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Aryabhata:- First Indian Experimental Satellite named after Indian astronomer of the Aryabhata
Slide Presentation Compiled by
Prof.Ujwala Bongale
TCOER-Pune
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2. Aryabhata:- First Indian Experimental Satellite named after an
Indian astronomer of
the Aryabhata By
Ujwala Bongale

3. Satellites Overview History How Satellites Work
Aryabhata (India’s First Satellite)
About Aryabhata
Missions of Aryabhata
Disadvantages
Applications

4. History of Indian Satellites
The first satellite that was used for communication
purpose in India was ARYABHATTA and it was launched
in 19 April 1975.
APPLE was launched in space which was the first Indian
Experimental communication satellite.
INSAT (Indian National Satellite System) is a series of
multipurpose geostationary satellites launched by ISRO to satisfy
the telecommunications, broadcasting & search and rescue needs
of India in 1983.

5. History of Indian Satellites
INSAT is the largest domestic communication system in the Asia-
Pacific Region.
Chandrayaan-1 was launched by the Indian Space Research
Organization in October 2008 and operated until August 2009.

6. What is Satellite A Satellite is a solid object revolves
around some heavenly body due to
the effect of gravitational forces
which are mutual in nature.
A satellite is a station in space
that is used for telecommunication,
radio, television signals and other
purpose.
Most of the satellite have a
transponder.

7. Satellite Communication utilization
Satellite Communication utilization has become wide spread and
ubiquitous throughout the country for such diverse applications like
Television, DTH Broadcasting, DSNG and VSAT to exploit the unique
capabilities in terms of coverage and outreach. 
Benefits of technology to the betterment of mankind.
Important initiatives pursued by ISRO towards societal development
include Tele-education, Tele-medicine, Village Resource Centre
(VRC) and Disaster Management System (DMS) Programmes.
The potential of the space technology for applications of national
development is enormous.

8. What is Satellite Types of Satellites Active Passive Natural Satellite
Example: Moon
Artificial Satellite
Example: Spherical balloon with metal coated plastic

9. What is Satellite
Active satellites are complicated structures having a
processing equipment called Transponder.
These transponders serve dual purpose i.e. provides
amplification of the incoming signal and performs the
frequency translation of the incoming signal to avoid
interference between the two signals.

10. Parts of Satellite

11. How Satellites Work A Earth Station sends
message in the form of signal
in GHz range (Uplink).
Satellite Receive the signal
and after processing by
transponder, it retransmit
signals back.(Downlink).

12. Ground segment of Satellite
The ground segment consists of
Earth Stations
User terminals & interferences
Network control centre
Transmit equipment
Antenna system

13. Kepler’s Law For Satellite
1st Law: The orbit of every planet is an
ellipse with the sun at one of the two
foci.
2nd Law: A line joining a planet & the
sun sweeps out equal areas during equal
intervals of time.
3rd Law: The square of orbital period
(T) of the planet is directly proportional
to the cube root of semi major axis(D) of
the orbit.

14. Satellite Frequency Bands:
Satellites works in Super high frequency range but with different frequency bands.
L- Band: 1 to 2 Ghz,
S- Band: 2 to 4 Ghz,
C- Band: 4 to 8 Ghz,
X- Band: 8 to 13 Ghz,
Ku- Band: 12 to 18 Ghz,
K- Band: 18 to 28 Ghz,
Ka- Band: 28 to 40 Ghz,

15. Aryabhata

16. About Aryabhata
Manufacturer: ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
to gain experience in building and operating a
satellite in space.
Owner: ISRO

17. About Aryabhata The exercise also provided an opportunity to conduct
investigations in the area of space sciences.
The satellite carried three experiments, one each in X-Ray
Astronomy, Solar Physics and Aeronomy.
The satellite weighed 360 Kgs and was launched on April 19,
1975, by a Soviet Intercosmos Rocket, it was placed in an orbit
of 619 X 562 kms.  
It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy,
aeronomics, and solar physics. 

18. About Aryabhata Mission Scientific/ Experimental Weight 360 kg
On board power
46 Watts
Communication
VHF band
Stabilization
Spinstabilize
Payload
X-ray Astronomy Aeronomy & Solar Physics
Launch date
April 19,1975

19. About Aryabhata Launch site
Volgograd Launch Station (presently in Russia)
Launch vehicle
C-1 Intercosmos
Orbit
563 x 619 km
Inclination
50.7 deg
Mission life
6 months(nominal), Spacecraft mainframe active till March,1981
Orbital Life
Nearly seventeen years (Re-entered on February 10,1992)

20. The main objectives of this mission
To evolve the methodology of conducting a series of complex
operations on the satellite in its orbital phase, to set up ground-
based receiving, transmitting and tracking systems.
And to establish infrastructure for the fabrication of spacecraft
systems

21. Disadvantages
Single unit Launching of small satellites into orbit is costly.
The coverage is not much wide.
Satellite bandwidth is gradually becoming used up.
Due to less power ,noise interference in satellite
communication may occur.
Very difficult to repair and maintain in the space.

22. Application SAT PHONE INTERNET GPS Radio Broadcast
Fixed Service Satellite (FSS)
Direct Broadcast Satellite
Military

23. References 1.Aryabhata (satellite) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia2.
3.Image credit

24. This presentation is Space Technology OER Submission for FDP on
“Use of ICT for Online and Blended Learning”
Under –RC-1101 – 06-Team members submission
PPT Slide template credit : PPTTemplate.net