1. Daily drill question: What does psychotherapy mean?
DAILY DRILL
SWBAT: Students will be able to identify cures or treatments for psychological disorders
Daily drill question: What does psychotherapy mean?

2. Daily drill question: What does psychotherapy mean?
DAILY DRILL
SWBAT: Students will be able to identify cures or treatments for psychological disorders
Daily drill question: What does psychotherapy mean?
Awn: To assist someone seeking to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth.

3. Unit 13: Treatment of Abnormal Behavior

4. Unit 13 - Overview
Introduction to Therapy, and Psychodynamic and Humanistic Therapies
Behavior, Cognitive, and Group Therapies
Evaluating Psychotherapies and Prevention Strategies
The Biomedical Therapies
Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.

5. Module 70: Introduction to Therapy, and Psychodynamic and Humanistic Therapies

6. Introduction to Therapy
History of treatment
Philippe Pinel
Dorothea Dix
Psychotherapy
Biomedical therapy
Eclectic approach

7. unorthodox therapy
Visitors in the 18th century would get paid to gawk at patients with mental disabilities as if they were animals.

8. Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy
Insight
Method used by Freud..
We disallow or deny things that are perceived as threats without knowing we are repressing these actions.
Promotes a healthier less anxious style of living.
Attempts to bring repressed info into consciousness.

9. Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy Techniques
Free association-allowing people to speak their mind and searching for pauses and changes of subject.
Resistance-blocks in memory indicates a repressed memory that may be embarrassing or repressed in hopes of being forgotten.
Interpretation-avoiding a topic of conversation may indicates one sort of underlying wishes feelings and conflicts about that topic.
Dream analysis-interpretation of dreams to relate some sort of message or meaning.
Transference-transferring feelings to something/someone else.

10. Humanistic Therapies Insight therapies Humanistic therapies promote:
Helps with self awareness and self- acceptance as well as self-fulfillment.
Not focused on curing illnesses
Taking responsibility for ones own actions.

11. Humanistic Therapies Client-centered therapy
Nondirective therapy (people not patients)
Genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
Active listening
Paraphrase (use people's own words)
Invite clarification ("can you provide an example?")
Reflect feelings ("it sounds frustrating")
Unconditional positive regard

12. Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Therapy Psychodynamic Therapy
Aims of psychodynamic therapy
Hopes to help patients understand their symptoms.
Important Relationships
-childhood experiences

13. Exit ticket
Many clinical psychologist incorporate a variety of approaches into their therapy they are said to take an ___________ approach.

14.
Daily drill
SWBAT about behavior, Cognitive, and group therapies for disorders DQ: behavior therapy is..?

15.
Daily drill
SWBAT about behavior, Cognitive, and group therapies for disorders DQ: behavior therapy is..? DA: therapy that applies learning principles to have elimination of unwanted behaviors.

16. MODULE 71 Behavior, Cognitive, and group therapies
Explain how the basic assumption of behavior therapy differs from those of psychodynamic and humanistic therapies, and describe the technique used in exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
State the main premise of therapy based on operant conditioning principles, and describe the views of its proponents and critics.
Discuss the goal and technique of cognitive therapy and of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Discuss the aims and benefits of group and family therapy.

17. Behavior Therapies Behavior Therapy
Classical conditioning techniques- counterconditioning,exposure,systematic desensitization.
Operant conditioning techniques-token economy.

18. Behavior Therapies Classical Conditioning Techniques
Counterconditioning-Behavior therapy that uses classical conditioning to envoys new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted responses.
Exposure therapies- treatment by exposing people to things they fear or avoid.
Systematic desensitization- a relaxed state that slowly exposes people to anxiety triggering stimuli.
Virtual reality exposure therapy-electronically exposes people to their greatest fears.
Aversive conditioning- associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.

19. Behavior Therapies Classical Conditioning Techniques: Aversive Conditioning

20. Behavior Therapies Operant Conditioning
Behavior modification-reinforcing good behaviors while holding reinforcement for unwanted behaviors.
Token economy-earning a token for a desired behavior which they can redeem for a reward later.
Criticisms
How durable are the behaviors?
Is it right for one human to control another’s behavior?

21. Cognitive Therapies Cognitive therapy
Rational-emotive therapy-challenges peoples illogical self defeating attitudes and assumptions.
Aaron Beck’s therapy for depression-simple questioning of bad thoughts and low self esteem.
Cognitive behavioral therapy-changing self defeating thinking and changing behavior at the same time.

22. Cognitive Therapies

23. Cognitive Therapies Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Albert Ellis
Irrational thinking
Challenge people’s way of thinking

24. Cognitive Therapies Aaron Beck’s Therapy for Depression
Catastrophizing beliefs
Reveals irrational thinking
Gentler than rational-emotive therapy

25. Cognitive Therapies Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Combines cognitive and behavioral therapies
Aims to change the person’s thinking and behavior

26. Cognitive Therapies

27. Comparing Modern Psychotherapies

28. Group and Family Therapies
Group therapy-saves money,develops social skills.
Family therapy-working with multiple family members to solve an issue.
Self-help groups-relate to people with similar issues.

29. EXIST TICKET
What is one type of therapy you learned today and what does it mean?

30.
Daily drill
SWBAT how to evaluate Psychotherapies and prevention Strategies
DQ: does psychotherapy work for everyone?

31.
Daily drill
SWBAT how to evaluate Psychotherapies and prevention Strategies
DQ: does psychotherapy work for everyone?
DA: that is truly on who the person is if they feel it could work.

33. Evaluating Psychotherapies Is Psychotherapy Effective?
Client’s perceptions-people usually enter in crisis, they need to believe therapy is worth it,clients usually speak well of their therapist.
Clinician’s perceptions-believe in success of therapy.
Outcome research
Meta-analysis
Statistically combing results of
Many different research studies.

34. Evaluating Psychotherapies The Relative Effectiveness of Different Psychotherapies
Evidence-based practice-decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient Characteristics and preferences.

35. Evaluating Psychotherapies Evaluating Alternative Therapies
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)-able to calm anxiousness and recall memories by quickly moving eyes.
Light exposure therapy-Daily dose of light
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)-evolutionary perspective

36. Evaluating Psychotherapies Commonalities Among Psychotherapies
Hope for demoralized people
A new perspective
An empathic, trusting, caring relationship
Therapeutic alliance-bond and trust between therapist and client.

37. Similarities between cultures. --Cultural values,religion,gender
Evaluating Psychotherapies Culture, Gender, and Values in Psychotherapy
Similarities between cultures.
--Cultural values,religion,gender
Differences between cultures

38. Therapist and their Training

39. Preventing Psychological Disorders
Resilience-personal strength that helps people cope with stress and recover from adversity.
Preventing psychological disorders-self esteem,confidence, resilience,and being mental well and stable.

40. Exist ticket What does evidence-based practice mean?
Clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

41. Daily drill 4-1-16 SWBAT the Biomedical Therapies.
DQ: do you think that a placebo pill could make a person feel better?

42. Daily drill 4-1-16 SWBAT the Biomedical Therapies.
DQ: do you think that a placebo pill could make a person feel better?
DA: YES

44. Drug Therapies
Psychopharmacology-The study of the effects of drugs on the mind and behaviors.
Factors to consider with drug therapy
Normal recovery rate of untreated patients
Placebo effect
Double blind procedure-neither patient nor therapist know which is the placebo.

45. Drug Therapies Antipsychotic Drugs
Antipsychotic drugs-drugs used to treat severe thought disorders.
Psychoses
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Dopamine
Tardive dyskinesia
Risperidone and olanzapine

46. Drug Therapies Antianxiety Drugs
Antianxiety drugs-drugs used to control anxiety.
Xanax, Ativan, D-cycloserine
Physiological dependence

47. Drug Therapies Antidepressant Drugs
Antidepressant drugs-treat depression and anxiety etc…
Use with mood and anxiety disorders
Fluoxetine (Prozac), Paxil
Selective-serotonin-reuptake inhibitors
Neurogenesis
Side effects of antidepressants-can become addictive.

48. Drug Therapies Antidepressant Drugs

49. Drug Therapies Mood Stabilizing Medications
Lithium
Depakote
Used to treat things like bipolar disorder.

50. Brain Stimulation

51. Brain Stimulation Electroconvulsive Therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy-electrical current sent through brain
Procedure-strapped to a table where electric current is sent through brain (100 volts)
Severe depression
Problems/side effects-possibly short term memory loss.

52. Brain Stimulation Electroconvulsive Therapy

53. Brain Stimulation Alternative Neurostimulation Therapies
Magnetic Stimulation
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulations (rTMS)-repeated magnetic pulses sent to the brain used for stimulation of brain.
Deep-Brain Stimulation- implanted electrode pacemaker.

54. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulations (rTMS)

55. Psychosurgery

56. Psychosurgery Psychosurgery
Lobotomy-cutting the nerves that connect to the frontal lobes and to the emotion controlling centers in the brain.
History-1930 Egas Moniz
Procedure
Side effects-permanently made people lethargic,immature etc
Use today- last resort

57. Therapeutic Lifestyle Change

58. Therapeutic Lifestyle Change
Integrated biopsychosocial system
Therapeutic life-style change
Aerobic exercise-30 mid a day 3 days a week.
Adequate sleep-7-8 hours a night
Light exposure-30 mins each morning
Social connection- 2 engagements weekly
Anti-rumination-thinking positive
Nutritional supplements-fish oil, fatty acid

59. Comparing Biomedical Therapies

60. Exit ticket
What's one type of biomedical therapy that is used that can work on patients today?

61. The End

62. Teacher Information Types of Files Animation
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Animation
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Adding slides to this presentation
Teachers are encouraged to adapt this presentation to their personal teaching style. To help keep a sense of continuity, blank slides which can be copied and pasted to a specific location in the presentation follow this “Teacher Information” section.

63. Teacher Information Unit Coding
Just as Myers’ Psychology for AP 2e is color coded to the College Board AP Psychology Course Description (Acorn Book) Units, so are these Powerpoints. The primary background color of each slide indicates the specific textbook unit.
Psychology’s History and Approaches
Research Methods
Biological Bases of Behavior
Sensation and Perception
States of Consciousness
Learning
Cognition
Motivation, Emotion, and Stress
Developmental Psychology
Personality
Testing and Individual Differences
Abnormal Psychology
Treatment of Abnormal Behavior
Social Psychology

64. Teacher Information
Hyperlink Slides - This presentation contain two types of hyperlinks. Hyperlinks can be identified by the text being underlined and a different color (usually purple).
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These hyperlinks were included for teachers who want students to see or copy down the exact definition as stated in the text. Most teachers prefer the definitions not be included to prevent students from only “copying down what is on the screen” and not actively listening to the presentation.
For teachers who continually use the Bold Print Term Hyperlinks option, please contact the author using the address on the next slide to learn a technique to expedite the returning to the original point in the presentation.

65. Teacher Information Continuity slides
Throughout this presentation there are slides, usually of graphics or tables, that build on one another. These are included for three purposes.
By presenting information in small chunks, students will find it easier to process and remember the concepts.
By continually changing slides, students will stay interested in the presentation.
To facilitate class discussion and critical thinking. Students should be encouraged to think about “what might come next” in the series of slides.
Please feel free to contact me at with any questions, concerns, suggestions, etc. regarding these presentations.
Kent Korek
Germantown High School
Germantown, WI 53022

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69. Definition Slides

70. Psychotherapy
= treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

71. Biomedical Therapy
= prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s physiology.

72. Eclectic Approach
= an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

73. Psychoanalysis
= Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences – and the therapist’s interpretations of them – released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

74. Resistance
= in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

75. Interpretation
= in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

76. Transference
= in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

77. Psychodynamic Therapy
= therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self- insight.

78. Insight Therapies
= a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a client’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

79. Client-Centered Therapy
= a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate client’s growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

80. Active Listening
= empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Roger’s client-centered therapy.

81. Unconditional Positive Regard
= a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

82. Behavior Therapy
= therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

83. Counterconditioning
= a behavior therapy procedure that used classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

84. Exposure Therapies
= behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

85. Systematic Desensitization
= a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed sate with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

86. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy
= an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

87. Aversive Conditioning
= a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

88. Token Economy
= an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats.

89. Cognitive Therapy
= therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

90. Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
= a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions.

91. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
= a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

92. Group Therapy
= therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction.

93. Family Therapy
= therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

94. Regression Toward the Mean
= the tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

95. Meta-Analysis
= a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

96. Evidence-Based Practice
= clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

97. Therapeutic Alliance
= a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’s problem.

98. Resilience
= the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.

99. Psychopharmacology
= the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

100. Antipsychotic Drugs
= drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

101. Antianxiety Drugs
= drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.

102. Antidepressant Drugs
= drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive- compulsive disorders, and posttraumatic stress disorder. (Several widely used antidepressants are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors – SSRIs.)

103. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
= a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

104. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
= the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

105. Psychosurgery
= surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

106. Lobotomy
= a now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion- controlling centers of the inner brain.