1. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 89 Topic: 15
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 89 Topic: 15.2 Structure of the Heart Essential Questions: NO EQ 
15.2 Structure of the Heart
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules

2. Pericardial Membranes

3. Pericardial Membranes
Pericardium: or pericardial sac, is a covering that encloses the heart
Consists of :
1. fibrous pericardium: tough, outer bag that protects the heart and is attached to the diaphragm and sternum
2. Parietal pericardium: inner lining of fibrous pericardium
3. Pericardial cavity: contains fluid that reduces friction between the pericardial membranes as the heart moves within them
4. Visceral pericardium: innermost layer that covers the heart

4. Pericarditis (peri-car-die-tis): An inflammation of the pericardium due to viral or bacterial infection
Adhesions attach the layers of the pericardium
Interferes with heart movement
Very painful

5. Pericarditis (2m18s)

6. Wall of the Heart
The wall of the heart is made up of three layers:
The epicardium: protects the heart by reducing friction
The myocardium: thick layer, largely consisting of the cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers
The endocardium: lines all of the heart chambers and covers the structures, such as the heart valves, that project into them for protection 2. 3. 1.

7. Heart Chambers
The heart is divided into four chambers. Two on the left and two on the right.
Atria: The upper chambers, have thin walls, receive blood returning to the heart
Ventricles: The lower chambers that force the blood out of the heart into arteries

9. Your Table will need 13 colors

10. Parts of the Heart
Pg. 88
You will color code your heart picture as well as your notes on pg. 88

11. Heart Chambers Superior vena cava & Inferior vena cava:
return oxygen-poor blood from the body to the heart
Right Atrium
chamber that pumps blood toward right ventricle

12. Tricuspid valve
Prevents blood from back flowing into right atrium
Right Ventricle
chamber that pumps blood toward lungs

13. Pulmonary Valve
prevents backflow of blood into right ventricle
Left and Right Pulmonary Arteries
arteries take oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

14. Four Pulmonary veins (two from the right lung two from the left) send oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium
Left Atrium
chamber that pumps blood toward left ventricle
Bicuspid valve
Prevents backflow of blood into left atrium

15. Left Ventricle
receives blood from the left atrium
Aortic Valve:
prevents backflow of blood into the left ventricle
Aorta:
large artery that distributes oxygen-rich blood to all other parts of the body

16. Heart Chambers (1m)

17. Heart Sounds

18. The heartbeat consists of two contractions.
1) Sinoatrial (SA) node, or pacemaker, stimulates atria to contract LUB
2) Atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates ventricles to contract DUB
Lub-dub
SA node
VA node

19. Heart Murmur – abnormal heart sound

20. Heart Murmur

21. The Circulatory System and the Heart 2m30s