1. Starter
The heart is a muscle and it’s own blood supply comes from the coronary arteries.
A diet high in Low Density Lipoproteins LDL’s clogs up these arteries. This is known as Coronary Heart Disease
Describe the impact of diet on the cardiovascular system (3)
The cardiovascular system includes the heart and blood vessels. A diet high in LDLS, for example, fatty meats and butter, can clog up the blood vessels and cause coronary heart disease. This means the heart would have to work unnecessarily harder and it would also restrict blood flow to the heart, therefore it would not be as efficient.

2. What is the cardiovascular system
The heart and blood vessels
The more efficient the CV system the better performance as more oxygen can be delivered to the muscles

3. Key words Heart Rate (HR) – beats per minute
Stroke Volume (SV)– amount of blood leaving the heart each beat (more forceful contraction increases SV)
Cardiac Output CO (1 min) = HR X SV
Systolic Blood Pressure – the pressure on the artery walls when blood is being pumped out of the heart

4. Immediate changes to CV system when exercising
Long term changes to CV system after regular exercise
* Increase in size and strength of heart
**Increase in maximum stroke volume
**Increase in maximum cardiac output
***Lower resting heart rate
****Faster return to resting heart rate
Increase in capillarisation
Increase in red blood cells
Increase in heart rate
Increase in stroke volume
Increase in systolic blood pressure
Benefits of these changes
Benefits of these changes
Increased oxygen delivery and removal of Carbon dioxide
Increased blood flow
In general most changes lead to Increased oxygen delivery and removal of Carbon dioxide
Outcomes to specific changes
* Reduces chance of CHD
** Increases blood flow, therefore more 02
*** You can work harder before reaching MHR (where fatigue would occur)
**** You can repeat high intensity work more quickly

5. Explain the benefit to performer Explain the outcome on performance
Exercise causes an increase in demand on the cardiovascular system. Explain one benefit of these immediate changes to a performer (3marks)
One benefit is increased heart rate. The benefit of this is increased oxygen delivery to the muscles. This would increase performance because a performer would be able to work at a higher intensity for longer periods of time
Describe one benefit
Explain the benefit to performer
Explain the outcome on performance

6. Describe one long term benefit Explain how this benefits performer
Identify and explain two long term benefits of regular training on the cardiovascular system (3marks)
Describe one long term benefit
Explain how this benefits performer
Repeat
Increased size and strength of heart which reduces the chance of coronary heart disease. Increased production of red blood cells, therefore increased increase of oxygen that can be carried in the blood.

7. Describe what capillarisation is. Explain how the benefit
One long term adaptation of regular participation in physical activity is capillarisation. Explain the benefit of an increase in capillarisation to a hockey player (3marks)
Describe what capillarisation is.
Explain how the benefit
Give an example of how this would benefit a hockey player in a game
Increase in capillarisation means more small blood vessels in the muscles. This means more oxygen can be delivered to the muscles. Hockey is mostly an aerobic activity, therefore this will help the hockey player meet the demands of the game