1. Internet Architecture & Protocol
DSL & its Flavors

2. Today’s Agenda Intro to DSL How DSL Works Types of DSL DSL CPE DSLAM
B-RAS
DSL Modem Configurations
Troubleshooting of DSL Modem
DSL Service Providers in World

3. Digital Subscriber Lope
DSL
Digital Subscriber Lope
Allow transmission of information over existing copper lines
PSTN Network
ISDN Network
DSL over PSTN
Always Connected
High Bandwidth
Fast Speed
Voice, Video & Data Transmission

4. DSL Digital Data Transmission High Speed Network
Voice, Video and Data Communication
Benefit of 25Khz Above Frequency of PSTN
Upstream & Downstream Channels
Traditional PSTN Infrastructure dependent

5. Digital Subscriber Lope Network Existence
DSL
Digital Subscriber Lope Network Existence

6. How DSL works ?
DSL Modulation
Guard Band

7. ADSL1 and ADSL2 = 256 Sub-Channels
DSL Modulation / DMT
Discrete Multitone
Method of Conversion
Digital data into Frequencies
Splits value of frequencies into smaller sub-channels
Method of Frequency Division Multiplexing
ADSL1 and ADSL2 = 256 Sub-Channels
ADSL2+ = 512 Sub-Channels

8. How DSL works ?
ADSL - DMT

9. How DSL works ? DSL Versions and Comparison ADSL Type ADSL Standard
Speed Up to
Maximum Frequency
Upstream Start
Upstream Tones
Downstream Start
Downstream Tones
Total BINs
ADSL 1
G.992.1
8 Mbps
1.1 MHz
25 kHz
6-31
142.3 kHz
33-255
256
ADSL 2
G.992.3
12 Mbps
ADSL 2+
G.992.5
24 Mbps
2.2 MHz
33-511
512

10. How DSL works ?
ADSL Versions and Comparison

12. Digital Subscriber Lope Network Existence
DSL
Digital Subscriber Lope Network Existence

13. Customer Premises Equipment
DSL CPE
Customer Premises Equipment
Customer Side Device
Sync with the DSLAM
Connect with the RAS for Internet Services
Username / Password

14. Customer Premises Equipment
DSL CPE
Customer Premises Equipment

15. Customer Premises Equipment
DSL CPE
Customer Premises Equipment

16. ADSL Values for Better Performance
DSL CPE
ADSL Values for Better Performance
Faculty of Information Technology | SABAC

17. SNR Margin Signal to Noise Ratio SNR = Signal Value / Noise Value
High SNR = Stable Connection & Less Errors
6dB. or below = Bad and will experience no line synchronization and frequent disconnections
7dB-10dB. = Fair but does not leave much room for variances in conditions.
11dB-20dB. = Good with little or no disconnection problems
20dB-28dB. = Excellent
29dB. or above = Outstanding

18. Loss of Signal over Distance
Line Attenuation
Loss of Signal over Distance
Distance
Cabling
Joints
PSTN Network
20bB. and below = Outstanding
20dB-30dB. = Excellent
30dB-40dB. = Very Good
40dB-50dB. = Good
50dB-60dB. = Poor and may experience connectivity issues
60dB. and above = Bad and will experience connectivity issues

19. DSL Service Commissioning
DSL Line Quality / LOPE Test

20. How DSL works ?
DSL Network

21. ADSL
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
SDSL
Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
RADSL
Rate Adaptive Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
HDSL
High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line
VDSL
Very High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line
G.SHDSL
Single Line High Bit Rate Digital Subscriber Line

22. ADVANTAGES
The primary advantage of DSL is the speed.
Independent service
Customers have dedicated lines.
Good for "burst" traffic patterns.
Always On
Does not require new wiring
DSL available in multiple speeds to meet your requirement
Offers simultaneous data and voice capability
DISADVANTAGES
Not available for everyone.
Difficult to install
Expensive
Distance dependence

23. Summary Intro to DSL How DSL Works Types of DSL DSL CPE DSLAM B-RAS
DSL Modem Configurations
Troubleshooting of DSL Modem
DSL Service Providers in World

24. Recommended Reading
Search Google for “ADSL”

25. Assignment - 1 Design a fully functional ADSL Setup from user to ISP
Including
Home PC
ADSL Modem
PSTN Exchange
DSLAM
RAS
Internet Cloud
Explain Diagram in Bullets as Well