1. Chapter 18, Section 1 10/3/11: Monday
WWI Breaks Out
Chapter 18, Section 1
10/3/11: Monday

2. Why do wars usually begin?

3. I. MAIN causes of the War
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism

4. A. Militarism Definition: glorification of military strength
Race in arms
Bigger Better weapons

5. B. Alliances Nations forming alliances with other nations
Minor incident trigger major problems

6. Alliances Triple Alliance: Austria-Hungary, Italy, Germany
Triple Entente: Britain, France, Russia

7. Why would a country want colonies?
Imperialism
The Quest for colonial empires
Why would a country want colonies?
Markets
Natural resources
Strategic locations

8. C. Imperialism Competition for territories overseas
Reclaiming what was rightfully theirs

9. D. Nationalism Ethnic groups wanting independence
Example: Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
Albanians
Greeks
Romanians
Slavs

10. II. The War Breaks Out

11. A. Assassination of a Duke
How does a 19-year old start a World War?

12. Archduke Franz Ferdinand (A-H) visited Bosnia
Gavrilo Princip shot Franz and his wife
Austria Hungary (A-H) declared war on Serbia

13. Domino A-H Serbia A-H and Germany are like Serbia and Russia are like
France and Russia are like

14. B. The Teams Central Powers Allied Powers Germany Britain
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Emp.
Bulgaria
Allied Powers
Britain
France
Russia

15. starter:
Pick one of the MAIN causes and explain how it helped to start WWI

16. C. Germany’s Plan
Massive Strike against France and G.B. then worry about Russia ( 2 front war)
Schlieffan Plan: German forces invade France via Belgium

17. Early WWI Strategy and Response
Central Powers
Allied Powers
Early Strategy
Allied Response

18. Reading: Preparedness (pg. 585)
FRANCE
GERMANY

19. D. First Battle First Battle of the Marne (France)
Central pushed allies back to Marne River
Only to get pushed back by the allies
Both realized this is going to be a LONG WAR

20. III. The War Reaches a Stalemate

21. A. Trenches Long Ditches stretching for miles
Used as a type of defense
In the middle between 2 trenches
No Man’s Land
Caused a Stalemate among the Allies and Central Powers

22. B. New Weapons Poisonous gas Motorized armored Tank Airplanes
Aces – Pilots
Baron Manfred von Richthofen (RED BARON)

31. Trench Foot

34. WWI Tanks

42. Casualties From Gas - The Numbers
Country Total Casualties Death
Austria-Hungary 100,000
British Empire 188,706
France 190,000
Germany 200,000
Italy 60,000
Russia 419,340
USA 72,800
Others 10,000

60. United States Goes to War
Section 2

61. I U.S. Stays Neutral Remained Neutral in action
Population though choosing sides
Why?

62. U.S. still affected by war
British and German forces searched U.S. ships
Naval Blockade to warring nations
Dangerous to travel

63. II. Sinking of the Lusitania
British Passenger ship
128 American passengers
German U-boat sunk Lusitania
Germans believed it was carrying weapons

64. Germans “warned” Americans not to board the boat

66. III. Road to War A) Other Ships Sunk B) Sussex Pledge
Arabic (2 Americans)
Sussex (injuring several Am.)
B) Sussex Pledge
Promise made by Germany not to sink liners without ensuring the passengers’ safety

67. C) Choosing Sides While Neutral
Lent money to British and France
Traded war materials with Allies

68. D) Preparedness Wilson launched a “preparedness” program
National Defense Act – Increased # of soldiers in the army, navy, and Nat. Guard

69. IV. Going To War Germans Sank 5 American Merchants ships
Message intercepted from German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann
Zimmerman Note – Germans would help Mexico regain lost territory in South U.S.

70. April 2, 1917 Wilson addressed Congress for declaration of war

74. Activity: Decode the following Message

75. Cryptogram
FGAFA
AAVXA
DGAVX
VADAD
DVDDD
VGA
VXVDX
DVDDF
AFDXG
XGDDG
AVFDV X
VAAFX
GDADX
VDDXD
AVXXV
AAAVD
AVXDA
VVGDD
XAVDG
DXGXV
XVDVF
VVAFD
XAVAF
VXDXV
DFDAF
XAVVV
FAVAF
VVVVV
ADGXV
AXAFD
GGXFX
AFAVV
ADGDF
VFAXV
DVXXF
DAVXG
DVAAF
XGDAD
AVAFV
FDGAV
AFVXV
DAXAF
DGXDA
FAFVA
AADGV
VVVXV
VDDFV
VGDVD
AVVXD
FVDVX
DADXA F
AAAFA
VDFVV
VXVDA
VFGFG
XFDGV
VGDDA
DFFXV
XVDDF
FDDX