1. actual victimizations known to police arrests convictions
The Felony Funnel
actual
victimizations
known to police
arrests
convictions

2. Annual Felony Convictions in State Courts
Murder – between 8,500 to 9,000
Rape – 30,000 to 35,000
Robbery – 40,000 to 45,000
Aggravated Assault – 100,000 to 105,000
Burglary – 95,000 to 100,000
Larceny – 125,000 to 130,000
Drugs – 370,000 to 380,000
Total – roughly 1.1 million

3. actual victimizations known to police arrests 1.1 M convictions
The Felony Funnel
actual
victimizations
known to police
arrests
1.1 M convictions

4. Felony Sentence Sanction Dispositions (State Courts)
Prison – 40%
Jail – 30%
Probation – 30%
Mean Prison Sentence – approx. 60 months
Mean Jail Sentence – approx. 6 months
Mean Probation Sentence – approx. 40 months

5. Aggravated Assault – 375,000 to 385,000 Burglary – 205,000 to 210,000
Felony Arrests
Murder – between 11,000 and 12,000
Rape – 22,000 to 24,000
Robbery – 90,000 to 100,000
Aggravated Assault – 375,000 to 385,000
Burglary – 205,000 to 210,000
Larceny – 1.0 to 1.2 million
Auto Theft – 85,000 to 90,000
Drugs – 1.5 to 1.7 million
Total Index Arrests – 1.87 million

6. actual victimizations known to police 1.9 M arrests 1.1 M convictions
The Felony Funnel
actual
victimizations
known to police
1.9 M arrests
1.1 M convictions

7. Felony Arrests - Synopsis
Violent crimes – 500,000
Property crimes – 1.3 to 1.5 million
Total index crimes – 1.85 to 2.0 million

8. Uniform Crime Reports Year Total Rate Murder Rape Robbery 1980 13.4 M
5,950
23,040
82,990
565,840
1990
14.5 M
5,820
23,440
102,560
639,270
2000
11.6 M
4,124
15,586
90,186
407,842
2010
10.33 M
3,346
14,748
84,767
367,832
2015
9.2 M
2,860
15,696
124,047
327,374
2016
2,837
17,250
130,603
332,198

9. The Felony Funnel actual victimizations 9.2 M known to police
1.9 M arrests
1.1 M convictions

10. UCR Murder Rates (per 100,000) 1900 – 1.2 (914 murders)

11. UCR Murder Rates
Homicide rates have been dropping since 1980, but they are nowhere near the rates we experienced at the turn of the last century (914 murders; rate of 1.2/100,000 in 1900)
We are now returning to more of what we experienced from the outset of WWII until the mid-1960s.
The odds of a white female being murdered in her lifetime is now around 1:800, while the odds of a black male being murdered in his lifetime is around 1:40.
The murder rate capital of the U.S. (major cities) –
#1 - St. Louis
#2 - Baltimore
#3 - Detroit

12. UCR Rape Rates
A new method of accounting for rape in the UCR reports was devised in Police now get roughly 130,000 reports of rape/year.
Roughly % of the sexual assault cases reported to the police result in an arrest, and 80% of those individuals are convicted of something – roughly a 15% conviction rate for rapes known to the police.
Most rapes go un-reported. It is estimated that the actual number of rapes in the U.S. is around 3 to 4 million/year.
Females have a 20% chance of being raped in their lifetime in America.

13. UCR Property Crime Data - 2016
Burglary
1.52 million episodes reported
70% residential $3.6 billion in losses ($2,361/episode)
Larceny/Theft
5.64 million episodes reported
$5.6 billion in losses ($1,000/episode)
Auto Theft
765,484 cases reported
$5.9 billion in losses ($7,680 per episode)

14. Reported Crime Rate Factors
Reported crime rates are a function of a variety of factors: l. Department size 2. Citizen trust in the police 3. Education level of the officers 4. Confidence of the victim in the justice system 5. Education level of the victim 6. Social class of the victim 7. Race of the victim 8. If the victim had insurance 9. Overall fiscal resources of the victim 10. Relationship of the victim to the offender 11. Victim’s concern over unwanted publicity/embarrassment 12. Fear of reprisal from the offender if report

15. Reported Crime Rate Factors…continued
13. Unwilling to deal with the trauma of reporting
14. Aware you have been victimized
15. Victims sometimes don’t know where or how to report
16. Ethnic and social mores
17. Social class and status of the offender
18. Cumulative factor
19. Social significance, context, and relevance of the
crime
21. Department communication equipment
22. Fiscal resources of the police department
23. Mobility of the police officers
24. Visibility of the crime
25. Department policies

16. Victimization Surveys
Year
Total
Property
Violence
2000
25.9 M
19.3 M
6.6 M
2005
23.4 M
18.0 M
5.2 M
2010
20.3 M
15.4 M
4.9 M
2015
19.6 M
14.6 M
5.0 M

17. The Felony Funnel actual 19.6 M victimizations 9.2 M known to police
1.9 M arrests
1.1 M convictions

18. Violent Victimizations Reported (2015 data)
Overall – 5.0 M
Rape – 431,800
Robbery – 578,580
Agg. Assault – 816,760
Simple Assault – 3.18 m

19. Property Victimizations Reported (2015 data)
Overall – 14.6 M
Household Burglary – 2.9 m
Auto Theft – 564,160
Larceny/Theft – m

20. Percent of Crimes Reported to the Police (2015 data)
Assault (aggravated) – 62%
Assault (simple) – 42%
Auto Theft – 69%
Household Burglary – 51%
Larceny/Theft – 29%
Rape – 32.5%
Robbery – 62%
*****************************************
Overall Violent Crime – 46.5%
Overall Property Crime – 35%

21. Selected International Homicide Rates/100,000
Honduras Turkey El Salvador Chile Venezuela - 62 India Jamaica Chile Belize Canada South Africa France Guatemala Australia Bahamas England - .9 Colombia Germany - .9 St. Kitts/Nevis Hong Kong - .9 Trinidad/Tobago China - .8 Brazil South Korea - .7 Russia Norway - .6 Pakistan Indonesia - .5 United States Switzerland - .5 Ukraine Japan - .3 United States Singapore - .3 Egypt (data drawn from the UNODC) International average is 6.2/100,000. Western world tends to run below 2.0. Not counting nations involved in armed conflicts, there are roughly 500,000 homicides a year in the world at present.

22. Violent Crime Correlates
Gun accessibility
Alcohol accessibility
Externally based bio-chemical imbalances
Internally based bio-chemical imbalances
Psychological abnormalities
Overexposure to violence
Endless poverty
Lack legitimate means of responding to conflict
Gang wars
Social disorganization
Co-habitation
Instinctual violence
Turning points/tipping points

23. The Felony Funnel actual ?? 19.6 M victimizations
9.2 M known to police
1.9 M arrests
1.1 M convictions

24. Fear of Crime: Gender Differentiations
Men fear being the victims of different types of crime than do women.
Men and women engage in different types of risk avoidance in response to their fears.
Men are less fearful of becoming a victim, and consequently make fewer adjustments.

25. Fear of Crime: Age Differentiations
Though the elderly have the lowest victimization rate, they have the highest fear of crime. This is due largely to their low rebound factor. In the end, it is not the extent of crime, but the fear of crime that drives the field of pragmatic criminology.