get support for Hamilton’s Financial Plan)
Located on a ten mile stretch of land along the Potomac river
Called the District of Columbia
Built along the Virginia and Maryland border

13. The Nation’s Capital Land was surveyed by Benjamin Banneker,
and African-American
mathematician
French artist and architect
Pierre-Charles L’ Enfant
developed the plan for the city

14. Pierre-Charles L’ Enfant plan for Washington DC

15. Hamilton’s Financial Plan Goals
Stabilize the U.S economy
Stabilize the U.S. currency system
Bring in much needed money to the new Federal Government
Develop support for the new government
Develop a policy that helped to support trade and industry

16. Hamilton’s Financial Plan
The Tariff Act of 1789
The Federal Government Finances the Revolutionary War debt
Create a National Bank
The Whiskey Tax

17. The Tariff Act of 1789
Put a 5% tariff on all goods entering the country
Made U.S. products more competitive with British goods
Raised much needed revenue for the Federal Government

18. The Federal Government Finances the Revolutionary War debt
U.S. Government promises to pay all money and bonuses owed Revolutionary War Soldiers
U.S. Government announced that it would pay back all bonds at full value
U.S. Government assumes ALL the war debts of the States

19. How does Hamilton plan on doing this????
By selling more bonds
Hamilton Used DEBT to CEMENT the country together

20. People who bought bonds wanted to see the new government succeed
Those who already had bonds and were owed money wanted to see the Federal government succeed so they would get their money
The states would support the Federal Government because they cleared their debt
The People who bought the bonds now had a stake in the success of the NEW Federal Government

21. The Whiskey Tax
Hamilton proposed and Congress passed a law place a 25% tax on all whiskey
Farmers in Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax and started a revolt
Washington took an army of 12,900 soldiers out Pennsylvania to put down the revolt

22. When Washington got there, the rebels had disappeared???
The show force was ALL the Federal Government needed to put down the rebellion
This was the FIRST test of the power of the new Federal Government and it showed that the Federal Government could handle such problems

23. The First National Bank

24. Why Hamilton wanted the Bank?
Federal Government could use the bank to handle government money
The bank could lend money to finance new businesses
The National Bank could print Bank Notes and regulate currency flow

25. Congress passed the bank Charter Act and Thomas Jefferson went CRAZY
Jefferson said that Congress DID NOT have the power to create a Bank

26. Hamilton DISAGREED and argued that Congress did have the power to create a Bank

27. Both Hamilton and Jefferson stated that “necessary and proper” clause supported their point of view

28. The different Views
Jefferson said that the Necessary and Proper Clause limited Congress’ power
He was taking a narrow interpretation of the clause
Hamilton said that the Necessary and Proper Clause expanded the power of Congress
He was taking a broad interpretation of the clause

29. The different Views
Jefferson is taking a STRICT Interpretation of the Constitution
STRICT CONSTRUCTIONISM
Hamilton is taking a LOOSE Interpretation of the Constitution
LOOSE CONSTRUCTIONISM

30. Washington accepted Hamilton’s argument and sign the Bank Charter Act

31. Guess What This not the Last of the National Bank Issue

32. Federalist vs. Antifederalits
Led by Alexander Hamilton John Jay and James Madison
Believed in a strong central government weak state governments and supported the Constitution
Backed policies that supported business interests
Back a strong military
Support policies friendly to England
Wrote a series of articles called the Federalist Papers which argued in favor of supporting the new Constitution
Felt that the new nation should build its' economy on business and industry
Led by Thomas Jefferson
Believed in a weak central government and strong state governments
Backed policies that supported farmers
Wanted a weak military
Supported policies friendly towards France
Felt that the new nation should be a nation of land owning farmers
They would later call themselves the Democratic-Republicans
Loose Constructionism
Strict Constructionism