1. Amendments
U.S. Constitution

2. Amendments: Bill of Rights
First Amendment:
Topic: Freedom of Religion (includes separation of church and state), Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition
Second Amendment:
Topic: Bearing Arms
A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state

3. Amendments: Bill of Rights
Third Amendment:
Topic: Quartering of Troops
No soldier may be quartered in any house without consent of the owner
Fourth Amendment:
Topic: Searches & Seizures
No Unreasonable Searches or Seizures
Warrants given upon probable cause, particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized

4. Amendments: Bill of Rights
Fifth Amendment:
Topic: Criminal Proceedings
Due Process - the process by which the government must treat accused persons fairly under the law
Capital Crime - punishable by death
Infamous Crime - punishable by prison
Grand Jury Indictment - A panel of citizens must decide if there is enough evidence to accuse an individual
No Double Jeopardy - a person cannot be tried twice for the same crime
A person on trial cannot be forced to testify against themselves
Eminent Domain - the right to take private property for public use

5. Amendments: Bill of Rights
Sixth Amendment:
Topic: Criminal Proceedings
The accused shall have the right to a speedy trial, an impartial jury, and the right to have legal counsel
Seventh Amendment:
Topic: Civil Trials
In a civil case (for money) exceeds twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved

6. Amendments: Bill of Rights
Eighth Amendment:
Topic: Punishment for Crimes
No cruel or unusual punishment
No excessive bail or fines
Ninth Amendment:
Topic: Unenumerated Rights
Rights of the people are not limited to those stated in the Constitution

7. Amendments: Bill of Rights
Tenth Amendment:
Topic: Powers Reserved to the States
Powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states

8. Amendments Eleventh Amendment: Topic: Suits Against States
A citizen of one state cannot sue the government of another state in federal court
A citizen can sue a state government in state court

9. Amendments Twelfth Amendment:
Topic: Election of President and Vice President
Changed the way the Electoral College votes
Electors from each state vote for one Presidential and one Vice Presidential nominee
If no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes, then the House chooses the President and the Senate chooses the Vice President

10. Amendments Thirteenth Amendment (1865):
Topic: Slavery and Involuntary Servitude
Outlawed Slavery and Involuntary Servitude except as a punishment of a crime
Congress has the power to enforce this
Fourteenth Amendment:
Topic: Rights of Citizens
Defines citizenship
Guarantees Equal Protection Under the Law

11. Amendments FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT (1870):
Topic: Right to Vote-Race, Color, Servitude
Extends Voting Rights
Cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude
SIXTEENTH AMENDMENT:
Topic: Income Tax
Congress shall have the power to collect taxes on income

12. Amendments Seventeenth Amendment: Topic: Popular Election of Senators
Senators are directly elected
Previously, Senators were chosen from the state legislatures
Eighteenth Amendment:
Topic: Prohibition of Intoxication Liquors
Banned the making, selling, or transportation of alcoholic beverages in the U.S.

13. Amendments Nineteenth Amendment (1920): Topic: Women’s Suffrage
Right to vote cannot be denied based on gender

14. Amendments Twentieth Amendment:
Topic: Commencement of Terms, Sessions of Congress, Death or Disqualification of President- Elect
Inauguration set on January 20th
Senate and House begin on January 3rd
Vice President takes office if the President dies or does not qualify
Congress has the power to choose the president if the President and Vice President die or do not qualify

15. Amendments Twenty-first Amendment: Topic: Repeal of Prohibition
Ended Prohibition, making it legal to make and sell alcoholic beverages
Twenty-second Amendment:
Topic: Presidential Tenure
No President may serve more than two terms

16. Amendments Twenty-third Amendment:
Topic: Presidential Electors for the District of Columbia
Gives the residents of Washington D.C. the right to vote in Presidential elections
Twenty-fourth Amendment:
Topic: Right to Vote in Federal Elections - Tax Payment
Banned the poll tax

17. Amendments Twenty-fifth Amendment:
Topic: Presidential Succession, Vice Presidential Vacancy, Presidential Inability
The Vice President takes office if the President dies or resigns
Twenty-sixth Amendment:
Topic: Right to Vote Age
Voting age was lowered to 18 years of age

18. Amendments Twenty-seventh Amendment: Topic: Congressional Pay
Congressional pay raises do not go into effect until after the next congressional election