1. Anatomical Terminology

2. Anatomical Structures

3. Vocabulary Bone Joint Joint Capsule Ligament Cartilage Meniscus
Dense, calcified connective tissue
Bone
Where 2 bones meet
Joint
Saclike structure that encloses the end of bone
Joint Capsule
Connects bone to bone
Ligament
Tough elastic shock absorbing tissue that covers ends of bones
Cartilage
Crescent shaped connective tissue between bones that cushions
Meniscus

4. Vocabulary Muscle Tendon Origin Insertion Fascia Bursa Nerve
Tissue made of bundles that contract for movement
Muscle
Connects muscle to bone
Tendon
Place muscle begins
Origin
Place muscle ends/attaches to a bone
Insertion
Flat layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers groups of muscles
Fascia
Fluid filled sac that provides cushion between bones & tendons
Bursa
Helps with feeling (sensory) and movement (motor)
Nerve

5. Bone-dense, calcified connective tissue

6. Joint- Where 2 bones meet

7. Joint capsule-saclike structure that encloses the end of bones

8. Ligament-connects bone to bone

9. Cartilage-protects bones from grinding together in a joint; shock absorbers

10. Meniscus- crescent shaped connective tissue between bones that provides cushioning

11. Muscle-tissue that when stimulated contracts and produces movement

12. Tendon-tissue that connects muscle to bone

13. Origin-where a muscle starts at a joint

14. Insertion-where a muscle ends/stops at a joint

15. Fascia- Flat layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers groups of muscles

16. Bursa-a small sac between a muscle and a bone; provides lubrication

17. Nerve-helps with feeling (sensory) and movement (motor)

18. Anatomical Position
When a human body is in an upright (standing) position
Arms at side
Palms forward

19. Division of the body for dissections
Anatomical Planes
Division of the body for dissections

20. Types of Anatomical Planes
Sagittal- left and right sides

21. Coronal-Front and back
Types of Anatomical Planes
Coronal-Front and back

22. Transverse-top and bottom
Types of Anatomical Planes
Transverse-top and bottom

25. Terms of Relationship

26. Superior (cranial)-above, towards the top

27. Inferior (caudal)-below, towards the bottom

28. Anterior (ventral)- towards front

29. Posterior (dorsal)- towards back

30. Medial- closer to midline of body

31. Lateral- farther from midline of body

32. Proximal- closer to top of limb

33. Distal- closer to bottom or end of limb

34. Superficial-close to the surface

35. Deep-deep to the surface

36. External-outer

37. Internal-inner

38. Central-close to the center

39. Peripheral-away from the center/out to the side

40. Parietal-outer

41. Visceral-inner

42. Supine: Lying face upwards

43. Prone: Lying face downwards

44. Knowledge Check
Complete Anatomical Terms Worksheet

45. Action-what movement a muscle does
Flexion
Extension
Abduction
Adduction
Internal rotation
External rotation

46. Basic Movement Patterns

47. Flexion-to bend or decrease the angle at a joint.
Wrist
Shoulder
Elbow
Hip
Knee
Flexion can occur at: Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Fingers, Trunk, Hip, and Knee, and Toes

48. Extension-to straighten or increase an angle at a joint
Knee
Wrist
Shoulder
Hip
Elbow
Extension can occur at: Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Fingers, Trunk, Hip, and Knee, and Toes

49. Abduction-to take away from the midline or center of the body
Shoulder
Hip
Abduction can occur at: Shoulder, Hip, Fingers, Toes

50. Adduction-to bring back to or add back to the midline or center of the body
Shoulder
Hip
Adduction can occur at: Shoulder, Hip, Fingers, Toes

51. Internal rotation-when a bone in the joint rolls or rotates forward in its socket
Shoulder
Hip
Internal Rotation can occur at: Shoulder, Hip

52. External rotation-when a bone in the joint rolls or rotates back in its socket
Shoulder
Hip
External Rotation can occur at: Shoulder, Hip

53. Circumduction-full circle or 360 degrees of motion
Circumduction can occur at: Shoulder, Hip

54. Eversion-bottom of foot goes out laterally
Eversion can occur at: Ankle only

55. Inversion-bottom of foot goes in medially
Inversion can occur at: Ankle only

57. Plantarflexion-to point toes to floor or stand on tip toes like a ballerina
Plantar Flexion can occur at: Ankle only

58. Dorsiflexion-stand or balance on heels, toes up off the ground
Dorsiflexion can occur at: Ankle only

60. Supination-palms are up or high arch in foot
Supination can occur at: Forearm, Foot

61. Pronation-palms are down or flattened arch in foot
Pronation can occur at: Forearm, Foot

63. Protraction-separate shoulder blades; round shoulders forward
Protraction can occur at: Shoulder only

64. Retraction-pinch shoulder blades together
Retraction can occur at: Shoulder only