1. RF-OCS-111 SOE 2017, June 10-13 Presented By Dr. Joobin Khadamy
Determining the frequency of dry eye in computer users and comparing with control group
Mohammad Hossein Davari, MD1; Ghasem Karimi, MD1;
Seyed Hamid Sajjadi, MD1
Department of Ophthalmology, Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Birjand University of Medical Science (BIUMS), Birjand City, South Khorasan, Iran.
Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
No financial interest in any material discussed.
RF-OCS-111
SOE 2017, June 10-13
Presented By Dr. Joobin Khadamy

2. introduction
The increasing use of computers in the last decade has become an integral part of modern life.
Eye problems resulting from the use of computers are known as Computer Vision Syndrome(CVS).
The most common symptoms are eyestrain, headaches, blurred vision and neck or shoulder pain.
Red eye, blurred vision, double vision, and eye irritation are common.
Sheedy JE. Vision problems at video display terminals: A survey of optometrists. J Am Optom Assoc, 63(10): , 1992.
Salibello C, Nilsen E. Is there a typical VDT patient? A demographic analysis. J Am Optom Assoc, 66(8):479-83, 1995.

3. introduction
One study found that about 90% of the 70 million computer users in America work with computer more than 3 hours a day so that they have symptoms of CVS.
The dry eye can result from excessive use of computer and TV screens, etc.
It is estimated that CVS can reduce performance on specific task by 40%.
Aaras, A., Horgen, G., & Ro O. (2000). Work with visual display unit: Health consequences. International Journal of Human Computer Interaction 12,

4. purpose
To compare prevalence of dry eye and other ocular symptoms in subjects with chronic computer work and subjects with out history of long term frequent computer work

5. methods
A non randomized case-control study was performed on individuals who used computer daily less than 6 months (control) and more than 6 months (cases)
The subjects underwent full ophthalmic exam including Schirmer test ( 5 minute w/o drop) and TBUT and their history and computer work habits were recorded.

6. Results A total 304 individual (152 per group) were recruited.
Dry eyes was significantly higher in computer users group 3.3% (5) vs 61.8% (94); (p=0.0001).
Eye symptoms was significantly higher in computer users group 7.9% (12) vs 34.2% (52); (p=0.0001).
Dry eye was not correlated with gender and age in computer users(p=0.8).

7. Results

8. Results
Table 2- comparing frequency distribution of symptoms and signs in computer users and control group
User
Frequency (percentage)
Non-user
Sum
Result of Chi square test
Eye dryness
(61.8) 94
3.3)) 55
(32.6) 99
0.0001=p
Symptoms All
(34.2) 52
(7.9) 12
(21.1) 64
Tearing
(89.4) 42
(10.6) 5
(15.4) 47
Redness
(87.8) 36
(12.2) 5
(13.4) 41
Eye pain
(93.9) 31
(6.1) 2
(10.8) 33
Blurred vision
(90.3) 28
(90.7) 3
(10.1) 31
Double vision
(82.4) 14
(17.6) 3
(5.5) 17
0.006=p
Dry eye
(96.9) 31
(3.1) 1
(10.5) 32
Muscle pain

9. Results
Table 3. comparing frequency distribution of dry eye in computer users in terms of age groups
Age group
Under 25 years
(percentage)
26-35 years
Over 36 years
Sum
Result of Chi square test
Dry eye
(56.4) 22
(61) 50
(71) 22
(61) 94
0.1=p
Table 4. comparing frequency distribution of dry eye in computer users in terms of gender
Gender
Male
(percentage)
Female
Sum
Result of Chi square test
Dry eye
(60) 36
(63) 58
(61.68) 94
0.8=p

10. Results
Patients with dry eye mean working hour with computer per day was 6.65 ± 3.52 hours, while it was 1.62 ± 2.54 hours in control group (p=0.0001).
Table 5. comparing frequency distribution of working hours with computer control and computer users groups
Working hour
User
(percentage)
Non-user
sum
Chi square test
1 to 3
(22.4) 34
(100) 152
(61.2) 186
P<0.0001
4 to 6
(38.8) 59
(0) 0
(19.4) 59
Over 7

11. Conclusions
Prevalence of dry eye among routine long-term computer users is high.
Many do not have good knowledge and attitude on visual ergonomics.
We would like to recommend that preventive measures to be taught by ophthalmologists and taken by computer users to reduce the prevalence of CVS and dry eye among them.