1. Adapted from Kaplan SAT Premier 2017 Chapter 23
Sentence Structure
Adapted from Kaplan
SAT Premier 2017
Chapter 23

2. Run-Ons and Fragments
A complete sentence must have a subject and predicate verb in an independent clause that expresses a complete thought.
If any of the above elements are missing, the sentence is a fragment.
It is a fragment if it doesn’t make sense.
*See examples on page 517 of the text.
If a sentence has more than one independent clause, the clauses must be properly joined. Otherwise it is a run-on.
*See the chart on page 517

3. Coordination Clauses
Questions focus on the relationship between clauses.
Coordinate clauses are independent clauses that can stand alone and express a complete thought.
Two or more independent clauses, properly joined, make a compound sentence.
Compound sentences are joined by a comma and conjunction.

4. Subordinate Clauses
Subordinate clauses can’t stand alone and make sense.
A subordinate clause joined by a connecting word to an independent clause is a complex sentence.
The subordinate clause provides additional support that modifies or clarifies the central idea.
The central idea of the sentence is changed depending upon which clause is subordinated.
See the examples on page 518 of the text.

5. Parallelism
Items in a series, list, or compound must be parallel in form.
Series, lists and compounds may contain nouns, adjectives, adverbs or verb forms.
See the examples on page 519 of the text.

6. Modifiers
Modifiers are words or groups of words that describe, clarify, or provide additional information about another part of the sentence.
Modifier questions require you to identify the part of a sentence being modified and use the appropriate modifier in the proper place.
Use context clues to identify the correct placement of a modifier.
See pages of the textbook for examples.

7. Verb Tense, Mood and Voice
Identify and replace unnecessary shifts in verb tense, mood, and voice.
Read around the underlined portion to identify the error.
In questions about shifts in construction, the underlined segment must logically match the tense, mood and voice in other parts of the sentence.
Verb tense places the action or state of being described by the verb into a place of time (past, present, future).
Each tense has three forms (simple, progressive, perfect).
Mood indicates the attitude of the speaker.
Voice describes the relationship between the action expressed by the verb and the subject.
See the charts on pages of your text.

8. Pronouns
Pronouns must agree with the noun they are replacing in person and number.
See the chart on page 521of your text.

9. Go to pages of the text.
Review the techniques from this presentation to answer the questions.
Discuss the process and answers with your teacher.
Complete the exercises on pages as if it is Test Day.
Review the answers with your teacher.