1. Module 3 – Naval Skills Unit 3 - Basic Seamanship
Chapter 2 – Ground Tackle and Deck Equipment
Section 1 – Anchors and Related Equipment

2. Demonstrate an understanding of basic care, makeup and use of fiber lines and wire ropes, ground tackle and deck equipment, as it relates to basic seamanship

3. Explain the terms associated with and the use of ground tackle
Explain the terms associated with and the use of anchors
Explain the terms associated with and the use of anchor chains and related equipment
Describe the operation of an anchor windlass

4. CPS Key Term Questions 1 - 20

5. Ground tackle -
Equipment, as anchors, chains, or windlasses, for mooring a vessel away from a pier or other fixed moorings
Mooring -
The means by which a ship, boat, or aircraft is secured in a particular place, as by cables and anchors or by lines

6. Chain stopper -
Holds the anchor securely in place when not actually in the process of letting it go or heaving it in
Pelican hook -
A hook-like device for holding the link of a chain or the like, consisting of a long shackle with a hinged rod held closed with a sliding ring

7. Anchor windlass -
Machine used to hoist an anchor
Weigh anchor -
To raise the anchor and get under way
Hawsepipe -
An iron or steel pipe in the bow of a vessel through which an anchor chain passes from the deck to the ship’s side

8. Chain pipe -
An iron or steel pipe in the deck of a vessel through which an anchor chain runs from the windlass down into the chain locker
Mediterranean moor -
A type of mooring in which the stern is moored to a pier and an anchor out on each side of the bow

9. Fluke anchor -
The part of an anchor that catches in the ground, especially the flat triangular piece at the end of each arm
Stockless anchor -
Also called bower anchors because they are always carried on or used from the bow of a shipstock – a transverse piece of wood or metal near the ring on some anchors

10. Mushroom anchor -
A stockless anchor having a bowlike head, used chiefly for semi-permanent moorings
LWT anchor -
Light Weight Type anchor; has better holding power, and are only half the size of a stockless anchor

11. Stern anchor -
An anchor carried aft and used by amphibious ships to pull or retract themselves off the beach
Chain shot -
The lengths of chain that make up the ship’s anchor cable
Swivel shot -
Swivel or bending shots attach the anchor chain to the anchor

12. Detachable link -
A link to unfasten and separate shots of anchor chain
Fathom -
A unit of length equal to six feet (approximately 1.8 m), chiefly used in reference to the depth of water

13. Capstan -
Any windlass rotated in a horizontal plane by hand or machinery, for winding in ropes or cables
Wildcat -
Drum below the capstan which contains the teeth
(whelps) that engage (fit in) the
links of the anchor chain and prevent it from slipping

14. Based on your current knowledge, what types of deck equipment may be used aboard a Navy ship?

15. CPS Lesson Questions 1 - 2

16. Three General Groups of Deck Equipment
Introduction
Three General Groups of Deck Equipment
Deck Fittings
Ground Tackle
Riggings and Booms

17. Introduction
The first major group of deck equipment is used in anchoring and mooring with anchors.
Ground tackle is equipment, as anchors, chains, or windlasses, for mooring a vessel away from a pier or other fixed moorings.
Mooring is the means by which a ship, boat, or aircraft is secured in a particular place, as by cables and anchors or by lines.

18. Introduction
The second major group of deck equipment has to do with mooring the ship, including the deck fittings to which lines are made fast.
Bitts

19. Introduction
A third major group of deck equipment contains the rigging and booms that are used to lift cargo and heavy equipment.

20. Ground Tackle: Anchors and Anchor Chains/Cables

21. Ground Tackle: Chain/Cable Parts and Tools
A chain stopper holds the anchor securely in place when not actually in the process of letting it go or heaving it in.
Chain Stopper

22. Ground Tackle: Chain/Cable Parts and Tools
A pelican hook is a hook-like device for holding the link of a chain or the like, consisting of a long shackle with a hinged rod held closed with a sliding ring.
Pelican Hook

23. Ground Tackle: Anchor Windlass and Controls
An anchor wildness is a machine used to hoist an anchor.
A weigh anchor is used to raise the anchor and get under way.

24. Ground Tackle: Anchor Windlass and Controls
A hawsepipe is an iron or steel pipe in the bow of a vessel through which an anchor chain passes from the deck to the ship’s side.
Hawsepipe
Chain Pipe
A chain pipe is an iron or steel pipe in the deck of a vessel through which an anchor chain runs from the windlass down into the chain locker.

25. Ground Tackle Windlass Windlass Room Chain Pipe Waterline Chain Locker
Bitter End

26. 3 - 4

27. Anchors Four Major Types of Anchors MK 2 LWT Standard Navy Stockless
Mushroom Anchor
Two-Fluke, Balanced-Fluke

28. Anchors
Anchored Ship

29. Anchors
Moored Ship

30. Anchors
Moored to a Buoy
Moored to a Pier

31. Anchors
Mediterranean Moor
Pier

32. Standard Stockless (Bower) Anchor
Anchors
Standard Stockless (Bower) Anchor
Ring
Shank
Fluke
Throat
Arm

33. Anchors
Mushroom Anchor
Ring
Shank
Crown

34. Light Weight Type (LWT) Anchor
Anchors
Light Weight Type (LWT) Anchor
Anchor Shackle
Shank
Bill or Pea
Fluke
Crown
Stock

35. Two-Fluke, Balanced Fluke Anchor
Anchors
Two-Fluke, Balanced Fluke Anchor
Ring
Shank
Fluke
Fluke
Arm

36. Anchors
Most naval ships have patent or stockless anchors because they are easy to stow and handle.

37. Anchors
Stockless anchors are called bower anchors because they are always carried on or used from the bow of a ship.
The arms or flukes of the anchor can swing to either side to dig into the harbor bottom.
The largest weigh 30 tons and are used on aircraft carriers.

38. Anchors
Submarines are equipped with a mushroom anchor so they can anchor even when submerged.

39. Anchors
Most new destroyers, frigates, and cruisers have LWT anchors.

40. Anchors
Ships using the light weight type (LWT) anchor usually carry it on the port bow.

41. Two-Fluke, Balanced-Fluke Anchor
Anchors
Two-Fluke, Balanced-Fluke Anchor
This anchor is used for anchoring some new
surface ships and the newest submarines.

42. 5 - 6

43. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
The anchor chain is made up of links and is called the anchor cable.
A single link of a large aircraft carrier chain weighs about 250 pounds!

44. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Shots
The lengths of chain that make up the ship’s anchor cable.
A standard shot is 15 fathoms, or 90 feet, in length.

45. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Some detachable links are painted red, white, or blue to let the anchor detail know how much chain has run out.
A detachable link is a link used to unfasten and separate shots of anchor chain.

46. Parts of a Detachable Link
Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Parts of a Detachable Link
Lead Plug
Taper Pin
Matched Set
Hairpin

47. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
The number of adjacent links painted white indicates the shot number.
Each link of the next-to-last shot is painted yellow.
The entire last shot is painted red. This is to warn that the chain is out almost to its bitter end.

48. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
1st shot - 15 Fathoms out
2nd shot - 30 Fathoms out
3rd shot - 45 Fathoms out

49. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
4th shot - 60 Fathoms out
Next to last shot - 30 Fathoms left
LAST shot - 15 Fathoms left
WATCH OUT !!

50. What is the length of anchor chain paid out?
Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
What is the shot number?
Ninth Shot
What is the length of anchor chain paid out?
135 Fathoms

51. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Detachable Link
Anchor Shackle
Swivel
End Link
Bending Shackle
Swivel or bending shots attach the anchor chain to the anchor.

52. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Detachable Link
Pelican Hook
Shackle
Turnbuckle
Chain stoppers are made up of a turnbuckle inserted in a short section of chain.

53. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
A pelican hook is attached to one end of the chain, with a shackle at the other end.

54. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Uses of Pelican Hooks
Relieving stress on the windlass when anchored
Holding the anchor taut in the hawsepipe
Holding an anchor and its swivel shot when they are disconnected from the chain

55. Vertical Anchor Windlass
Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Vertical Anchor Windlass
Capstan
Deck
Brake Handwheel
Friction Brake
Locking Handwheel
Drive Motor
Motor-Operated Brake
Machinery used on combatant ships to lift, or weigh, the anchor and its cable.

56. Horizontal windlass used on auxiliary ships.
Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Gypsyheads
Wildcats
Horizontal windlass used on auxiliary ships.

57. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
The linehandling drum on top of the shaft of the anchor windlass.
A capstan is any of various windlasses, rotated in a horizontal plane by hand or machinery, for winding in ropes or cables.
Capstan

58. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
A wildcat is the drum below the capstan which contains the teeth (whelps) that engage (fit in) the links of the anchor chain and prevent it from slipping.

59. Anchor Chains and Related Equipment
Break
The wildcat is fitted with a brake to stop the chain at the desired length in the water (scope).

60. Name and describe the different types of anchors used in the U.S. Navy.

61. CPS Lesson Questions
7 - 8