1. Fowl cholera
Presented:A.A.Abed

2. Fowl cholera is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild birds
Fowl cholera is a highly contagious disease of domestic and wild birds. Characterized by
Sudden death.

3. Pasteurella multocida
Etiology
Pasteurella multocida

4. Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod shaped bi polar Bacteria
Morphology
Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod shaped
bi polar Bacteria

5. Capsular antigens Somatic antigens Serotyping 5 serogroup A,B,D,,F
A,B,D,E,F
5 serogroup
A,B,D,,F
Capsular antigens
1−16
Somatic antigens
16 serogroup

6. Epidemiology
Attack many kinds of birds as like as: Fowl,Turkey,Duck,Geese,wild bird,water fowl.
Turkey are more sensitive than each others.Some domestic mammals are olso susceptible

7. Epidemiology cont Morbidity:10-80 Mortality:turkey →68 duck→50
poultry→15-50
Age: older than 16 w in layer
4-5 w in broiler
Season:autumn and winter

8. Pathogenesis
Enterance:
1-URT mucosal membrane
2-conjunctiva
3-cutaneous wounds
Incubation period:4-9 days

9. Pathogenesis cont 1. start of acute septicemia with coagulopaties
2.production of endotoxin →oedema , haemorrhagia ,shock,sudden deaths
3.bacteraemia→spreading to lung
4.influencing factors →1- crowding, 2-clima,3-concurrent infection 4-nutrition,5- biosecurity, 6-injury and stress

10. Transmission 1.Direct contact or aerosol (excretes)
source → latently infected or chronic sick birds
location of infection → URT and nasal cavity
2.Indirectly → personnel and equipment, vectors →pigs, cattle, cats, wild birds, rodents, insects Incubation period→4-9 days

11. Clinical signs high morbidity and mortality, depression, fever
Acute course – sudden death, mortality to 50 % →12-24h
Sub acute course →24-48h
high morbidity and mortality, depression, fever
discharge from beak and nostrils
anorexia, diarrhoea(yellow→Green),accelerated breathing
dyspnea, cyanosis of comb and wattles
in ducks-natatory movement

13. Clinical signs cont Chronic course
Failure of growth and developement of body
Drop in egg production
Swelling of wattles, sinuses
Swelling of joints, foot pad, sternal bursa
Torticolis
Dermal necrosis in turkey
Granulomatous dermatitis in pigeons and birds of prey

14. In the chronic form of fowl cholera, suppurative lesions may be found in
a variety of locations. In this broiler breeder, severe swelling of the
infraorbital sinuses may found on external examination

15. Post mortem findings Acute form Sub acute form
Petechia to ecchymosis on serosis and mucous membrane
exsudative pneumonia
Sub acute form
Petechia to ecchymosis in intestine, heart,lungs
exsudate in pericard and body cavity
swollen liver, coagulative necrosis(corn meal liver)
in turkey → frequently exsudative pneumonia
In turkey → flaccid, puckered a hyperemic follicle on ovary

16. Fowl cholera. Small areas of necrosis in the liver (corn meal liver)

17. hyperemic flaccid follicles

18. Hemorrhage in heart muscle
Haemorrhages in intestine (different extent)

19. Post mortem findings chronic form
Wattle form, artritis, osteomyelitis
Exsudative serositis
sinusitis

20. The foot has been incised to show a caseous exudate .

21. Diagnosis 1.history, sings and lesions 2.bacteriology
3.indentification by using biochemical test
4.now is available PCR test
5.bipolar microorganismus by bluedomethylene staining
6.Serology
AGID or ELISA, better for evaluation of vaccine
response

22. Bacteriology Bluedomethylene,lichman,gimsa staining→bipolar bacteria
Heart and livers blood
Culture in : dextrose starch agar +5%serum
Morphology on D.S.A:
1- Fluorescent→high virolent
2-sectored colony→mild
3-blue or slightly fluorescent→low
4-non fluorescent→non pathogene
MUSSY ODOR

23. Diferential diagnosis
1.Infectious coryza
2.Fowl typhoid
3.Fowl plague(avian flu)
4.Duck plaque(duck herpes virus 1)
5.Otherpaseurellas(p.haemol itica,p.gallinarm)

24. 1-Wild birds 2-Rodents 3-cat.dog,pigs,… 4-Vaccination
Prevention
1-Wild birds
2-Rodents
3-cat.dog,pigs,…
4-Vaccination

25. Vccination 1 -live attenuated
2-in activated : razi institute A: Best→(-):1,3,4
Age : 8-10 and w
In poultry →IM
In turkey →DW

26. 2-Semisynthetic penicillins 3-Tertracyclines 4-Erythromycin
Teatment
1-Sulfa drugs
2-Semisynthetic penicillins
3-Tertracyclines
4-Erythromycin

27. Thanks