1. Standards
SSUSH16
The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WW I.
Element: SSUSH16.a
Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction.
Element: SSUSH16.c
Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.
Element: SSUSH16.d
Describe the impact of radio, and the movies.
Element: SSUSH16.e
Describe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.

2. The Roaring 20s Chapter
How did the United States experience both economic growth and social change in the decade after World War I?

3. Continued… A Booming Economy The Automobile Drives Prosperity
Main Idea: A large economic boom in the 1920s was sparked largely by the automobile industry. Henry Ford’s use of mass production and assembly lines lowered car prices and increased the number of Americans who owned cars.
A Bustling Economy
Main Idea: The economic growth of the 1920 impacted both consumers and the stock market.
Cities, Suburbs, and Country
Main Idea: Cities grew in population and size and improved transportation allowed suburbs to expand, but rural areas did not share in this growth.
Continued… b

4. Postwar Adjustments Economic Adjustments Wartime demand dropped
Soldiers faced unemployment
Lower demand
Higher cost of living
Labor Unrest increased
Discrimination against blacks

5. A Booming Economy Section 1
How did the booming economy of the 1920s lead to changes in American life?
Vocabulary:
-Henry Ford consumer revolution
-mass production installment buying
-Model T bull market
-assembly line buying on margin
-scientific management

6. A Consumer Economy Buying On Credit Age of Electricity
Ford and the Automobile
Effects on the rest of the economy
Industrial growth

7. Auto Drives Prosperity
Henry Ford – assembly line: moving line brought car to the worker, who added parts; reduced production time for a Model T to 90 minutes
Scientific management: process of hiring experts to improve mass production techniques
Ordinary people could
afford one

8. Economic Boom of the 1920s
GRAPH

9. Changes in America
Auto industry stimulated other industries related to car manufacture (insurance, steel, glass, rubber, asphalt, wood, gasoline, road construction)
Other forms of transportation declined
Appearance of service stations, diners, motels
Sense of freedom
Suburbs

10. Consumer Revolution Advertising Consumer credit – installment buying
Bull market, period of rising stock prices
Buying on margin – borrowing money to buy stocks

11. Cities, Suburbs, and Country
People flock to cities
Suburbs grow, draining people and resources from the cities
Many Americans face hardship; farm incomes declined during the 1920s

12. Chart: Earnings of Agricultural Employees 1918-1928

13. Transparency : New York City Skyline

14. Chart: Population of Selected U.S. Cities, 1910-1930

15. Reading Skill: Identify Supporting Details
NOTE TAKING

16. Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 1PM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Answer C A
Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 1

17. The Business of Government Section 2
How did domestic and foreign policy change direction under Harding and Coolidge?
Vocabulary:
-Andrew Mellon Herbert Hoover
-Calvin Coolidge Teapot Dome scandal
-Washington Naval Disarmament
Conference
-Kellogg-Briand Pact
-Dawes Plan

18. The Business of Government The Harding Administration
Main Idea: While in office, Harding reduced regulation of business and turned to others to make decisions, often leading to scandal.
Coolidge Prosperity
Main Idea: Coolidge supported big business, worked to reduce national debt, and oversaw a boom in the nation’s economy. However, he took no action against many social problems occurring at the time.
America’s Role in the World
Main Idea: World War I impacted American foreign policy in the 1920’s, as the government worked with other countries to collect war debts and prevent future wars.

19. A Republican Decade Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge
Elected in 1920
Scandals
Died August
Calvin Coolidge
Laissez Faire Capitalism
“The business of the American people is business”
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Herbert Hoover 1928

20. Harding Administration
Andrew Mellon – Secretary of the Treasury, advanced business interests
Reduced spending from $18 billion to $3 billion
Raised tariffs, weakening world economy
Herbert Hoover – Secretary of Commerce, sought voluntary advancements between labor and business

21. Political Scandals Warren G. Harding Teapot Dome Scandal
One of the worst Presidents in the history of the U.S.
Advocated anti-lynching laws
allowed Eugene Debs in the White House
Harding’s cabinet was extremely corrupt
Teapot Dome Scandal
Worst of the scandals
This 1924 cartoon shows the dimensions of the Teapot Dome scandal

22. Analyze: Political Cartoons: The Teapot Dome Scandal

23. Republican Foreign Policy
Harding
Isolationism (leads to nativism)
Disarmament – reducing the size and strength of the military
Limiting Immigration – Quota for 350,000 people per year to immigrate
Coolidge
Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928
Aristide Briand and Frank. B. Kellogg signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact (Pact of Paris). The treaty outlawed war between France and the United States. The US Senate ratified it in 1929 and over the next few years 62 nations signed a similar agreement committing themselves to peace. Unenforceable

24. Coolidge Prosperity Reduced the national debt
Trimmed the federal budget
Lowered taxes
Boom economy
Troubles brewing:
-farmers struggled to keep land
-labor unions
-Discrimination

25. Collecting War Debts U.S. refused to join the World Court
Dawes Plan – U.S. make loans to Germany to pay reparation to Britain and France
Britain and France repay debts to U.S.
After crash of 1929, Germany stopped reparation payments, and Britain and France stopped paying the U.S.
After World War II, the U.S. would be more flexible

26. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast

27. Transparency: A Booming Economy

28. The United States in International Affairs, 1920-1929
QUICK STUDY

29. Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 2PM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Answer C A
Progress Monitoring Transparency: Section 2

30. Social and Cultural Tensions Section 3
How did Americans differ on major social and cultural issues?
Vocabulary:
-modernism Ku Klux Klan
-fundamentalism Prohibition
-Scopes Trial Volstead Act
-18th Amendment Clarence Darrow
-quota system bootlegger

31. Social and Cultural Tensions
Traditionalism and Modernism Clash
Main Idea: In 1920 a noticeable divide appeared between urban and rural areas in the United States, as modern views spread in cities.
Restricting Immigration
Main Idea: Quota laws were passed limiting the number of immigrants who could enter the United States.
The New Ku Klux Klan
Main Idea: The Ku Klux Klan was revived, showing the anger some felt at the new shape America was taking. In addition to showing hatred to African Americans, it now also targeted Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
Prohibition and Crime
Main Idea: Americans were divided over the Eighteenth Amendment, which made it illegal to manufacture or sell alcohol anywhere in the country, and many people continued to buy and sell alcohol.
Continued…

32. Traditionalism and Modernism
More Americans in urban areas
Urban Americans open to social change and science – modernism
Rural Americans – more traditional view of religion, science, and culture
Education
Religious fundamentalism (Bible as literal truth)
Clash over evolution

33. Chart: High School Education 1900-1930

34. Science vs. Religion Debate
Darwin’s Origin of Species
Biblical Creation
John T. Scopes
ACLU – Clarence Darrow vs. William Jennings Bryant
Arguments?

35. Nativism
refers to a widespread attitude in a society of a rejection of alien persons or culture
Believed immigrants could not be fully loyal to the US
Did not like Jews, Catholics, or Orthodox Christians
City problems (slums,corruption) were blamed on the immigrants
Immigrants meant competition for jobs
Believed they carried dangerous political ideas
Socialism, Anarchy, etc.
Most of them came from very politically unstable countries

36. National Origins Act
Number of immigrants of a given nationality each year could not exceed 2 percent of the number of people of that nationality living in the U.S. in 1890
America had closed its “golden door”

37. Rising Intolerance Nationwide Racial Discrimination Yellow Peril
African Americans in the North
Anti Semitic business practices
Mexicans
The New Ku Klux Klan
White, Protestant, native born, Americans
Hiram Wesley Evans – Imperial Wizard
Over 4 million member in 1924
KKK Violence
Rising Intolerance

38. Prohibition 18th Amendment Volstead Act – enforced the amendment
Stills, bootleggers
Organized crime
Al Capone

39. Color Transparency: Political Cartoon: Prohibition

40. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Contrast

41. Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?
COMPARING VIEWPOINT
Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?
Comparing Viewpoints: Should a State Ban Teaching of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution?

42. Progress Monitoring TransparencyPM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Answer C A

43. A New Mass Culture Section 4
How did the new mass culture reflect technological and social changes?
Vocabulary:
-Charlie Chaplin Sigmund Freud
-The Jazz Singer “Lost Generation”
-Babe Ruth F. Scott Fitzgerald
-Charles Lindbergh Ernest Hemingway

44. A New Mass Culture New Trends in Popular Culture
Main Idea: With more free time, Americans turned to movies, radio, and the phonograph as entertainment, creating a mass popular culture for the first time.
An Age of Heroes
Main Idea: Newspapers and radios allowed athletes and other figures of the time to become heroes to the American public.
Women Assume New Roles
Main Idea: Women’s roles changed as they were given more social and political opportunities.
Modernism in Art and Literature
Main Idea: After World War I, writers and artists developed new styles and ideas that appeared in their works.

45. Society in the 1920s

46. New Trends in Popular Culture
More Leisure Time
-Work week decreased
Movies
-Silent films: Charlie Chaplin
-”Talkies”: The Jazz Singer
Radio, phonograph

47. Mass Media Newspapers Motion Pictures Radio
Between 1920 and 1930circulation rose from million to almost 40 million
Motion Pictures
Moviemaking became the 4th largest business in the country
million viewers per week, 1930, 90 million per week
Radio
NBC
Medium for the masses
United the country…Why?

48. American Heroes Lucky Lindy Amelia Earhart Jack Dempsey
Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig
Gertrude Ederle
Helen Wills

49. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Summarize

50. Note Taking: Reading Skill: Summarize

51. The Harlem Renaissance
A New “Black Consciousness”
Main Idea: To deal with the racial problems African Americans continued to face, Marcus Garvey started a movement for black nationalism.
The Jazz Age
Main Idea: Jazz, a hybrid of African American and European music forms, originated in the South and spread quickly across the country, becoming a symbol of the twenties.
The Harlem Renaissance
Main Idea: African American writers and artists expressed racial and cultural views, leaving a lasting impact on how all Americans viewed African Americans.

52. The Flapper and Changes for Women
Style
“bobbed” their Hair
Wore makeup and shorter dresses
Smoked and drank in public
Work and Politics
Women moved into office, sales, and professional jobs
Voted in local and national elections
Elected to political office

53. Charles Lindbergh
May 1927, Lindbergh took off from Long Island, New York
Spirit of St. Louis
In 33 hours, he landed in Paris
Lone Eagle

54. Modernism in Art and Literature
Abstract styles in art
Literature: “Lost Generation”

55. Quick Study: American Postwar Novelists

56. Progress Monitoring TransparencyPM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Answer C A

57. The Harlem Renaissance Section 5
How did African Americans express a new sense of hope and pride?
Vocabulary:
-Marcus Garvey Claude McKay
-jazz Louis Armstrong
-Langston Hughes Bessie Smith
-Zora Neale Hurston
-Harlem Renaissance

58. Marcus Garvey and Black Pride
Alternative solutions to accepting white supremacy
“the first man to give millions of Negroes a sense of dignity and destiny” MLK
Black Pride
Published the Negro World
Black Eagle Flying Corps
Empower blacks worldwide toward economic, religious, psychological, and cultural independence
Believed in racial separatism

59. The Jazz Age Jazz Clubs Music emerged from New Orleans
500 clubs in Harlem alone
Cotton Club, Connie’s Inn, The Saratoga Club
Jelly Roll Morton Band, Louis Armstrong (Satchmo), Duke Ellington, Bessie Smith

60. Harlem Renaissance African American Literary awakening Langston Hughes
Zora Neale Hurston

61. Reading Skill: Identify Main Ideas
NOTE TAKING

62. The Harlem Renaissance
TRANSPARENCY

63. Progress Monitoring TransparencyPM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Answer C A