1. Take out homework
Paragraph on Aim

3. Land of the Pharaohs
Aim: How was Egypt united and what role did pharaohs play in ancient Egypt?
Do Now: Take out paragraph on Aim

4. 5,000 years ago – villages were
thriving
Increase in trade along the Nile

5. Use of Egyptian Boats Trade Gold - jewelry - cloth
Papyrus - silver - timber
Transportation

6. Two Kingdoms Wars between villages
Upper Egypt – supported king with a white crown
Lower Egypt – supported king with a red crown

7. United Kingdoms
Menes – king of Upper Egypt who united Upper and Lower Egypt
His army overthrew king of Lower Egypt
Now wore a double crown of red and white
Unification – the joining of separate parts into one

8. Pharaoh Menes Menes became the first pharaoh
Title used for ancient rulers of Egypt
Absolute power and thought to be a god
Three time periods of Egypt
Old Kingdom – 2500 B.C.
Middle Kingdom – 1800 B.C.
New Kingdom – 1300 B.C.

9. Land of the Pharaohs
Aim: How was the economy and religion significant to ancient Egypt?
Do Now: What does the word economy mean?

10. Land of the Pharaohs
Aim: How was the economy and religion significant to ancient Egypt?
Do Now: What does the word economy mean?

11. Religion Priests have political power as well as religious
Pharaoh - child of sun god Ra
Polytheism - Belief in many different gods

12. Government Local leaders made area governors Collect taxes
Local judges
Reported to pharaoh’s headquarters in Memphis – capital city of Egypt

13. Economy
Economy – the way a country or people manage money and resources for the production of goods and services
All things in kingdom belonged to the pharaoh
Based on:
agriculture
Trade

15. Afterlife Central to the religion of Egypt
After person dies, go on to the “Next World”
Could take food or objects with them
Mummification – bodies dried and wrapped in strips of cloth
For Egyptian royalty

16. Egyptian Sarcophagus

17. Land of the Pharaohs
Aim: What was the importance of having scribes and a system of writing in ancient Egypt?
Do Now: Take out worksheet

18. A System of Writing
Hieroglyphics – ancient Egyptian form of writing that used symbols to stand for objects, ideas, or sounds

19. A System of Writing Why is writing so important? Record keeping
Communication
Religion
Keep track of details

20. Scribes
Scribe – people who traveled throughout Egypt to keep records of details
Recorded
How much grain farmers harvested
How much farmers owed to the government
Drafted letters and marriage contracts
Highly respected because few were literate – able to read and write

21. Scribes Only boys could become scribes
Wrote on papyrus – a reed plant that grows along the Nile
used sharpened reeds as pens

22. Rosetta Stone
A.D. 400 – hieroglyphics fell out of use and meaning was lost
18th century – large stone found with a passage written in hieroglyphics and Greek
Could now compare the Greek to hieroglyphics and decode the language
**The Rosetta Stone allowed historians to discover more details about Ancient Egypt**

23. Building the Pyramids
Aim: Why were pyramids built?
Do Now: Open Egyptian Website link on website.

24. Building the Pyramids
Pyramids – stone structures built as tombs for pharaohs
The Great Pyramid
Pharaoh Khufu ordered construction in 2600 B.C.
20 years and 100,000 people to build
Entire cliffs were cut into blocks to make the pyramid

25. Building the Great Pyramid
Avg. weight of blocks – 2.5 tons
Total blocks – 2,300,000
Blocks per day – 285

26. Building the Great Pyramid
Use Nile River to transport materials
Ramp theory – gradually sloping ramps
Stones pulled up ramps by laborers
Blocks made of limestone and granite

28. The Great Pyramid
Each side faces the four cardinal directions perfectly
North, South, East, and West
481 feet high
Angles of sides - 51degrees

29. Old Kingdom Many pharaohs building pyramids
These projects took there toll on Egypt’s
Economy
People
Anger began to grow
2000 B.C. leaders in Upper Egypt
rebel and set up a new pharaoh
Capital in Thebes

30. What is a necropolis?
What is the importance of mound-shaped structures for Egyptians?
What is a mastaba?
What is difficult about making a flat sided pyramid?

31.
0-16:00