1. Ubonrat Siriyuvasak 30 July 2013
PEOPLE’S MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION RIGHTS IN INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES
Ubonrat Siriyuvasak
30 July 2013
people's media

2. People’s Media and Communication Rights
Some names
people’s media
alternative media
citizens’ media
radical media
medias libres
participatory media
community media
grassroots media
people's media

3. People’s Media Characteristics small independent non-commercial
non-profit
Activities
media activism
radicalism
underground
alternative media activities
people's media

4. Citizens’ Media
Citizens’ media articulates the metamorphic transformation of alternative media
participants (community media or alternative media) into active citizens.
Citizens’ media is a concept that accounts for the processes of empowerment, conscienti-
zation, and fragmentation of power.
people's media

5. Citizens’ Media
Men, women, and youth gain access to and re-claim their own media. As they use media to re-constitute their own cultural codes to name the world in their own terms.
Citizens’ media participants disrupt power relationships, exercise their own agency, and re-constitute their own lives, futures, and cultures (Rodriguez 2004, 18).
people's media

6. People’s Media To struggle for the right to speak
To gain freedom of association, idea and expression
To resist and criticize
To oppose state terror, injustice and oppression
To be heard and understood by the public and by the ‘established power’
people's media

7. Communication Rights Bill of Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19
national constitution
People’s Communication Charter
people's media

8. People’s Communication Charter
The People’s Communication Charter called for a shift of the concept of communication and media in which communication contribute to the ‘empowerment’ of people and the improvement of the communication environment
people's media

9. People’s Media Organization
Who are they ?
Media Democratization Activist
The mission (locally and globally)
To achieve a more democratic media culture
To strive for democratic media structure
people's media

10. Media Democratization Activism (1)
influencing content and practices of mainstream media
advocating for reform of government policy/regulation of media in order to change the very structure of media institutions
people's media

11. Media Democratization Activism (2)
building independent, democratic and participatory media to give voice to the marginalized
changing the relationship between audiences and media, chiefly by empowering audiences to be more critical of hegemonic media
people's media

12. Indonesia From political press to commercial press
during Soeharto’s ‘new order’ ( )
‘neutralized’ and ‘depoliticized’
institutionalized into the modernization scheme
centralization to Java
publishing license, Surat Ijin Usaha Penerbitan Pers (SIUPP) or Press Publication Enterprise Permit
people's media

13. Press resistance in Soeharto’s ‘New Order’
1994 >
journalist union–Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) or the Alliance of Independent Journalist
Institut Studi Arus Informasi (ISAI) or the Institute of the Studies of Free Flow of Information
people's media

14. Underground press
Independen (Independent) > Suara Independen (Voice of Independence),
Xpos (Expose)
AJI News (on the internet)
Siar (Broadcast)
TNI Watch (Army Watch)
‘Apakabar’ (on the internet)
people's media

15. Reformasi and People’s Media
1998 >
New press freedom after ‘May Tragedy’ 1998
legal reform
New Press Law (1999)
New Broadcasting Law (2002)
Ministry of Information abolished
people's media

16. Community Radio (1)
‘Angkringan Radio’ and ‘Angkringan Newsletter’ (Yogyakarta)
Angkringan means a small food and drink stall, the popular road side café, for the community.
It is an open forum where information exchange and communication take place
Angkringan : monitor local government
Angkringan : new channel of independent and participatory communication for Timbulharjo
people's media

17. Community Radio (2) Radio Cibangkong (Bandung)
Mobilizing Cibangkong villagers against corporate encroachment
Creating a forum for ‘citizen solidarity’
‘peace building’ between youth groups
people's media

18. Community Radio (3)
Balai Budaya Minomartani or Encounter Radio (Sleman)
Cultural forum and community identity
empowerment and socio-cultural integration between religious and ethnic groups
people's media

19. Radio News Network Radio News Agency 68H > 68H Radio
‘Independen, Bisa Dipercaya’ or ‘independent and trustworthy’
Networking news to 400 stations in Indonesia
people's media

20. Neighbourhood Internet Network
Community-based internet network using wireless internet technology
Creating a a broad bottom-up internet infrastructure
Creating consciousness on communication right through the process of self-learning technology
people's media

21. The Philippines Nationalist Movement (19th century)
The Propaganda Movement
‘La Solidaridad’
Jose Rizal’s novels
Noli Me Tangere
El Filibusterismo
people's media

22. Alternative press and popular opposition
Ferdinand Marcos and Martial Law (1972)
Strict censorship
‘independent press’ transformed into ‘crony press’
people's media

23. Mosquito Press vs Crony Press (1983 >)
Malaya and We Forum (Burgos)
Philippine Collegian (UP)
Business Day
Radio Veritas (Cardinal Sin, Philippine Catholic Church)
Mr. & Ms. Special Edition > Weekly Inquirer (Jimenez-Magsanoc)
people's media

24. The EDSA Revolution (1986)
Radio Veritas mobilizing the masses against Marcos
Channel 4 and 9 were used by Marcos to counter Radio Veritas
alternative radio and newspapers keep demonstrators informed and mobilize people to participate in the People Power movement
people's media

25. EDSA 2 (2001) Multi-media People’s Revolt
Networking of ‘virtual citizens’
(locally and globally)
Texting / SMS (mobile phone)
The internet (internet)
Mass media (mainstream television, radio)
4-day protests
1-5 millions demonstrators at EDSA & nation wide
1.16 billion text messages across the network
people's media

26. EDSA 1 – EDSA 2 EDSA 1 politician & church organising the public
Public organising different groups of people from different social backgrounds and political shades
people's media

27. EDSA 2 & Democratisation of communication network
Personal and private communica- tion networks were transformed into citizen networks and eventually connected to the larger public and politically active networks of communication and action such as KOMPIL and BAYAN
people's media

28. Access to Public Information and Investigative Journalism
Investigative Reporting
use of public record
extensive interview
in-depth and long-term research
people's media

29. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism (PCIJ) – 1989
PCIJ information distribution network
‘i-site’ section
i magazine
Limited number of mainstream media
people's media

30. PCIJ and EDSA 2
Sheila Coronel, PCIJ Executive Director and 2003 Magsaysay Laureate
“by constantly digging for information, by forcing government and the private sector to release documents, and by subjecting officials and other powerful individuals to rigorous questioning, investigative journalists expand the boundaries of what is possible to print or air.”
people's media

31. People’s Media Activism
PCIJ’s investigative reports on President’s Estrada unexplained wealth
Media report and television live coverage of the impeachment trial
Multi-media networking of information and communication bring about citizen empowerment
people's media

32. Democratization of Media Structure (1)
People networking, speaking and participating through old and new means of information technologies
Communication which is relevant and dialogic and horizontal in nature
people's media

33. Democratization of Media Structure (2)
restructuring the political economy of communications infrastructure and cultural environment
People being conscientized and empowered as active citizen
people's media