1. Periodic Table
By Mr. M

2. Periodic Lists
Alchemists had their own symbols for elements, tools, and methods
As Alchemy turned into chemistry there became a need for a uniform system
Elements started to appear in list form. Lavoisier compiled a list of 33 elements, but not all were real such as chaloric

3. Periodic Table
During the eighteen hundreds, there was a race to organize the element lists into a table
Several Tables were made…

9. Mendeleev
In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev is created with creating the periodic table that became what we currently use.
He created his table on a used napkin during a train ride.
It was filled with scribbles and even a coffee ring stain.
It was turned on its side compared to the exact one we use now.

11. Why We Use a Napkin
His table had an organization symbol, it was in order of atomic mass (the table is not based off of H even though it has a mass of 1, it is based on C with a mass of 12)
Elements of similar properties were grouped together, notice how gold and silver are together
The most important part were the blank spaces of undiscovered elements.
He claimed elements belonged in the spaces, but had not been discovered
He even described what the missing elements would be like once discovered

13. Henry Moseley
There were problems with the periodic table, but they were fixed in 1913 by the Moseley
He was a British scientist that died in WW1
He arranged the elements by atomic number instead of atomic mass

14. Table Design The table is mostly solids
There are two liquids: mercury and bromine
There are eleven gasses
The table can be divided up different ways…

15. A. Metallic Character
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids

16. B. Blocks Main Group Elements(Representative) Transition Metals
Inner Transition Metals

17. The rows are called periods
The columns are called groups or families
Multiple columns make a block

18. Hydrogen is by itself
Rare earth = lanthanides and actinides

19. A family has the same number of valence electrons which gives the elements in that family similar chemical properties.

20. Chemical Trends
Periodic law states: When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements with similar properties appear at regular intervals.
This means that there are patterns in the table, but you have to study a property to find the pattern….

21. Size: Atomic Radius
Increases as you go left and down

23. Reactivity of Metals
Increases as you go left and down

24. Reactivity Nonmetals
Increases as you go up and right

25. Ionization energy Energy needed to rip off one electron
Increases as you go up and right

27. Electron Affinity Energy when electron is added
Increases as you go up and right

28. Electronegativity Attraction to electrons
Increases as you go up and right

29. Changing size by making ions
Cations = positive charge, lost electrons, smaller than original atom
Anions = negative charge, gain electrons, larger than original atom

30. Melting/Boiling Points
High in middle where the metals used for buildings and weapons are found