1. … in an ordered potential (but with Coulomb interactions)
Electromagnetically exciting the Electron-Glass The case of microwaves radiation and ac fields
…in a disordered potential
… in an ordered potential (but with Coulomb interactions)
…both…
…frustration…
interaction

2. The basic phenomena …slow relaxation…
…quench the sample from high T…
Unless otherwise mentioned; T=4K all samples are 2D and in the hopping regime
Beryllium
In2O3-x

3. …another way to get it out of equilibrium... electromagnetic radiation
…zap it with light (AlGaAs LED, l=0.88mm
…like changing gate voltage…
…not all photons are born equal…

4. EC is set by the Coulomb interaction
Out-of-equilibrium
High energy, random distribution, conductance = high
Slow relaxation
Lower energy, correlated distribution, conductance = lower
higher energy, correlated distribution, conductance = high
Fast relaxation
Equilibrated

5. …or raise bath-temperature by DT…
…more ways to get it out of equilibrium...
gate
insulator
sample
…apply non-ohmic field F…(high voltage)
…or raise bath-temperature by DT…
…F and DT have qualitatively similar effect …

6. …origin of the MW-enhanced conductance?… is it heating??
gate
insulator
sample
…the “memory-Dip (MD )
In2O3-x or InxO
…MD shape may be used as a thermometer...
DG is sub-linear with MW power P…
DG is NOT-due to heating…

7. it’s “universal”… II I V
R=V/I V II I
G=I/V

8. …just non-Ohmicity controlled by:
… and it’s trivial
…just non-Ohmicity controlled by:

9. … temperature dependence...
…but what about magnitude; how big should F be to account for DG/G ? (which may be of order 1)

10. eFx= akBT a=1 (Shklovskii) a=0.01-0.04 (experiment)
… what they don’t want you to know...
P doped Si
Non-Ohmic Conductivity of Barely Localized Electrons
in Three Dimensions
T. F. Rosenbaum*, K. Andres and G. A. Thomas
Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974
Solid State Communications, Vol.35, pp.663—666
r(T,F) a r(T)exp(eFL/kBT)
Strongly-localized In203-x. films
OBSERVATION OF ACTIVATIONLESS HOPPING CONDUCTIVITY IN
STRONG ELECTRIC FIELDS
O. Faran and Z. Ovadyahu
Solid State Communications, Vol. 67, No. 8, pp , 1988
eFx= akBT
a=1 (Shklovskii)
a= (experiment)
Doped-Ge (nuclear-transmutation)

11. …but if DG is indeed just a non-Ohmic effect due to the ac field, where is the associated slow relaxation?
…apply non-ohmic field F…(high voltage)
…or raise bath-temperature by DT…

12. … there is slow relaxation...
… but, it goes down with w...

13. … and is very small at the MW regime...

14. Hopping Conduction in the Presence of an Electromagnetic WaveBY
I. P. ZVYAGIN