CLASSIFICATIONS Cairo, June 2007 Martin Schaaper OECD

CLASSIFICATIONS Cairo, 20-21 June 2007 Martin Schaaper OECD
Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry Economic Analysis and Statistics Division

AREAS OF ICT RELATED CLASSIFICATIONS STANDARDS
1) ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES (INDUSTRIES) CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS INFORMATION ECONOMY SECTOR 1 a) OECD ISIC-based ICT sector (1998, 2002, 2006 Revision) Chapter 4 in the OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society (OECD, 2005) 1 b) OECD ISIC-based Content and media sector (expected 2006) Chapter 7 in the OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society (OECD, 2005) 2) COMMODITY/PRODUCTS (GOODS AND SERVICES) CLASSIFICATION STANDARDS 2 a) ICT products - OECD HS-based ICT goods (2003, CPC-based revision in 2007) - OECD CPC-based ICT services (agreed 2006) Chapter 2 in the OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society (OECD, 2005) 2 b) Content and media products (proposal 2006) 3) HUMAN RESOURCES ICT education (ISCED 97) and ICT skills ICT occupations (ISCO 88; 2006 Revision based on ISCO 08) Chapter 8 in the OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society (OECD, 2005) 4) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ICT related Field of Science and technology (2006? – based on FOS classification) ICT related R&D (Frascati Manual 2002 Annex 4) ICT patents (2001, 2003, 2006 R – based on new IPC) - Chapter 4 in the Guide

The original classification of the ICT sector
The WPIIS agreed that the development of a statistical infrastructure to support and inform policy making in this domain should begin by mining existing data, in particular the rich industry and product (goods and services) data available to the OECD. That required an agreement on industry and commodity definitions; developing those definitions became one of the early challenges of the group. The goal was to put in place common international statistical classification standards (definitions) of the ICTs and information content products and related economic activities to help answer basic questions concerning their role in the economy and society. In 1998, OECD countries agreed a definition of the ICT sector based on Revision 3 of the International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC Rev 3) in response to the growing demand for ICT statistics. This standard was the one of the first achievements of the OECD Working Party on Indicators for the Information Society (WPIIS) in its work on creating a family of internationally recognised standards for the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) measurement.

ICT SECTOR STANDARD DEVELOMENT (i)
In 1998, OECD countries agreed on an ICT sector classification standard based on the set of the following guiding principles to identify ICT industries (economic activities): ICT definition – following broad underlying concept (main guiding principle) to define ICT economic activities (industries) was proposed to be used: 1a) For manufacturing industries, the products (goods) of a candidate industry must: - fulfil the function of information processing and communication including transmission and display, or - use electronic processing to detect, measure and/or record physical phenomena or control a physical process. 1b) For services industries, the products (services) of a candidate industry must be intended to enable the function of information processing and communication by electronic means. I general, the term ’ICT sector’ includes a combination of ICT manufacturing and ICT services industries which are associated with the production and/or distribution of information and communication technologies and provision of the related services. The definition is a compromise, limited to those industries which facilitate, by electronic means, the processing, transmission and display of information, and it excludes the industries which create the information, the so-called ‘content’ industries. The definition permits the immediate gathering of statistics for international comparison in an area of considerable policy importance because of deregulation and technological change. The term ’economic activity’ is related to the functions undertaken by business units and is generally used to describe processes relating to the production and distribution of specific goods and services. The term ‘industry’ is related to the grouping of particular business into a set which primarily undertake a common set of activities. Reaching an important consensus on an industry-based definition of the ICT sector was a first major methodological achievement of WPIIS. This definition brought together business units that have common ICT activities and was considered to be a first step to obtain initial measurement of the ICT sector core indicators. The sector definition has since gained wide recognition and is the basis for international comparison of an important sector in OECD economies.

ICT SECTOR STANDARD DEVELOMENT (ii)
2) Classification system – the following underlying international industrial classification system (the UN International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities Revision 3) was proposed to be used to delineate ICT industries Alternate structure (main output categories used) – it is proposed (for outputs) to group ICT industries into two main subsector (ICT manufacturing and ICT services subsector) Implementation – concordances with other national industrial classifications were developed, data collection (data sources, variables and core tables), data dissemination and relevant analysis production (OECD publications) have been step by step carried out In 2002 the ICT sector (2002 OECD update) became an “alternate structure” of the UN International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities Rev. 3.1.

ICT MANUFACTURING SUBSECTOR
ICT SECTOR (i) Borderline cases ICT MANUFACTURING SUBSECTOR List of ICT related economic activities (manufac. industries) expressed in terms of ISIC Rev. 3.1 Group Class Description DIVISION 30 MANUFACTURE OF OFFICE, ACCOUNTING AND COMPUTING MACHINERY DIVISION 32 MANUFACTURE OF RADIO, TELEVISION AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT & APPARATUS 321 3210 Manufacture of electronic valves and tubes and other electronic components 322 3220 Manufacture of television and radio transmitters and apparatus for line telephony and line telegraphy 323 3230 Manufacture of television and radio receivers, sound or video recording or reproduction apparatus, and associated goods 3130 Manufacture of insulated wire and cable 3312 Manufacture of instruments and appliances for measuring, checking, testing, navigating and other purposes 3313 Manufacture of industrial process control equipment An agreement was reached on the inclusion of the following industries (a list of ICT industries) expressed in terms of the ISIC Rev. 3 into the OECD ICT sector definition (see Table 1 below that shows the divisions, groups and classes that are part of the current ICT sector definition – 2002 update). to fulfil the function of information processing and communication including transmission and display, or - must use electronic processing to detect, measure and/or record physical phenomena or control a physical process.

ICT SERVICES SUBSECTOR
ICT SECTOR (ii) ICT SERVICES SUBSECTOR List of ICT related economic activities (service’s industries) expressed in terms of ISIC Rev. 3.1 Group Class Description Goods related services (wholesale of ICT equipment) 5151 Wholesale of computers, computer peripheral equipment and software (new class replacing partly the old 5150 class from the 1998 definition) 5152 Wholesale of electronic and telecommunications parts and equipment 7123 Renting of office machinery and equipment (including computers) Intangible services 642 6420 Telecommunications DIVISION 72 COMPUTER AND RELATED ACTIVITIES 721 7210 Hardware consultancy 722 7221 Software publishing 7229 Other software consultancy and supply 723 7230 Data processing 724 7240 Database activities and online distribution of electronic content 725 7250 Maintenance and repair of office, accounting and computing machinery 729 7290 Other computer related activities Borderline case

ICT sector in summary Manufacturing:
- 3000 Office, accounting and computing machinery - 3130 Insulated wire and cable - 3210 Electronic valves and tubes and other electronic components - 3220 TV and radio transmitters and app.tus for line telephony and line telegraphy - 3230 Television and radio receivers, sound or video recording, etc. - 3312 Instruments and appliances for measuring, checking, testing, navigating - 3313 Industrial process equipment Services: - 5151 Wholesale of computers, computer peripheral equipment and software - 5152 Wholesale of electronic and telecommunications parts and equipment - 6420 Telecommunications - 7123 Renting of office machinery and equipment (including computers) - 72 Computer and related activities

Indicators using the definition
Size and growth of the ICT sector contribution of the ICT sector to employment in the total economy R&D expenditures ICT sector trade Activity of foreign affiliates in the ICT sector

Core indicators on the ICT sector and trade in ICT goods
Basic core ICT1 Proportion of total business sector workforce involved in the ICT sector ICT2 Value added in the ICT sector (as a percentage of total business sector value added)

Share of ICT employment in business sector employment, 2001.

Share of ICT value added in business sector value added, 1995 and 2001.

The revised classification of the ICT sector

Significant changes Revision of the guiding principle for ICT manufacturing “The products of a candidate manufacturing industry must be intended to primarily fulfil the function of electronic information processing and communication (including transmission, recording, storage and display)”. This includes also production of electronic components From a broader to a narrower definition of ICT Integration of the content and media sector into the model It is proposed to use same guiding principle (definition) as for the current ICT services: The products of a candidate ICT services industry must be primarily intended to enable the function of information processing and communication by electronic means.

Revised industry classifications
ICT sector (manufacturing and services) Content and media sector Both classifications are: Agreed by the OECD countries and declassified Based on ISIC rev. 4 will become alternate aggregations in ISIC 4

ICT sector – Goods and goods related industries
ICT manufacturing industries 2610 Manufacture of electronic components 2620 Manufacture of computers and peripheral equipment 2630 Manufacture of communication equipment 2640 Manufacture of consumer electronics 2680 Manufacture of magnetic and optical media ICT trade industries 4651 Wholesale of computers, computer peripheral equipment and software 4652 Wholesale of electronic and telecommunication equipment and parts

ICT sector – Service industries
ICT services industries 5820 Software publishing 61 Telecommunications 6110 Wired telecommunications activities 6120 Wireless telecommunications activities 6130 Satellite telecommunications activities 6190 Other telecommunications activities 62 Computer programming, consultancy and related activities 6201 Computer programming activities 6202 Information technology consultancy activities and computer facilities management activities 6209 Other information technology and computer service activities 631 Data processing, hosting and related activities; web portals 6311 Data processing, hosting and related activities 6312 Web portals 951 Repair of computers and communication equipment 9511 Repair of computers and peripheral equipment 9512 Repair of communication equipment

CONTENT SECTOR DEVELOPMENT
The issue of content products and sector definitions has been discussed previously at many WPIIS meeting but so far no final consensus was reached: 1st meeting 1997 – The need for a definition of the Content sector is highlighted. 2nd meeting 1998 – A decision is taken on having separate definitions for the ICT and the Content sector. 6th meeting 2002 – A definition of the Content sector as a component of the Information economy [DSTI/ICCP/IIS/RD(2002)10] was proposed using following guiding principles (content characteristics) to identify content products: 1. It is an organized message intended for human beings. 2. It results from an organized production activity. 3. It is combined with, or carried by, a medium. 4. Its diffusion is not restricted to a list of privileged recipients. 5. Its diffusion requires a communication medium, i.e. a mass diffusion medium. 6. Its diffusion requires the intervention of a publisher that is of a publishing business. Measuring the significance of information content and media services has been hampered now for many years by the lack of an agreed upon this second part of the information economy definition. It was also caused by existing international economic activity classification standard (ISIC Rev. 3.1) that did not describe efficiently information content and media service activities. It concerns mainly identification of information sharing and electronic dissemination done via the Internet (on-line content publishing). An ICT product is an instrument that supports the electronic display, processing, storage and transmission of information. In other words ICT products are used as instruments to manipulate information and are a tool with which it is possible to handle a special kind of object – information (content). Based on this description an ICT sector definition was developed. Thus, the ICT sector was defined as the group of industries “that support the electronic display, processing, storage and transmission of information”. This difference in nature between a tool and the material handled with the tool explains why the ICT sector does not include content industries, such as the press, book publishing, music record production, cinema, video cassette recording, radio and TV services, etc. Many different meanings can be given and are used with terms of content product. However, it was suggested here that a content product should have the following six characteristics as to provide base for its classification The updated ISIC standard and mainly introduction of the Section J should significantly improved this situation. It describes both main ICT service economic activities and Content and media economic activities. The Section J is going behind the traditional distinguishing of manufacturing and service activities and reflects the importance of new industries that convergence this traditional approach by using new information technologies and standards (Internet, mobile networks etc.) for publishing or broadcasting activities (on-line information content publishing and broadcasting including downloading). The revised ISIC and CPC standards, as well as the proposals for ICT sector and ICT products definitions submitted for the 2006 WPIIS meeting, provide an opportunity to reconsider the issue of content products and content sector definitions. The issue of content products and sector definitions has been discussed previously at WPIIS but no consensus emerged (see boxes). ICTs made it possible to create many new forms of information bearing products use a communication medium to store and distribute content: Musical compact disks. Professional manuals, tutorials, and video games on CD-ROMs. Movies on DVD-ROMs or available from the producer's Internet site. On-line versions of daily newspapers. On-line stock market information services. On-line weather forecast services. Downloadable books and music. Interactive TV services and pay per view TV programs. On line video games. Each of these characteristics progressively narrows the scope of content product definition. It follows that a content sector would include the industries that are primarily engaged in the production of outputs with such characteristics (a full description of each content characteristic is available in Box 7 which is a summary made from the following document DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2003)9). The application of the criteria outlined in box 7 led to the following list of industries to be considered including borderline cases (refer Box 8).

DEFINITION A content product corresponds to an organized message intended for human beings published in mass communication media. The value of such product to the consumer does not lie in its tangible qualities but in its information, educational, cultural or entertainment content. The content sector is the group of economic activities that are primarily engaged in the publishing and/or the electronic distribution of content products: Publishing activities Motion picture, video and television programme production Broadcasting and programming activities Other information service activities Measuring the significance of information content and media services has been hampered now for many years by the lack of an agreed upon this second part of the information economy definition. It was also caused by existing international economic activity classification standard (ISIC Rev. 3.1) that did not describe efficiently information content and media service activities. It concerns mainly identification of information sharing and electronic dissemination done via the Internet (on-line content publishing). An ICT product is an instrument that supports the electronic display, processing, storage and transmission of information. In other words ICT products are used as instruments to manipulate information and are a tool with which it is possible to handle a special kind of object – information (content). Based on this description an ICT sector definition was developed. Thus, the ICT sector was defined as the group of industries “that support the electronic display, processing, storage and transmission of information”. This difference in nature between a tool and the material handled with the tool explains why the ICT sector does not include content industries, such as the press, book publishing, music record production, cinema, video cassette recording, radio and TV services, etc. Many different meanings can be given and are used with terms of content product. However, it was suggested here that a content product should have the following six characteristics as to provide base for its classification The updated ISIC standard and mainly introduction of the Section J should significantly improved this situation. It describes both main ICT service economic activities and Content and media economic activities. The Section J is going behind the traditional distinguishing of manufacturing and service activities and reflects the importance of new industries that convergence this traditional approach by using new information technologies and standards (Internet, mobile networks etc.) for publishing or broadcasting activities (on-line information content publishing and broadcasting including downloading). The revised ISIC and CPC standards, as well as the proposals for ICT sector and ICT products definitions submitted for the 2006 WPIIS meeting, provide an opportunity to reconsider the issue of content products and content sector definitions. The issue of content products and sector definitions has been discussed previously at WPIIS but no consensus emerged (see boxes). ICTs made it possible to create many new forms of information bearing products use a communication medium to store and distribute content: Musical compact disks. Professional manuals, tutorials, and video games on CD-ROMs. Movies on DVD-ROMs or available from the producer's Internet site. On-line versions of daily newspapers. On-line stock market information services. On-line weather forecast services. Downloadable books and music. Interactive TV services and pay per view TV programs. On line video games. Each of these characteristics progressively narrows the scope of content product definition. It follows that a content sector would include the industries that are primarily engaged in the production of outputs with such characteristics (a full description of each content characteristic is available in Box 7 which is a summary made from the following document DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2003)9). The application of the criteria outlined in box 7 led to the following list of industries to be considered including borderline cases (refer Box 8).

Content and media sector
581 Publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing activities 5811 Book publishing 5812 Publishing of directories and mailing lists 5813 Publishing of newspapers, journals and periodicals 5819 Other publishing activities 591 Motion picture, video and television programme activities 5911 Motion picture, video and television programme production activities 5912 Motion picture, video and television programme post-production activities 5913 Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities 5914 Motion picture projection activities 592 Sound recording and music publishing activities 60 Broadcasting and programming activities 601 Radio broadcasting 602 Television broadcasting and subscription programming 632 Other information service activities 6321 News agency activities 6329 Other information service activities n.e.c.

Implementation issues
When? For which reference period? Should we consider back casting? Should we revisit the existing definition (ISIC 3.1) to better align it on the new definition?

ICT products

ICT PRODUCTS STANDARD DEVELOPMENT
In December 2003 an ICT goods classification expressed in terms of the Harmonised System (HS 2002) of the World Custom Organization was finalised and approved by ICCP [DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2003)1/REV2] as a first step in the definition of ICT products (goods and services). It is based on the same principles (definition) used to describe ICT manufacturing economic activities (industries): “candidate good must be intended to fulfil the function of information processing…” It was agreed at the 2006 WPIIS meeting to use the revised UN’s Central Product Classification (CPC, Version 2), as the underlying international product classification system for the ICT goods classification review. A final list of ICT goods should be expressed in terms of this standard. The ICT services classification expressed in terms of the CPC was proposed in 2004 [DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2004)2] and has been approved by ICCP in terms of Central Product Classification, Version 2 in 2006 [DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2006)11]. Also ICT services are based on the principles used to identify ICT service economic activities (industries): “candidate service must be intended to enable the function of information processing…” The development of a definition of ICT goods proved more challenging; opinions concerning the appropriate scope of the definition and the interpretation of the guiding principles varied. After being on the agenda of all WPIIS meeting between 1998 and 2002, a consensus was reached at the 2003 meeting for a definition based on the 2002 version of the Harmonized System (HS 2002) of the World Custom Organization. With this definition, WPIIS was putting in place the second element of the framework, potentially extending its scope to measures of domestic production, consumption, market size, investments and international trade. In order to take advantage of existing data sets and therefore ensure the immediate use of the proposed standard it was decided to profit from existing classification systems as another guiding principle for ICT goods classification development. In this case, the underlying system used was the Harmonised System. The reason for this decision was that the HS was the only commodity classification system used on a sufficiently wide basis to support international data comparison at the time. A large number of countries use it to classify export and import of goods, and many countries use it (or a classification derived from or linked to it) to categorise domestic outputs. The HS has a number of levels. It was decided by WPIIS that the definition of ICT goods would use the most detailed level (6-digit level). The main reason for this decision was to have as detailed and as pure (only ICT items) results (data). The number of ICT goods codes at the most detailed level HS was, however, too high (179 items) to be used for data results and for analytical purposes. For this reason as a third main guiding principle for the ICT goods definition development of broad categories (structure principle) of ICT goods were used. The WPIIS chose a broader interpretation, an approach which is consistent with that adopted for the industry definition. The definition (classification) of ICT services proposed here is part of a set of related definitions that also includes one for the ICT sector and another for ICT goods. Together these definitions are meant to support the production of a variety of statistics, including but not limited to, measures of ICT outputs, ICT investments and ICT trade. The strategy of using existing classification systems to identify ICT industries and commodities has an obvious limitation; those systems do not provide an up-to-date description of ICT industries and commodities in all cases. This limitation was most apparent in the case of services where the only available international standard - the UN’s Central Product Classification (CPC) – made no mention of core ICT services such as web hosting and application provisioning. The WPIIS did not agree, however, on the final list of the ICT goods. The main concern raised was the usage and interpretation of the second part of the ICT goods definition, guiding principle which is used to identify the ICT goods “… The Working Party invited volunteers to join an Expert Group on the 2006 ICT Classifications Review to help address some main problems (issues related to the ICT sector and ICT goods classifications review) raised during the WPIIS. If by the end of August 2006 there was agreement in the task group, and the WPIIS Bureau, the document would be forwarded to ICCP for declassification. In the absence of agreement the WPIIS would reconsider the document at its 2007 meeting. During the discussion it was noted that there is high interest and support from the United Nations Statistical Division to include revised ICT sector and ICT products standards based on new ISIC and CPC as ‘alternate aggregations’ into the new ISIC Rev 4 and CPC Version 2 publications. It was stated that the inclusion of the ICT sector and ICT products “alternate structures” in the updated version of ISIC and CPC could influence the international comparability of ICT supply statistical outputs for many years to come. The same applied for the Content sector.

ICT Goods

CURRENT ICT GOODS DEFINITION
ICT goods guiding principle ICT goods must either be intended to fulfil the function of information processing and communication by electronic means, including transmission and display, OR Use electronic processing to detect, measure and/or record physical phenomena, or to control a physical process ICT goods broad categories based on six-digit HS categories telecommunications equipment computer and related equipment electronic components audio and video equipment other ICT goods In order to take advantage of existing data sets and therefore ensure the immediate use of the proposed standard it was decided to profit from existing classification systems as another guiding principle for ICT goods classification development. In this case, the underlying system used was the Harmonised System.

CURRENT HS-BASED LIST OF ICT GOODS
Computer equipment 8471 847330 Telecom equipment 8517 852790 852020 852910 852510 853110 852520 854420 852530 854470 852610 Electronic components 850431 853224 850450 853230 850490 8533 852330 8534 852460 8540 852990 8541 853221 8542 Audio and video equipment 8518 852320 8519 852390 852010 852540 852032 852712 852033 852713 852039 852719 852090 852721 8521 852729 8522 852731 852311 852732 852312 852739 852313 8528 Other ICT goods 846911 9024 847010 902620 847021 902710 847029 902730 847040 902740 847050 902750 847310 902780 847321 9028 847350 9029 852691 903010 852692 903020 901041 903031 901042 903039 901049 903040 9014 903082 901540 903083 901580 903110 901811 903120 901812 903130 901813 903141 901814 903180 901819 903190 902212 903210 902213 903220 902214 903289 902219 903290 1) ICT goods classification: An agreement was reached on the inclusion of the following goods (list of ICT goods) expressed in terms of the six-digit HS (2002) categories the ICT goods definition 2) Structure (broad categories) used : ICT codes expressed in terms of 6-digit HS were grouped into the following broad categories: Telecommunications equipment. Computer and related equipment Electronic components. Audio and video equipment. Other ICT goods. The HS has a number of levels. It was decided by WPIIS that the definition of ICT goods would use the most detailed level (6-digit level). The main reason for this decision was to have as detailed and as pure (only ICT items) results (data). The number of ICT goods codes at the most detailed level HS was, however, too high (179 items) to be used for data results and for analytical purposes. For this reason as a third main guiding principle for the ICT goods definition development of broad categories (structure principle) of ICT goods were used. The fact that the HS is not built on the basis of the functionality of products made it much more difficult. The distinction between products which fulfil those functions and products that simply embody electronics but fundamentally fulfil other functions was not always obvious. Final list of the OECD ICT goods items (see Table 1) expressed in terms of the six-digit HS categories was declassified by ICCP in December 2003 [DSTI/ICCP/IIS(2003)1/REV2]. The structure plays an important role in the usefulness of the classification. ICT codes expressed in terms of 6-digit HS were grouped into the following broad categories: The proposed structure allows: Grouping of product data into categories that will likely be publishable by most countries. An analysis of the basic differences in consumption, production and trade patterns from country to country. The development of narrow and broad concepts of ICT products (for instance, some of the analysis currently available focuses on telecommunications and computer equipment only). It was decided by WPIIS that the definition of ICT goods would use the most detailed level (6-digit level). The main reason for this decision was to have as detailed and as pure (only ICT items) results (data). The number of ICT goods codes at the most detailed level HS was, however, too high (179 items) to be used for data results and for analytical purposes. For this reason as a third main guiding principle for the ICT goods definition development of broad categories (structure principle) of ICT goods were used.

Core indicators on the ICT sector and trade in ICT goods
Basic core ICT3 ICT goods imports as a percentage of total imports ICT4 ICT goods exports as a percentage of total exports

Trade in ICT goods

Top exporting economies of ICT goods (as a share of world total)

ICT services

ICT SERVICES (2006) List of ICT related CPC 2 codes included in the ICT Services classification standard 3. Communications services Definition 253. Communications services covers two primary categories of transactions between residents and nonresidents in international communications. These are (i) telecommunications, which encompass the transmission of sound, images, or other information by telephone, telex, telegram, cable, broadcasting, satellite, electronic mail, facsimile services, etc. and include business network services, teleconferencing, and support services; and (ii) postal and courier services, which encompass the pickup, transport, and delivery of letters, newspapers, periodicals, brochures, other printed matter, parcels, and packages by national postal administrations and other operators. Also included are post office counter and mailbox rental services. 7. Computer and information services 259. Computer and information services cover computer data and news-related service transactions between residents and non-residents. Included are data bases, such as development, storage, and on-line time series; data processing—including tabulation, provision of processing services on a time-share or specific (hourly) basis, and management of facilities of others on a continuing basis; hardware consultancy; software implementation—including design, development, and programming of customized systems; maintenance and repair of computers and peripheral equipment; news agency services—including provision of news, photographs, and feature articles to the media; and direct, non-bulk subscriptions to newspapers and periodicals. 10.1 Audiovisual and related services 265. …Audiovisual and related services comprises services and associated fees related to the production of motion pictures (on film or video tape), radio and television programs (live or on tape), and musical recordings. Included are receipts or payments for rentals; fees received by resident actors, directors, producers, etc. (or by non-residents in the compiling economy) for productions abroad; and fees for distribution rights sold to the media for a limited number of showings in specified areas. Fees to actors, producers, etc. involved with theatrical and musical productions, sporting events, circuses, etc. and fees for distribution rights (for television, radio, etc.) for these activities are included.

ICT SERVICES (2006) 3. Communications services Definition
253. Communications services covers two primary categories of transactions between residents and nonresidents in international communications. These are (i) telecommunications, which encompass the transmission of sound, images, or other information by telephone, telex, telegram, cable, broadcasting, satellite, electronic mail, facsimile services, etc. and include business network services, teleconferencing, and support services; and (ii) postal and courier services, which encompass the pickup, transport, and delivery of letters, newspapers, periodicals, brochures, other printed matter, parcels, and packages by national postal administrations and other operators. Also included are post office counter and mailbox rental services. 7. Computer and information services 259. Computer and information services cover computer data and news-related service transactions between residents and non-residents. Included are data bases, such as development, storage, and on-line time series; data processing—including tabulation, provision of processing services on a time-share or specific (hourly) basis, and management of facilities of others on a continuing basis; hardware consultancy; software implementation—including design, development, and programming of customized systems; maintenance and repair of computers and peripheral equipment; news agency services—including provision of news, photographs, and feature articles to the media; and direct, non-bulk subscriptions to newspapers and periodicals. 10.1 Audiovisual and related services 265. …Audiovisual and related services comprises services and associated fees related to the production of motion pictures (on film or video tape),radio and television programs (live or on tape), and musical recordings. Included are receipts or payments for rentals; fees received by resident actors, directors, producers, etc. (or by non-residents in the compiling economy) for productions abroad; and fees for distribution rights sold to the media for a limited number of showings in specified areas. Fees to actors, producers, etc. involved with theatrical and musical productions, sporting events, circuses, etc. and fees for distribution rights (for television, radio, etc.) for these activities are included.

Towards new product classifications
The group agreed to move to CPC 2.0 as basis for definition First round of consultation completed Still a few issues to resolve including matters of coherence of the system as a whole

Revised commodity classifications
Based on CPC ver. 2 ICT goods Proposal in front of expert group ICT services Agreed and declassified Content and media products

THANK YOU!

CLASSIFICATIONS Cairo, June 2007 Martin Schaaper OECD

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