1. Lesbian Gay Bisexual & Transgender

2. GBLTQQIAAP2S: Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning, Intersex, Ally, Asexual, Pansexual, Two-Spirit OGSM: Outside the Gender / Sexuality Mainstream OGSMA: Outside the Gender / Sexuality Mainstream and Allies

3. Sex and Gender
Sex refers to the biological aspects of being female or male. Sex differences are physical differences
Gender refers to the psychological and sociocultural meanings added to biological sex
Gender differences result from people’s thinking about gender
Allies

4. Gender Dimensions
Gender identity Perceives self Perceives self
as male as female
Gender role Masculine Feminine
Gender identity is self-defined
Gender role is socially-defined

5. Determinants of Gender Identity
Gender identity refers to the personal view of oneself as female or as male

6. Gender role Development
Gender roles are societal expectations for normal and appropriate female and male behavior

7. We are expected to develop a gender identity (our sense of ourselves male or female) that is consistent with the physical body we are born into.
We are then socialized into specific gender roles (socially constructed behavioral expectations of masculinity and femininity) that are consistent with our physical bodies and gender identities.

8. Boys are expected to be aggressive, rough, and physical
Boys are expected to be aggressive, rough, and physical. Girls are expected to be quiet, diffident, and pleasant.
Both girls and boys are expected to develop heterosexual attractions and relationships (sexual and emotional feelings for the other sex).

9. Normal Any other gender roles are unacceptable Abnormal
Gender is seen as binary
Either male or female
female

10. More variability
However, there is far more variability in the relationships among our biological sex (or the bodies we are born into) our gender identity, gender roles, and sexual orientation.

11. Many people whose gender identity is consistent with their biological sex do not adopt traditional gender roles.
They may adopt behaviors and interests that are more associated with the other sex or are gender neutral.
Some people enjoy dressing in clothes associated with the other gender role (cross-dressers).

12. Sexuality
Finally, there is a wide range of ways that people can express their sexuality.
Heterosexuality is only one option. Lesbian, gay, bisexual identities are also ways in which people express their sexual desires.

13. Sexual Orientation
Describes to whom a person is sexually attracted. Some people are attracted to people of a particular gender; others are attracted to more than one gender
It is important to note that there are many other less known versions of sexual orientation such as, but not limited to
asexual, bisexual, gay, lesbian, questioning, queer,

14. Gender Identity and Expression
The ways in which a person identifies and/or expresses their gender, including self-image, appearance, and embodiment of gender roles.
One’s sex (e.g., male, female, intersex, etc.) is usually assigned at birth based on one’s physical biology. we
One’s gender (e.g., man, woman, genderqueer, etc.) is one's internal sense of self and identity. One’s gender expression (e.g., masculine, feminine, androgynous, etc.) is how one embodies gender attributes, presentations, roles, and more

15. 'Transgender’
is an umbrella term often used to refer to people whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex at birth. However, people whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex at birth may not self-identify as transgender; some may identify as transsexual, trans, genderqueer, a person of transgender experience, etc.  

16. Transgender people may or may not use a different name or pronoun than the one they were assigned at birth, and they may or may not pursue hormone therapy or surgery.  When in doubt, always defer to the way a person self-identifies.
'transgender' should always be used as an adjective, never as a noun.
please use "transgender," not "transgendered"-
Max is a transgender man.

17. pause

18. Homophobia
Homophobia plays an important role in maintaining the boundaries around what our society considers "normal."
When people violate these gender and sexuality norms, homophobia is one of the primary tools that is used to let people know they are "out-of-bounds."

19. Gender and Sexual Differences
The narrow construction of gender and sexuality we have learned to accept as normal and natural depends in part for its maintenance
on stigmatizing lesbians, gay men, bisexual people, and trans gender people.

20. Homophobia, biphobia, and transphobia (fear of transgender people) are the glue that holds traditional gender roles and power imbalances between women and men in place. we

21. SW120 - Chapter 7 - Sexual Orientation
American School System
69% of known GLBT students have been victimized
40% of GLBT youth groups reported that sexual orientation negatively affects class work
25% of all gay and lesbian youth drop out of high school
SW120 - Chapter 7 - Sexual Orientation

22. Common among college students Socially acceptable
Antigay hate
Common among college students
Socially acceptable
Force secrecies among the GLBT community
Gay/Lesbian Self Development
Gay/Lesbians grow up as minorities within their families
Gay/Lesbians have no training ground
SW120 - Chapter 7 - Sexual Orientation

23. Gay rights activists fought to have American Psychiatric Association remove homosexuality from official list of mental disorders in 1973.
If laws passed protecting gays against discrimination, some employers fear such laws will result in discrimination lawsuits.
Recent trends toward increased acceptance of homosexuality may, in part, reflect corporate world’s competition over gay and lesbian consumer dollar.

24. LGBTQ individuals typically deal with more stress in their lives than non-LGBTQ people.
It should come as no surprise, then, that LGBTQ individuals experience mental health issues at a much higher rate than the general population,
with LGBTQ youth populations showing the greatest disparities.

25. Increased prevalence of mental health issues in our LGBTQ communities.
being subjected to stigma, prejudice and discrimination; increased stress when dealing with the coming out process (which, contrary to popular belief, is a life-long process that one continually goes through every time an LGBTQ individual meets someone new in their life)  

26. being harassed, bullied, or teased; and being subjected to physical violence –
up to and including the fear that a majority of our youth and trans individuals all too-often face for the safety of their very lives.

27. In fact, LGBTQ individuals can be up to
three times more likely than the general population to experience mental health issues, and are
twice as likely to commit suicide
(with LGBTQ youth being)
four times as likely to commit suicide than their straight peers).

28. Many LGBTQ individuals battling mental health issues thus do so on two fronts:
they battle the stigma and prejudice of being LGBTQ while they also fight against society's biases against having mental health issues.

29. Heterosexism, Homophobia, Biphobia
The institutional and societal reinforcement of heterosexuality as the privileged and powerful norm
Homophobia
Negative attitudes/emotions toward homosexuality
Biphobia
Negative attitudes/emotions toward bisexuality

30. Origins of Homophobia Religion Rigid gender roles Psychiatric labeling
Religious ground: Homosexuality is sinful and prohibited by God.
Rigid gender roles
Gay men = femininity
Psychiatric labeling
A mental disorder, “illness” (APA, prior to 1973)
Myths and negative stereotypes
Myth: “Homosexuals are child molesters”
Myth: “Homosexuals are lack of family values”
Marital and procreative bias

31. Discrimination in the Workplace
In % of Americans say gays should have equal rights in job opportunities (vs. 56% in 1977) (Gallup)
Only 54% of Americans believe that homosexuals should be hired in the clergy or as elementary school teachers
In 1998, Oklahoma bans homosexuals from working in public schools
It is legal in 38 states to fire, decline to hire or promote, or otherwise discriminate against an employee because of his or her sexual orientation
800 cases of discrimination documented (1994 and 2000)

32. Hate crimes against gay, transgender people rise
Violent crimes against the LGBT community rose 13% in 2010
minorities and transgender women were more likely to be targeted.

33. homicide count reached 27, up from 22 in 2009, 70% were minorities and 44% were transgender women.
In fact, 50% of the 2010 assault survivors did not make police reports, with minorities and transgender people the least likely to come forward, the report said.
Heterosexuals who are perceived to be gay are also victimized.

34. Data collected by National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs.
Coalition members said hate crimes tended to increase after other high-profile attacks and
when civil rights advances for the LGBT community were publicly debated.
 Source

35. Marriage Equality Ruling
Violent anti-hate crimes on the rise
Attacks occurred in the south, north and the west.
A shooting in S.F. at Pride parade
Several people attacked in Seattle at Pride parade. Attackers were male and female

36. Hate crimes Maine ranked # 10 highest in U. S
Hate crimes Maine ranked # 10 highest in U.S. NH ranked 9th best for tolerance
majority of these attacks take place in Maine schools or colleges.
Most infamous -Charlie Howard was from Portsmouth, New Hampshire. In 1984, three teenagers in Bangor, Maine threw him off a bridge into a river where he drowned.

37. Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Workers…
Ethical Principle: Social workers challenge social injustice.
Ethical Principle: Social workers respect the
inherent dignity and worth of the person.

38. Social workers should obtain education about and seek to understand the nature of social diversity and oppression with respect to race, …………………………. sexual orientation, …………