1. Results and future outlook
AGRICULTURE
REMOTE SENSING
INNOVATION
ENVIRONMENT
Disentangle mechanisms of nitrogen and water availability on soybean yields
Research Objectives
Method and material: WOFOST-extension for Environmental Impact Analyses at JECAM sites
Material for testing
from NL and JECAM sites
Quantify impact of land use and management changes on soil hydrology, groundwater recharge, leaching of nitrates and crop growth
Quantify stress factors of the yield gap analyses
Use GIS, EO, combined with additional input variables
Model concatenation of crop water requirements and soil-water nutrient dynamics
Upscale results from analyses at JECAM sites to regional and global analyses
Dynamic modelling with tools Swap(water) – Wofost (crop growth)
Climate: be able to simulate extreme climate events like i) drought, ii) flooding and iii) temperature
Crops: i) be able to evaluate soy bean, maize, potatoes, winter wheat, grassland; ii) be able to deal with N-fixation, iii) be able to deal with crop rotation schemes
Nitrogen: i) impact of crop rotations, ii) N-fixation, iii) NO3-leaching
Fertilizer: i) distinguish between organic (manure) and inorganic fertilizers; ii) management/timing of fertilizer 
Several dataset for testing .
Using field experiments from:
The Netherlands
Ukraine
China
Russia
Belgium
Argentina
(JECAM sites)
Dataset from Argentina.
Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA):
15 Regional Centers
47 Experimental Stations
313 Extension Agencies
16 Research Institutes: Instituto de Clima y Agua
Soil hydrology
SWAP
Soil C and N
C + N-cycle
Roth-C
ANIMO
Crop C and N
WOFOST with N-extension
N-supply soil to crop
N-losses crop to soil
NO3-N
Results and future outlook
Results from testing
Sensitivity
Groundwater changes => Stress => Yield &Uptake
DM Yield
Field data are essential for validation, innovation and acceptance. Methods developed and results achieved contribute to a better interpretation of both remotely sensed data and field observations
Modelling of partitioning of water and nitrogen is required to understand the relation between soil quality and product quality
Environmental Impact Analyses are of interest for land management decisions aiming for minimal pollution and optimal yields
Combination of high spatial resolution Remote Sensing and high temporal resolution modelling offers innovative solutions for sustainable food production
N Yield
Crop - partitioning
Dry Matter
Crop - partitioning
Nitrogen no
stress
N Leaching of NO3
Organs
Leaves
Shoots
Roots
Organs
Leaves
Shoots
Roots
drought stress
Organs
Leaves
Shoots
Roots
Organs
Leaves
Shoots
Roots
Joop Kroes 1,* – Piet Groenendijk 1 – Iwan Supit 1 – Allard de Wit 1 – Diego De Abelleyra2 – Santiago Ramon Vero2 1 Wageningen UR, the Netherlands, 2 Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Argentia,  * Corresponding author:
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