1. Energy Resources and Fossil Fuels

2. 3 Types of Fossil Fuels
1) Oil
2) Natural Gas
3) Coal

3. 5 Main Purposes of Fossil Fuels
1) cooking
2) transportation
3) manufacturing
4) heating/cooling buildings
5) generating electricity to run machines and appliances

4. Fossil Fuel Formation 1) Dead plants and animals
(full of organic material)
sank to the bottom
of bodies of water.
2) These dead plants
and animals were covered
by layers of sediment in
the water.

5. Fossil Fuel Formation Continued
3) The layers of sediment
added increased pressure
and heat to the dead plant
and animal remains.
4) The remains converted
into hydrocarbons and carbons
that make up fossil fuels.

6. How Long it Takes for Fossil Fuels to Form
Millions of Years BEFORE dinosaurs

7. Conditions Determining What Type of Fossil Fuel is Formed
1) If it is animal or plant debris
2) How long the animal or plant debris has been buried
3) Temperature
4) Amount of Pressure

8. Oil Source: Decomposed remains of water dwelling animals
Conditions needed to produce oil:
Very HOT temperature
A LOT of pressure
Bacteria

9. Oil that is pumped from the ground
Petroleum "Crude Oil"
Oil that is pumped from the ground
Products made from Petroleum:
1) fuels
2) chemicals
3) plastics

10. Natural Gas Source: Decomposed remains of water dwelling animals
Conditions needed to produce natural gas:
HOTTER temperatures than oil
MORE PRESSURE than oil

11. Cleanest of all the fossil fuels
Natural Gas
Cleanest of all the fossil fuels
Why:
Has fewer amounts of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen than oil and coal

12. Location of Oil and Natural Gas
Caprocks

13. Caprocks
Nonpermeable rock found in the Earth's crust that traps gas and oil as it leaks up towards the surface of the Earth

14. Coal
Source:
Decomposed remains of plants in dried up swamps that were once covered by sea water
Conditions needed to produce coal:
HOT temperatures
Increased amounts of pressure

15. Location of Coal
Underground

16. Types of Coal 1) Lignite 2) Subbituminous 3) Bituminous 4) Anthracite
Closest to surface of Earth
Furthest from surface of Earth
1) Lignite
2) Subbituminous
3) Bituminous
4) Anthracite
Least amount of energy
Most amount of energy

17. 2 Advantages of Using Coal
1) inexpensive
2) needs little refining after it has been mined

18. Fun Facts About Coal
It takes about 10 feet of prehistoric plant debris to make 1 foot of coal
A stove uses 1/2 a ton of coal a year
A water heater uses 2 tons of coal a year
A refrigerator uses 1/2 a ton of coal a year

19. MOST Fossil Fuels are Used to Produce
Electricity

20. How Fossil Fuels are Converted to Electricity

22. 2 Disadvantages of Using Electricity
1) Difficult to store
2) Other energy sources have to be used to generate it

23. Currently fossil fuels supply 90% of developed countries' energy
Fossil Fuels Today
Currently fossil fuels supply 90% of developed countries' energy

25. 2 Problems With Fossil Fuels
1) limited supply
2) obtaining and using them causes environmental problems

26. Fossil Fuels and the Future
Scientists predict that by 2050 the world's demand on fossil fuels will double
Results of the Increase in Demand:
1) higher prices for fossil fuels
2) transition to alternative energy sources